...Cultural Communication Maureen Schneider International Business Communications Professor Rodger January 18, 2016 Geert Hofstede’s 6 Dimensions is a tool that is helpful in comparing different cultures. This tool can help businesses that are planning to do business outside of their own country by helping to show the similarities and differences in the cultures of the countries. To properly use this comparison one must first understand how Geert Hofstede’s 6 Dimensions can be interpreted and of course what each dimension stands for. The 6 Dimensions are: Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity, Uncertainty Avoidance, Long Term Orientation and Indulgence. According to the Geert Hofstede website each dimension is describe as follows: Power Distance – extent in which the culture accepts the fact that power, within the society, is not distributed equally. The higher the score in this dimension shows that the culture believes that an inequality in power distribution is acceptable. Individualism - extent in which a society maintains interdependence among its members. Self-Image is defined as either I or we. In an individualistic society the members take care of themselves and their direct family members. The higher the score in this dimension indicates that the society is based on individualism and not collectivism. In a collectivist society the members take care of one another, the in group, usually in exchange for loyalty. Some cultures...
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...Chapter 12 Case Study Dennis P. Furey, Jr. ML 5313 Project Management March 28th, 2014 Communication Errors According to the Case Study 2 identified as International Communications (Clements & Gido, 2012, pp. 426-428) in Chapter 12 of the text, the project manager, Samuel, appeared to make numerous errors with his communication process or his lack thereof. Angelique, the plant manager in charge of the newly developed Ireland facility that Samuel’s company was designing and constructing, was never able to make contact with Samuel when she needed information, follow-up, or to discuss necessary changes. A large factor that played into the issue was that there appeared to be no beneficial communication plan in place for this project. This was an international job and would need to have sound, precise communication in place in order to be successful. Another issue with Samuel’s communication was his derogatory, stereotypical remarks about women work associates, either behind their backs or to the face of other employees, such as his own female administrative assistant, Penny. By stereotyping the female workers, Samuel was being unethical and caused a shadow of unprofessionalism to bear over him, which would reflect on himself as a project manager and his team. One last major error the researcher observed from the case study was that Samuel ultimately shut down communication from the onset just through his general business practices and mentality. Samuel stated in his...
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...International Communications Proposal Social Media Communication Behaviors in China In January 2011, Fast Company published an article that focused on the social media revolution in China. It depicts the Chinese social networks currently exploding in the country, which rival competitors like Facebook and Twitter, both illegal in China. The newer upstarts are causing a surge among the young generation, by facilitating communication and open expression previously thought to be extinct in the Communist country. But the most astonishing information is statistics found by Netpop Research in San Francisco pertaining to Chinese online behaviors. “Chinese Internet users are twice as conversational as American users; in other words, they’re twice as likely to post to online forums, chat in chat rooms, or publish blogs (Rabkin).” This research paper will attempt to share insight into China’s 420 million Internet users (Crampton) and their communication behaviors compared to Americans through the discussion of social media. This information is relevant on the international level as China, or the People’s Republic of China, is home to over 1.339 billion people. It is the world’s second-largest country by land area. They are the world’s largest exporter and second-largest exporter of goods. And as of 2011, it ranks second only to the United States by both nominal GDP and purchasing power parity (China). China is a true competitor in the world market and understanding the communication...
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...INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION COM 3705 ASSIGNMENT 1 Unique Number 604407 Daisy Marowanidze 49446444 COM 3705 ASSIGNMENT 1 Unique Number: 604407 Page 1 Declaration I, the undersigned, hereby declare that this is my own and personal work, except where the work(s) or publications of others have been acknowledged by means of reference techniques. I have read and understood Tutorial Letter CMNALLE/301 regarding technical and presentation requirements, referencing techniques and plagiarism. Daisy Marowanidze 49446444 23 July 2015 Witness: Emmanuel Kadzunge Daisy Marowanidze 49446444 COM 3705 ASSIGNMENT 1 Unique Number: 604407 Page 2 Table of Contents COVER PAGE................................................................................................ 1 DECLARATION ............................................................................................. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... 3 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 4 1.1 Globalisation and hybridization explained from a cinematic perspective ...................................................................................... 4 1.2 The difference between deculturalisation, acculturalization and reculturalisation explained from a cinematic perspective.................. 6 2.1 Three theoretical approaches to the study of the...
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...1 INTRODUCTION What would the world be without instant communication and information? Certainly not after being used to having access to the world at a click of a button, but is every country equal in its access to communication and media? Do all countries have access to television? Media imperialism will be discussed, media imperialism is loosely defined as a theory that suggests that smaller countries are losing their identity and culture due to the dominance of media from larger nations. Today we're not only receiving the word almost immediately, but there are also possibilities for live pictures and sound giving a feeling of presence almost virtually wherever it happens on the planet. The earlier seemingly logical relationship between space and time is moving apart, and distance is no longer an obstacle resulting in the world seeming smaller. In this article, media imperialism will be looked at in the television industry. We look at the world’s largest media giant Time Warner that recently announced its merger with Comcast making it a force to be reckon with a value of over $45 billion dollars. Then we look nationally at our very own media giant, MultiChoice, and its CEO of the holding company Naspers, Mr Koos Bekker. This media mogul has pathed the way for media in South Africa and we look at what made him so successful and how he manages such a powerful organisation such as Naspers. How does media imperialism effect the television industry? This question is...
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...1. One phrase that I heard my son, Seth, use while riding in the backseat of my Toyota Camry, on November 6, as I was driving on Airline Drive is “tricked out.” He pointed out an older model car that was painted lime green, as well as, having wild looking rims. Seth exclaimed, “Mom, Look at that car! It may be tricked out, but it still is old.” This phrase was a reference to a description characteristic when describing a car that is modified with many types of aftermarket parts; to Americans the phrase means "heavily accessorized." A person from another culture could interpret this expression to mean a vehicle performing magic tricks. 2. A second expression is one that I used at home on November 6: "When in Rome, do as the Romans do." As I was trying to decide what to wear to class, nonchalantly I said that I didn’t know what I was going to wear, but I knew it was something I would need to iron. Seth asked me why I dressed up for school on some days, but not on others. I replied, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Seth, looking perplexed, responded, “Mom, we are not in Paris, and we surely aren’t in Rome, so you don’t need to dress like a Roman.” I smiled and explained to him that I choose to dress nicely for class on Tuesday and Thursday each week because on those particular days I attend Dr. Krajewski’s class. I explained to him how much I respect her and aspire to be like her, and that she dresses impeccably each and every day; therefore, I choose to pay special attention...
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...has become multiethnic society. About twenty percent of the population account for Emirati nationals. Other ethnicities include, Asians (Indians, Pakistani, Iranian and Philippians), Europeans and Americans. Even though other religions are accepted, “Islam dominates all aspects of life” (HALAF, 2014). The society in the United Arab Emirates is divided into two social classes; the nationals and the foreign immigrants. The citizens are divided further into four groups; the ruling sheik families, the merchant class, the new middle class and the low income class. The foreign immigrants are also segregated into hierarchy groups that receive different economic and social rewards. The foreign groups are as followed: top professionals with international contracts, middle range professionals and low paid, semi-skilled to unskilled workers. Social behavior in the United Arab Emirates starts with the Islamic greeting Al-Salam Alaykom. Men touch nose to nose when greeting while as women kiss each other on the cheek several times. Asking about the family and their health is a normal start to a light conversation. When discussing serious business, refreshments are usually served before beginning the conversation. Since the UEA is predominantly Islamic, there are strict rules when it comes to food. The Islamic law Halal is for food preparation and states that “the animal has to be alive and healthy; a Muslim has to perform the slaughter in the appropriate ritual manner, and the animal's...
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...frequently interpreted as agreement, however, in the Chinese culture an individual will remain silent rather than offer a dissenting opinion so as to make sure both parties save face. Face is an essential component of Chinese culture as the concept translates to honor, respect and good reputation. In order to successfully conduct business in China it is essential that the representative never lose face themselves nor cause the loss of face in others. The primary code of behavior and ethics in China is based on Confucianism, stressing duty, sincerity, loyalty, honor, piety and respect for age and seniority. “Through maintaining harmonious relations as individuals, society itself becomes stable (Kwintesssential, 2013).” Non-verbal communication is as important as verbal and provides even more pitfalls. In China a frown is interpreted as disagreement which can cause one party to lose face. Facial expressions, tone of voice and even posture are all examined to try to determine what someone feels. In America, eye contact is considered a sign that you are paying attention and care about what the person is saying. In China it is considered rude and an invasion of privacy. This also affects how the word “No” is used. Seldom will a Chinese businessman say “No” outright, nor will they tend to force definitive yes or no questions. More often they will suggest further study be given as a higher value is placed on tact and ambiguity than directness. The way in which these customs...
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...Article 2: Communication in international business- to- business marketing channels Does culture matter? This article deals with the question if and how cultural variations influence channel communication . Finding show that there is a relationship between culture and channel communications in international channels. The autor , Bert Rosenbloom, described Hall’s (1976) proposed high-contex versus low- contex dichotomy to explain the different cultural orientations. It is a simple two category basis for grouping the cultures of many different countries to help understand the hidden codes in communication, stemming from „cultural distance“. The expressions "high context" and "low context" are labels which shows the cultural differences between societies. High-context and low-context communication refers to how much speakers rely on things other than words to convey meaning. First, Hofstede's cultural model and the model approaches Hall presented, where the main cultural differences are described. The cultural model of Hofstede with its five dimensions and the corresponding index values provides information about cultural differences and their possible impact in intercultural cooperation. The five dimensions in Hofstede's cultural model, "power distance", "collectivism versus individualism," "femininity versus masculinity," "uncertainty avoidance" and "long-term versus short-term orientation". Together, the five dimensions of a cultural model in which differences can be measured...
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...ethnocentricity, beliefs etc. This is because each of the groups has their own values and standards. Each of the cultures ethnocentricity is different and they use their own standards based on their culture to judge the behavior and beliefs of other individuals of a different culture. Each of the cultures has their own behaviors, values, customs, and beliefs that are taught from generation to generation, which is known as enculturation. Some of the other cultural phenomenons are nationality, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic class. Each of these terms are used interchangeably and can cause much confusion in an organization. The different groups have a sense of connection with each other and can relate to their own culture. Intercultural communication is very important in the business world and is required when expanding business to other countries. To have a complete understanding of a different...
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...First I would like to thank you for your consideration and wanting to use the research I have collected over the time in my work and studies in China. I am confident that I can supply the needed knowledge for the future negotiations to help provide a win-win for both parties. I do agree that using a middleman would be a wise choice to help with the negotiations. Etiquette and social customs must be studied, understood and followed when wanting to have a successful outcome of any business meeting between multicultural individuals. Before even staring negotiations one must understand the Chinese culture and how they function and think as a people. Two thirds of Chinese live in rural areas and are raised with a strong respect to harmony, social obedience and hierarchy within families and business. Their belief of the yin and yang, meaning the passive and active seeks to encourage compromise by allowing both sides to maintain their stand point yet still coming to an end result. This is why proper negotiations are so important. Another important fact to understand is that the Chinese language is a sequence of images and not words like we are custom to in the United States, therefore they think in a more holistic way and put a lot of concentration on the bigger picture. Because of years of conflict between nations and inter cultural issues they are stand offish with strangers especially westerners. Because of their strict hierarchy it is...
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...Perscilla Jenkins Colorado Technical University Professor Robert Wilberding MGM316-1301B-06 Phase 3 IP March 12, 2013 One of my vendors that work closely with my franchise wants to purchase $10 million in materials and services from suppliers in China, Japan, and South Korea. It was recommended that my company use an approach to business negotiations that provides a win-win for both parties. Management was also told they needed to know the background of the Asian negotiator and that they should use a “middleman” to help them with the negotiation. Because of your work in China, the vendor would like your advice in this business dealing. The intermediary stressed the importance of etiquette and social customs in addition to the win-win model. The first thing we need to to do is research the company and their culture etiquettes. Then I will need to find the right person to conduct the negotiation and train others members involve information that they will need to know when doing business with this company as to the do’s and don’ts and how to have a win-win business negotiation. Then we should send the company our business information with the person that will be conducting the negotiation rank within our company. This will establish a first step business approach before doing business with one another. When doing business with China, Japan and South Korea the U.S. vendor must know the social customs as well as each country etiquette for this will play an important role...
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...Rhonda Sparks Phase 1 Basic Concepts of International Communication (DB2) MGM316-1401B-01: International Business Communications Instructor: Edmund Winters 02/16/2014 In today’s society the economy is like a roller coaster for the United State of America. This has a lot to do with politics or the lack of. Our stock market has been dropping over the past few days and weeks on hand. This is due to the republicans not wanting to meet our president halfway by playing politics with the people it is supposed to govern. As we all know the United States is a republican state. Our family values as a whole has gotten out of control by the way we now define marriage. And it is harder for students graduating from High School to enter into college. This is in part due to cut backs with the spending for students who depend on government grants and loans (as the loans yield a high percentage for return). This society is broken and it has been for a while, before Obama became President. If I was to do business in the United States I would be aware of social media such as Facebook, radio and television. This is one platform that I will utilize for my company when trying to promote my business as well as the internet such as paying for pop-up blockers ads. This is due to most households have a least one computer or laptop; if not someone in the household has access to one. Facebook is used to promote events and networking for different organizations. This will give me the opportunity...
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...Inferential Psychology: Hypothesis testing and the search for truth Asking questions of nature has been a part of science from the beginning. In psychology we generally move towards a model of natural science that makes use of inferential hypothesis testing as a central tenet or dogma. As indicated earlier, with respect to sampling from populations, we use a collection of probability distributions and inferential statistics to help us in making decisions about our hypotheses. Essentially statistics are a tool that we use in making decisions. Sometimes we use these tools thoughtfully, considering their strengths and weaknesses, sometimes we use them blindly allowing them to dominate our thoughts and remove our interpretations from the role they must play. Remember that there are numerous assumptions behind the use of statistics in guiding our decision-making, they do not make science and truth for us. Looking back to the Rebirth of Positivism: Psychology and The Golden Age of Behaviorism Edward Chace Tolman (1886-1959): Purposive behaviorism Influenced by neo-realism and gestalt psychology Purpose and hunger could be objectively observed Operational behaviorism examines the functional relationships between independent and dependent variables Intervening variables: Theoretical constructs representing hypothetical processes) which enable the prediction of dependent variables. Theoretically they are the link between stimulus and response, sometimes...
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...past two thousand years. For the example in 1999, world population passed the six billion mark. By the year 2080, the world population estimated around 10,000,000,000 people around the world. Latest official estimates of the current global population by mid-2011, estimated at 6,928,198,253 people around the world (Rosenberg, World Population - The Current World Population, 2011). From the 7 billion populations in the world, they certainly have a different background, such as country, language, race, culture, religion, customs etc. People as a human being cannot live alone without others people. They must communicate with each other. Language is the way of communication. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to show to the people how to communicate with each other in different background especially in Global Business Communication. The expectation is the readers will learn how to using and understand the way people communicate, base on every aspect of their background. Business definition itself is a commercial activity engaged in as a means of livelihood or profit, or an entity which engages in such activities (WebFinance, 2012). In this paper, there will be the research and analyzing personal behavior and attitudes in a country and the relationship with others country. The countries that will be research and analyze are: Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia-China, Indonesia Singapore. Chapter II: Research The research divided into three groups: Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia-China...
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