...Ethics in Journalism James Menephee Com/450 October 21, 2012 Professor Nicole Kragt - Ethics in Journalism In 1909, a fraternity at DePauw University called Sigma Delta Chi was formed for students that had extensive interests in the field of Journalism. Later this group became The Society of Professional Journalists (SBJ). Over time, especially with the growth of technology and expanding outlets of news, such as radio and television the SBJ felt that it was important to develop a code of ethics for journalists. Obviously this was enforceable by law, but it served as a guide of ethical behavior and almost all journalists and their organizations have adopted some or all of the guidelines. In addition to its preamble, the guidelines are made up of four distinct ethics responsibilities. The first ethical responsibility of journalism, according to the SPJ is to "search for the truth and report it." This speaks to the core of every journalist. This guideline goes on to specify methods and practical examples of how this is done. For example, while revealing the truth is the primary goal, that is not enough; the manner in which this information is obtained is just as important. It can't be obtained through illegal means, and if an "uncover method "is used, this can only be done if the this is the only way to reveal the truth. It also includes guides on how images are presented to the public. Like words, images should be used to present the truth, not distort it to manipulate...
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...Extended Diploma in Business (Marketing) Unit 37 Understanding Business Ethics Assessor Mr. Rowland Njagi Date issued: 10/09/2013 Date of Submission: 23/09/2013 Assignment brief 1: Ethical issues Ethical issues that a business should consider in its operations. A case study of Safaricom Ltd. Business ethics are the accepted principles of right or wrong governing the conduct of business people. An ethical strategy is a strategy or course of action that does not violate these accepted principles. Ethics committee of Safaricom Company Ltd An Ethics committee has been constituted comprising of nominated Executive committee members and chaired by the Chief Executive Officer. The primary mandate of the committee is to be the oversight body that drives the ethics and integrity agenda in the company particularly monitoring ethics related programmes and activities to ensure ethics and integrity become part of day to day business. The ethics committee is also the guardian and custodian of the code of conduct which enumerates and enforces acceptable business conduct. Some of the key initiatives spearheaded by the Committee in the last financial year include; • Safaricom signing up to the recently drafted Kenyan Businesses Code of Ethics. The Kenyan Business Community under the directorship of the UN Global Initiative has developed a code of ethics to guide Kenyan businesses on matters relating to ethics. Safaricom took an active role in drafting the code and was one of the first...
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...10/09/2011 APPLIED RESEARCH PROJECT MISCELLANEOUS: * Computer Ethics * Virtual Reality * Multimedia * Telecommuting * Data Security * International Issues * Computer Based-learning After reviewing several options for my discussion, I decided that exploring a publishing company, Design Space Media Group, LLC would be an excellent and diversified approach to the many miscellaneous aspects present within an organization. Design Space Media Group began publishing 7 years ago as a Chicago based Architectural Publication, and shortly after, expanded to several countries around the world. As the company cultivated its publications into several multimedia developments, Tranzit Magazine, a lifestyles by-product was launched along with several other new ventures. There were certain challenges that came with expanding, and the organization would have to adjust in order to thrive in a rather competitive, yet questionable economy. Computer Ethics According to Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon “Ethics refers to the principles of right and wrong that individuals, acting as free moral agents, use to make choices to guide their behaviors”. Computer ethics is set of moral principles that regulate the use of computers. With these simple moral principles, there are some common problems of computer ethics that includes intellectual property rights such as copyrighted electronic content, privacy concerns, child abuse, fraud and how computers affect...
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... Review Assignment Make a summary of the author’s main contentions This study starts with the point of view that classic ethics are failing when they are confronted with many global problems. Compared to other periods of time, the world is able to connect nowadays. Because of the possibilities of the media, nearly ever person has qualitatively and quantitatively choices. The author emphasizes that we don’t choose to be global citizens; she claims that the world’s people are global citizens. People would choose the way of living with the media. The human nature is the basis for the philosophical morality. The concept of virtue, which was defined by Aristotle and other philosophers is basing on the philosophical morality. They underline that people fulfill their potential by using their intellect and will. „Excellent“ would not be given by nature, people have to put afford in work to achieve this status. Besides, other philosophers characterized mortality apart from particular human talents and functions. For examples Kant refers to rationality or Hume choose rationality as criterion. Other authors also claim natural right as the source of ethics. In all of these described concepts, ethics are based on essential human experience and our notions of ethical goodness are intrinsically bound up with our self-definition. At the macro level, ethics deduce from the essential nature like social beings. Through social connections and the fabrics of communal life, people are shaped...
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...Ethical Issues with Digital Media Introduction Ethics in digital media involves the moral problem that is associated with the adoption of new communication technologies in daily activities. New advancement of technology has resulted in different techniques that have altered the manner in which business and other activities are undertaken in the world. Examples of digital media are online journalism, blogging sites, and social media. The major concern in the ethics of digital media is the effect of information that is transmitted through these channels. Ordinarily, the role of digital media is to act as a medium of communication. However, in the case that the accuracy of the information is not controlled, it can lead to various impacts to the society. The digital media played a very significant role in the financial crisis through the spread of information. As such, this paper analyses digital media ethics in relation to the global financial crisis and its effects to the society. The World Financial Crisis The global economic crisis has caused many problems nearly to all the sectors of the economy in the world. Many countries have suffered deep in their growth domestic product while recession has a common experience all over the world. The severity of the crisis has persisted to the recent times, but this can be attributed to the debts incurred by some developed economies like Greece even after strong support from other countries. As a result, the world’s financial system...
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...Business Ethics can be defined as the critical, structured examination of how people & institutions should behave in the world of commerce. In particular, it involves examining appropriate constraints on the pursuit of self-interest, or (for firms) profits, when the actions of individuals or firms affects others. It is the application of a moral code of conduct to the strategic and operational management of a business. The range and quantity of business ethical issues reflects the interaction of profit-maximizing behaviour with non-economic concerns. Three Levels of Business Ethics: Johnson and Scholes provide a useful way of classifying the diverse elements of Business Ethics: * The Macro level: * The role of business in the national and international organisation of society * The relative virtues of different political/social systems, such as free enterprise, centrally planned economies, etc * International relationships and the role of business on an international scale * The Corporate level: * Corporate social responsibility * Ethical issues facing individual corporate entities (private and public sector) when formulating and implementing strategies * The Individual level: * The behaviour and actions of individuals within organisations Advertising and Business Ethics: Advertising is an attempt to send information to people to convince them to spend their money with a certain company. This concept is the foundation...
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...Miller International, Inc. Strategy Recommendation Introduction History * I’ve chosen to focus my strategy recommendation on Miller International, Inc. I’m particular interested in this company due to the fact that, I, myself am a consumer of their products, particularly their Cruel Girl brand. This brand is crafted for woman and girls. And being a country girl, there is nothing better than a good pair of jeans. Miller International, Inc. is a Denver, Co based manufacturer and marketer of apparels that was formed in 1918. It owns and distributes major premium clothing brands such as Cinch, Cruel Girl, and Rockies. These brands offer high-quality jeans and other western wear for men, women, and children. Over the years this company has evolved to keep up with the ever-changing needs of their customer base. Phillip Miller, the founder, started as a door to door hat salesman. When the need arose, he expanded to a catalog company. With the emergence of retail stores, in 1950, he opened his first brick and mortar store. And now, as back then, the Miller International, Inc. company is continuing to provide their customers with the product and accessibility they require. So in these days of cutting edge technology, they are proving to remain amongst the leading western wear retailers with e-commerce websites and through social media. Competition One of Miller International, Inc.’s major competitors in the western wear industry is Wrangler. Wrangler has been...
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...Freedom Day, Other Side of the Coin On 3rd of May every year, soon after the termination of the Labour Day activities world press freedom day is observed. Freedom of press is a perpetual issue. There is always divided opinion over rights and duties of press. The media owners and journalists are always of the view that there should be liberty of they are bound to the futile rules and regulations and have no freedom to express the truth. On the other hand the ministries of the information argue that they have given extra ordinary freedom to the press. In fact these two opinions are the two extremes. The situation is in between these two states. Media insists on knowing more and more in order to astonish their viewers and readers. There is a lot of evidence that media aggrandize the matters always or conceal facts due to some overt purposes. Each and every country has formulated laws to control the media. There is code of conduct for the journalists everywhere but many a journalist does not observe this code just for winning the report. There are also many evidences that media created stir among the masses without any basis. The decades old stunt of Skylab and oft quoted aliens with their flying chariots are a few examples. The media crosses its limits and the states act. Sometimes the dictators clip the feathers of the...
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...Ethics of journalism Main article: Journalism ethics and standards The ethics of journalism is one of the most well-defined branches of media ethics, primarily because it is frequently taught in schools of journalism. Journalistic ethics tends to dominate media ethics, sometimes almost to the exclusion of other areas.[1] Topics covered by journalism ethics include: * News manipulation. News can manipulate and be manipulated. Governments and corporations may attempt to manipulate news media; governments, for example, by censorship, and corporations by share ownership. The methods of manipulation are subtle and many. Manipulation may be voluntary or involuntary. Those being manipulated may not be aware of this. See: news propaganda. Photographers crowd around a starlet at the Cannes Film Festival. * Truth. Truth may conflict with many other values. * Public interest. Revelation of military secrets and other sensitive government information may be contrary to thepublic interest, even if it is true. However, public interest is not a term which is easy to define. * Privacy. Salacious details of the lives of public figures is a central content element in many media. Publication is not necessarily justified simply because the information is true. Privacy is also a right, and one which conflicts with free speech. See: paparazzi. * Fantasy. Fantasy is an element of entertainment, which is a legitimate goal of media content. Journalism may mix fantasy and...
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...increased awareness by company directors of the need to seek expert advice to help them align and incorporate high ethical standards with business strategy and integrate them across all operational functions. In recent years, the general public have become both better informed and more concerned about business ethics at home and in developing countries. As a result governments have been called on to legislate, and business leaders to innovate, to ensure that high ethical standards are put at the heart of business and industry. The field of integrity management aims to address: 1. The demand for companies to respond to increasing awareness of ethical misconduct and resulting expectations for transparency and accountability; 2. The requirement for companies to comply with a stricter legal framework and avoid prosecution for unethical behaviour; and, 3. The desire for executives to make their enterprises leaders in responsible and sustainable development. Contents * 1 Increased public awareness and expectations * 2 More stringent legal requirements * 3 Role of consultancies * 4 References * 5 External links | Increased public awareness and expectations Media attention given to ethical lapses means that companies are increasingly being held responsible for unethical behaviour including corruption, labour issues and the poor working conditions in their own...
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...bridges. The company’s headquarters is in Denver, Colorado, and has 16 field offices located in 11 states. The workforce includes heavy and light equipment operators, civil engineers, and project managers along with an administrative staff in the headquarters facility with support staff in each of the 16 field offices. The company has 2,300 year-round employees and will surge to an average of 4,500 employees during peak construction periods. Currently, XYZ Construction Inc. is a privately owned company that began as a family business in the 1950s. Ownership has decided to go public with XYZ. The job of Carlton LLC is to highlight key points in the Initial Public Offering. These key points will consist of marketing, management, business ethics, global dimensions, accounting, financial, economic, legal, information management, research, leadership, and business integration aspects of the company. Marketing for XYZ In the next 12 months we will be going through an Initial Public Offering (IPO). The purpose of an IPO, again, is to take the company public. An initial public offering (IPO) is the first time a company offers its shares for sale to general investors. The process is called “going public.” The shares are listed subsequently on a national securities exchange, for example, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). This method is used by small, medium and large companies to raise funds. The company receives all of the proceeds of the offering. The timing of an IPO is crucial...
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...The defense industry has come under scrutiny, because of its work with the war in Afghanistan, the battles here in the US, and defense spending. These days, people and businesses are influenced by social media, television, peer pressure, and these outlets can change the way a company functions or operates. Despite the best logical responses to certain social pressures, the defense industry actions will not please everyone, but it will provide the most basic sense of security we are all use to. A good example is the F-22 military aircraft was created to revolutionize the way we fight a war, so far the F-22 raptor program consists of 187 aircraft and cost 79 billion dollars($420 million per aircraft), but matched with a cheaper aircrafts in other countries. After a series of highly publicized mishaps (faulty oxygen systems and the death of Capt. Jeff Haney) and media pressure, the aircraft was grounded till the problems were fixed (Lee Farran, 2012). My employer, DynCorp International is one of these defense contractors, founded in 1946 as, Land Air Inc. and California Eastern Airways by World War II veterans. DynCorp began work directly with the US military as maintenance services technicians, then expanded to marine services and Acquisitions (logistics). DynCorp stance on ethics is there is zero tolerance of discrimination of age, race, gender, or sexual...
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...contractors insulate MNC's from being attacked? Would that practice offer MNC's a good defensive shield against charges of abuse of “their employees”? Answer: Human rights issues is one of the most important issues in this globalization era. There are no universal or International Standard of what is right or wrong because of the cultural differences among the countries. For example, some country appreciate child labor but some country has a strict law of child labor. So when a business organization conducts business in another country, they are trying to take advantage of that country. The reason for an organization to do business beyond the border is to maximize their profit. Sometimes some MNC does offshore or outsourcing to get the job done. So some MNC goes to the third world country to gain economies of scale. For example Apple Inc. Products are produced by a third party independent manufacturer Foxconn, which situated in China. They have some controversies about some unethical human rights issues which brings public attention. Even though Foxconn produce apple inc. products. But Apple Inc. Face any loss for that. So Yes, the use of third party independent contractors insulate MNC from being attacked by the customer for ethics. Yes, this practice would offer MNCs a good defensive...
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...corporate code of ethics, or (c) align itself with some of the universal covenants or compacts prepared by international agencies? Because corporate social responsibility is an important aspect to consider for MNC’s today, companies must comment on their positive actions to promote human rights so that consumers will think well of them. There are various ways companies can do so given the principles noted in the case. I believe that companies must convey their message in way that presents factual information and is truthful, unlike the alleged false and misleading statements argued by Marc Kasky. When choosing from the above options, I believe MNCs should construct a corporate code of ethics and align with international agencies. Some examples include U.N. Global Compact, The Global Reporting Initiative, and the social accountability “SA8000” standards. With these codes of ethics, MNCs need to maintain a certain level of social responsibility in the working environment and communities both domestically and overseas. By aligning with international agencies, MNCs can save time in doing research of what is right or wrong in any given region. In addition, the association with these international agencies will help MNCs convey their positive message of human rights and make consumers think well of them. 5. What does Nike’s continued financial success, in spite of the lawsuit, suggest about consumer’s reactions to negative publicity? Have American media and NGOs exaggerated...
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...Saipan a source of employment and income. As a poor, third world country, Saipan could not create enough jobs to sustain the livelihood of all its citizens, so it the citizens could choose between starving to death and making a difficult living in Gap’s sweatshops, the sweatshop is apparently a better option. Hence from the utilitarianism approach, Gap’s unethical behavior was actually better than its doing nothing at all. However, this decision gave Gap an international lawsuit over ethical treatment of labor, which does not cost Gap considerable fortune and energy, but also severely harmed its international reputation as an ethical player in the apparel industry (Smith, 2004). It turned out that the public citizens and the media prefer to use the Kantianism when viewing a corporate ethical issue (Iwanow and McEachem, 2005). After this Saipan sweatshop incident, the stakeholders of Gap Inc. placed huge pressure on the company management (Smith, 2004). As a result, Gap Inc. went through a thorough reflection on business ethics and corporate social responsibilities (CSR). Finally, the company made a decision to shift from the Utilitarianism approach to...
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