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Information Based Decision Making

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| Information based decision making | Unit 5002V1 | | | 4/1/2015 |

Task 1 (600-700 words):

A.C.1.1 – Examine the nature of data and information

Data comprises of factual information. Data are the facts from which information is derived. Data is not necessarily informative on its own but needs to be structured, interpreted, analysed and contextualised. Once data undergoes this process, it transforms in to information. Information should be accessible and understood by the reader without needing to be interpreted or manipulated in any way.

Knowledge is the framework for understanding information and using it to inform judgements, opinions, predictions and decisions – a pyramidal relationship (See diagram 1)

Diagram 1:

There are 2 types of knowledge: 1) Explicit knowledge (“know that”) – derived from facts, easily communicated via hard data and facts and 2) Tacit knowledge (“know how”) – more of a personal framework informed by beliefs, schemata, mental frameworks, difficult to verbalise or write down, more based on process rather than factual content. In the field of knowledge management, tacit knowledge is individual specific and can be acquired without language through observation and practice. This type of knowledge is acquired through experience, and therefore from a knowledge management perspective, shared experiences are a key platform to share tacit knowledge. A clinical example: The Trust has a standard assessment proforma for new patients that will guide a clinician on what information to collect for a new patient (explicit knowledge), however, using clinical instinct, observation and skills to sift out the important facts, build rapport and trust, and putting the information into an overall treatment and risk management plan requires tacit knowledge of the patient group, the assessment process, power dynamics between therapist

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