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The auditor should evaluate the design effectiveness of controls by determining whether the entity's controls, if they are applied as prescribed by persons possessing the necessary authority and competence to perform the control effectively, satisfy the entity's control objectives, and can effectively prevent, or detect and correct misstatements caused by errors or fraud that could result in material misstatements in the financial statements. Procedures performed to evaluate design effectiveness may include a mix of inquiry of appropriate personnel, observation of the entity's operations, and inspection of relevant documentation.
Walkthroughs that include these procedures ordinarily are sufficient to evaluate design effectiveness. The auditor should test the operating effectiveness of a control by determining whether the control is operating as designed and whether the person performing the control possesses the necessary authority and competence to perform the control effectively procedures performed test operating effectiveness may include a mix of inquiry of appropriate personnel, observation of the entity’s operations, inspection of relevant documentation, recalculation and re-performance of the control. In addition, the auditor should vary the nature, timing, and extent of testing of controls from year to year to introduce unpredictability into the testing and respond to changes in circumstances. For this reason, each year the auditor might test controls at a different interim period, increase or reduce the number and types of test performed, or change the combinations of procedures used.
When the auditors reports on effectiveness of controls that were operating during the roll forward period, it is necessary for he or she to determine what additional audit evidence to be obtain. The additional evidence that is necessary to update the result

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