...fruitful interdisciplinary collaboration between law and economics. Our chapter addresses an important aspect of that collaboration: the use courts can and should make of two bodies of knowledge in empirical industrial organization economics, as that academic discipline has evolved over the last few decades. Our examples focus on the US experience, which we know best. But we are confident that the broad considerations we discuss apply to any competition policy regime. The first body of economic knowledge we discuss involves methods of distinguishing among alternative explanations for market outcomes or firm conduct. This is termed the problem of ‘‘identification’’ in empirical economics.We show how courts can apply what economists have learned about identification to the problems of defining markets and determining whether market power has been exercised. We show that the same analytic issues arise regardless of whether the evidence on these concepts is quantitative or qualitative. The second relevant body of economic knowledge derives from the empirical economics research literature, taken as a whole. That literature demonstrates that di¤erences among industries are important, making the industry the appropriate unit of analysis for addressing economic issues related to competition policy. A similar conclusion was reached long ago in antitrust law, when market definition became central to reasonableness analysis. But, as we explain, the research literature goes further...
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...Translational Research Gretna Green Introduction: Translational research is a way of thinking about and conducting scientific research to make the results of research applicable to the population under study and is practiced in the natural and biological, behavioral, and social sciences. The focus of translational research is on removing barriers to multi-disciplinary collaboration, translational research has the potential to drive the advancement of applied science. Translational research includes two areas of translation. One is the process of applying discoveries generated during research in the laboratory, and in preclinical studies, to the development of trials and studies in humans. The second area of translation concerns research is aimed at enhancing the adoption of best practices in the community. Lerman (2003) asserted that translational research often begins when findings from the laboratory are replicated with and extended to clinical populations and problems. Translational research is broader than the traditional term applied research. Applied research is any research that may possibly be useful for enhancing health or well-being. However, through translational research, the same studies (research) would include some action steps in addition to what is normally done in applied research. In translational research the researchers would partner with the community and ask for ideas about how their findings might apply there. Together, they would come up with...
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...Chapter 33. Professional Communication and Team Collaboration Michelle O’Daniel, Alan H. Rosenstein Background In today’s health care system, delivery processes involve numerous interfaces and patient handoffs among multiple health care practitioners with varying levels of educational and occupational training. During the course of a 4-day hospital stay, a patient may interact with 50 different employees, including physicians, nurses, technicians, and others. Effective clinical practice thus involves many instances where critical information must be accurately communicated. Team collaboration is essential. When health care professionals are not communicating effectively, patient safety is at risk for several reasons: lack of critical information, misinterpretation of information, unclear orders over the telephone, and overlooked changes in status.1 Lack of communication creates situations where medical errors can occur. These errors have the potential to cause severe injury or unexpected patient death. Medical errors, especially those caused by a failure to communicate, are a pervasive problem in today’s health care organizations. According to the Joint Commission (formerly the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, JCHAO), if medical errors appeared on the National Center for Health Statistic’s list of the top 10 causes of death in the United States, they would rank number 5—ahead of accidents, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as AIDS, breast...
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...editorial and production process for the Journal of Oncology Navigation and Survivorship include: * Manuscripts must be original and not published previously * Format requirements must be followed entirely * Authors are required to sign a Copyright Transfer Form * Authors must receive written permission to reuse or adapt any tables or figures that have been previously published The required manuscript format must be followed entirely and include: * Title page with the proper title, names and affiliations of all authors * Abstract with no more that 250 words that describes the main objectives and why the article is important * Conclusion with comments that offer rationale for the article and what it adds to the literature * Double spaced manuscript and numbered pages that are consecutive * Tables and figures must be cited in text * The length should be 2500-3000 words, plus tables and figures * Images must be saved as individual files * Provide all authors and highest academic degree and affiliations Abstract The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has recognized that survivorship care within the cancer population has been lacking, resulting in patients being lost in follow up care and afraid of what to expect next in life after cancer treatment. In response to this issue the IOM has recommended that every cancer survivor completing cancer treatment to include surgery, chemotherapy and...
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...Characteristics of effective teams: a literature review Characteristics of effective teams: a literature review SHARON MICKAN AND SYLVIA RODGER Sharon Mickan is a PhD student and Sylvia Rodger is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Occupational Therapy at The University of Queensland. Sharon holds a NH&MRC Public Health Postgraduate Research Scholarship. Abstract Effective healthcare teams often elude consistent definition because of the complexity of teamwork. Systems theory offers a dynamic view of teamwork, in which input conditions are transformed via optimum throughput processes into maximal output. This article describes eighteen characteristics of effective teams across input conditions and teamwork processes, which have been identified from the literature. Background Research into team effectiveness has traditionally searched for characteristics of effective teams. Quantitative evaluations of specific interventions have largely been inconclusive and emphasised the need for further research (Schwartzmann 1986). The complexity of team functioning precludes reducing teams to their least number of components. Rather, a systems theory approach recognises the relationships and interdependence between and within teams. Given the importance of teamwork to delivering healthcare, a better understanding of how teams function effectively will be invaluable for educating and developing teams. This article will summarise and evaluate characteristics that create and maintain teams...
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...Towards a typology for undertaking doctoral research in the built environment Ade Alao Abstract This paper considers issues associated with identifying a typology for doctoral research in the built environment. It argues that a definition of the built environment knowledge base in terms of its constituent subject disciplines is unhelpful for doctoral research as the generation of new knowledge in an interdiscipline requires integration across the various subject disciplines. A typology for research design is identified as being capable of guiding the doctoral researcher but will require further research to tested and verify it’s theoretical and empirical basis. Keywords: Typology, Doctoral Research, Built Environment, Interdisciplinarity 1. Introduction “The built environment disciplines is a term that has come to be used by many UK universities to refer to a range of practice-oriented subjects concerned with the design, development and management of buildings, spaces and places….. …..they are a very heterogeneous collection of fields of study and practice, including architecture, town planning, land and property management, building surveying, construction technology, landscape design, housing policy and management, transport planning and urban regeneration. In some institutions disciplines such as geography and environmental management are also included. As such, they comprise something of a microcosm of the university as a whole, comprising business-oriented...
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...the way nursing researchers utilize factor analysis. The focus was on five areas of decisions that are commonly made when doing factor analysis: Sample size; choice between factor analysis and principal component analysis; numbers of factors to be retained; data extraction and method of factor rotation. In order to provide guidance and information to researchers, the authors reviewed the literature regarding the above areas of interest, assessed current and best practice for researchers and, provided recommendations...
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...Interdisciplinary Care Assignment Name Chamberlain College of Nursing Background Information The patient (‘AB’) was an obese (body mass index = 32.75) 62-year-old Caucasian female initially admitted to the emergency room with pneumonia, then transferred several hours later to the intensive care unit (ICU). AB’s diagnosis of pneumonia took place upon admission. AB was diagnosed with type II diabetes 6 years ago. AB is on Metformin (2,000 mg twice daily) and Lisinopril (20 mg once daily). AB does not report having been diagnosed with pneumonia previously. AB’s diagnosis of type II diabetes was made 15 years ago, and the diagnosis of hypertension was made 11 years ago. AB reports that both her diabetes mellitus and hypertension...
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...Sheffield Hallam University Faculty of Health and Wellbeing Advanced Diploma in Adult Nursing. Summative Assessment Submission. Collaboration in Professional Practice – January ’08 Intake Date of Submission: 20th April 2009 Assignment Title: "Effective Inter-professional Collaboration is key to providing good quality *patient/client/service user centred care"...Discuss. Student details: Name Student Number Word Count: 2,976 Module Tutor: The aim of this assignment is to discuss the importance of working inter-professionally within a multidisciplinary team to achieve the best patient-centred care. It will demonstrate developments achieved, and the knowledge gained around this area throughout my training and practice to date. The assignment will focus on the inter-professional care for adults within a hospital environment, as ‘Advanced Diploma in Adult Nursing’ is my course area. Interprofessional collaboration looks at teamwork, communication, professionalism and modern issues which influence practice at present. Various health care professionals have a range of expertise and skills different to others, their experiences and insights into situations capture dissimilar care needs, therefore enabling the patient to receive the best care. Through working in a multidisciplinary team, different professionals can collaborate with each other in order to benefit the patient and deliver person-centred care. The Royal College of Nursing (RCN 2007) describes...
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...Title: differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level. Patient Care Scenario Barbara Doherty Grand Canyon University: NRS-430-O102 September 21, 2014 Differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level. Patient Care Scenario “BSN- prepared nurse have a positive impact on lowering mortality rate.” (Tourangeau et. al. , 2007 p.6). As the health care industry is constantly evolving at a fast pace, education is with no doubt one of the most influential aspect that nurses have to conquer to be able to give the best patient care. This paper will argue with solid evidence-based research the differences in educational preparation between a Baccalaureate degree nurse, BSN, and an associate degree nurse, ADN. Different approaches in decision making and patient care will be explained, using a clinical situation, amongst a BSN nurse and ADN nurse showing that BSN nurses make better decisions concerning patient care. Associate Degree Nursing and Baccalaureate Degree Nursing There are three possibilities to become a registered nurse and those are: a 3- year diploma, a 3-year associate degree, which is the equivalent of an ADN degree, and a 4-year baccalaureate degree which is the equivalent of a BSN degree. The ADN program was created by Mildred Montag due to scarcity on nurses. Mildred created a new type of nurse as she explained it...
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...order to expose them to authentic language use. Exposure, however, is not enough to trigger language acquisition. People need to be acquainted the use of computers to enhance language acquisition. The aim of this paper is to prove that Internet is a great influence to Enhance English communication skills through their exploration of the Internet that will ultimately help them improve communication skills and enrich their vocabulary. The Internet offers tons of information and unlimited resources that people can use in order to expose them to authentic language use. Exposure, however, is not enough to trigger language acquisition. People need to be acquainted the use of computers to enhance language acquisition. (Mei Lin, Caroline. 2007) Literature Review In a Study by Yi Zhou about Attitudes and Motivation toward learning a second language in an internet-based informal context: Perception of University ESL Students done in university of Windsor, Ontario, Canada; the study investigates the motivational factors for learning English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL). One of the purposes of the study is to benefit the educators and the instructors to gain a better understanding of the characteristics inherent to a internet-based concept to help support language learning motivation and thus incorporate these factors into their classroom activities in order to promote student learning performance. A survey was handed to 107 Chinese ESL students. The result of the study concludes that the students...
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...Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed October 3, 2013. A research made at Ryerson University, in Toronto by Almost J. PhD, RN, Doran D, M, PhD, RN, FCAHS, MC Gillis Hall L, PhD, RN, FAAN, and Spence Laschinger H,K, PhD, RN, FAAN, FCAHS, test a hypothetical model between nurses and also conflict management style that result in job stress and job satisfaction. One of the main reason that contribute to nurse shortage derived from conflict among nurses that have also a negative impact on the retaining of competent staff and patient care. The outcome of conflict can be both functional and dysfunctional, but the workplace relationship consist more of dysfunctional conflict rather than functional conflict where in conjunction with a better collaboration and support can result in less job dissatisfaction that is the cause for nursing shortage. Studies are made and conflicts between doctors and nurses are reported but the most stressful type of conflict that result in job stress remain among nurses. Four studies were analyzed and provide provision for the previous circumstances of conflict in nursing work place. Core self- evaluation, is how different individuals coming from a different background react and function to every day stress. Higher self-esteem and confidence among individuals that work in a stressful environment can reduce the level of conflict. Another characteristic is the complexity of nursing care that can be the underlying cause of conflict, which is characterized by time...
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...ijcrb.webs.com JANUARY 2012 VOL 3, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Collective Bargaining and Its Implementation “A case study of HBFC in Pakistan” Rana Adeel Luqman MS Scholar and Lecturer Commerce Department The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Fakhar Shahzad (Corresponding author) MS Scholar and Visiting Lecturer The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Sundus Shaheen (Corresponding author) Lecturer, Commerce Department The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan Tabinda Kiran (Corresponding author) Lecturer, Management Sciences The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan ABSTRACT The main intention of writing this paper is to develop understanding about the concept of collective bargaining, its scope and implementation issues in HBFC Pakistan and in light of problems that they face in collective bargaining suggest some factors for effective collective bargaining. Simple random sampling was used for collecting data from population. In-depth interviews are conducted formally and informally. Based on the analysis of data gathered in HBFC it was found that there is no proper communication between union and management. They have misconception between them and the management does not properly recognize the union. And there is also the involvement of politics in collective bargaining. So there is need of some improvement in collective bargaining process and also realize the importance...
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...Reducing Rehospitalizations in Skilled Nursing Facilities Increases the Quality of Care Residents Receive and Decreases Unnecessary Health Care Cost Nurses have the power to increase positive patient outcomes by implementing changes in their practice based on the evidence found in the nursing literature. Utilizing evidence-based practice (EBP) increases nurses job satisfaction, increases communication across the interdisciplinary team, enables nurses to provide their patients with high-quality care and decreases health care cost. The purpose of this paper is to describe why readmissions from nursing homes (NHs) is a nurse practice problem, nurse practice changes to reduce hospitalizations in NHs, evidence found in the nursing literature that supports the change in nursing practice and how to evaluate the change in practice after implementation of interventions. The Problem Residents in NHs continue to experience potentially avoidable 30-day readmissions to hospitals. Rahman, Foster, Grabowski, Zinn, & Mor (2013) define 30-day readmissions as when the resident is readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of being discharged from the hospital to NHs and avoidable readmissions as conditions that can be managed safely and efficiently in NHs instead of the resident being transferred to the hospital (p. 1901) There are more than 1.6 million Americans living in NHs in the United States and 23.5% of these Americans experience readmission to the hospital within 30 days of discharges...
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...Connecticut State Department of Education Connecticut Academic Performance Test (CAPT) Third Generation Handbook for Reading and Writing Across the Disciplines Contents Technical note: If using an electronic version of this handbook, click on any underlined text to link to the specific section in the document. Foreword 3 Position Statement 4 Introduction 6 Reading Across the Disciplines: • Response to Literature 8 • Reading for Information 11 Writing Across the Disciplines: • Interdisciplinary Writing 15 • Editing and Revising 18 Instructional Strategies to Use All Year 19 CAPT Strategies for All Students 22 Additional Assessment Information 25 Released Items 26 Foreword On behalf of the Connecticut State Department of Education (CSDE), I am pleased to present the Connecticut Academic Performance Test (CAPT) Third Generation Handbook for Reading and Writing Across the Disciplines. The third generation CAPT, developed in 2004 and piloted in 2005 and 2006, will be administered live for the first time in March 2007. This handbook has been developed to provide Connecticut’s public school educators with important information about the CAPT reading and writing across the disciplines assessments. It should serve as a reference for all content area teachers as they prepare their students. It is designed to answer the frequently asked questions about...
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