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Infra

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Submitted By muhdamir
Words 33076
Pages 133
Manual Saliran
Mesra Alam
(MSMA)

Pusat Penyelidikan Kejuruteraan Sungai dan Saliran Bandar
(REDAC)
Kampus Kejuruteraan, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang.
Tel: 04-5941035 Fax: 04-5941036

ii

Concept and Design Requirement of MSMA

1.0 Design Standard
Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (Manual Saliran Mesra Alam Malaysia, MSMA)
2.0 General
Urbanization results in the growth and spread of impervious areas and a diversification of urban landuse practice with respects to the hydrologic and environmental terms. Landuse changes from rural to urban industrial areas cause local runoff impacts on receiving water flow, quality, and ecology. Apart from erosion and sedimentation problems associated with development, it has become increasingly apparent that stormwater runoff contributes to receiving waters a significant part of total loads of such pollutants as nutrients (including phosphorus and nitrogen), heavy metals, oil and grease, bacteria, etc.
New, comprehensive, and integrated SWM strategies are now needed to be in line with the government’s drive to archive a sustainable developed nation status in the early 21st century. Such new strategies will incorporate interalia, runoff source control, management and delayed disposal on a catchment wide, proactive, and multi-functional basis.
This should result in flood reduction, water quality improvement, and ecological enhancement in downstream receiving waters. To some extent, it should also contribute to improved urban amenity through the application of wetlands, landscape for recreation, potential beneficial reuse of stormwater (especially as a non-potable supply source), and recharge of depleted urban groundwater aquifers to enhance stream base flow during dry seasons.
Stormwater management has development to the point where there are now

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