...Section 5 Introduction to Strategic Management Susan Scribner Section 5 ,QWURGX.WLRQ WR 6WUDWHJL. 0DQDJHPHQW Table of Contents Figure 5.1. Facets of Strategic Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Figure 5.2. Strategic Management of One Stage of the Policy Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 Table 5.1. Five Facets of Strategic Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 Annex 5-A. Strategic Planning and Strategic Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 Section 5 Introduction to Strategic Management Health policy reforms, even ones that have been approved, decreed, or signed into law, will not necessarily be implemented as intended without the impetus and guidance of policy champions. The policy process, as explained and diagrammed in the introduction to this toolkit (Section 1, especially Figure 1.1), includes the following stages: policy formulation and legitimation, constituency-building, resource mobilization, implementation design and organizational structuring, and progress and impact monitoring. However, proposed reforms are not likely to progress through these stages without someone managing or shepherding them. For those who want to participate in and further the process of health sector...
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...“Planning is bringing the future into the present so that you can do something about it now.” - Alan Lakein “Strategy is the long-term direction of an organisation” - Johnson, G., et al (2008) “Strategy is a pattern in a stream of decisions” - Mintzberg, H., (2007) Strategy is a term frequently used by businesses and these are just a few definitions for it. A more extensive one by Chandler (1963) is that strategy is ‘the determination of the long-run goals and objectives of an enterprise and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources necessary for carrying out these goals.’ Strategic planning has been used in the general business community since the mid-twentieth century. In the 1960s and 1970s top firms such as General Electric applied strategic planning, promoting the qualities of providing a framework beyond the 12-month period and a systematic approach to managing business units (Webster, Reif and Bracker 1989). Today’s companies have to deal with dynamic and uncertain environments. For businesses to be successful, it is crucial to set out a game plan to continually strengthen the performance of their organisation. Traditional strategic planning has been an essential and repeatedly used management tool for decades; however, questions about its relevancy and effectiveness in that role have persisted. This essay critically examines the debate that formal strategic planning (FSP)...
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...A primer in Entrepreneurship Prof. Dr. Ulrich Kaiser Institute for Strategy and Business Economics University of Zurich Spring semester 2008 Chapter 1: Introduction to Entrepreneurship Table of Contents I. II. Introduction to Entrepreneurship p p Changing Demographics of Entrepreneurs III. Entrepreneurship’s Importance IV. The Entrepreneurial Process University of Zurich ISU – Institute for Strategy and Business Economics Ulrich Kaiser A primer in Entrepreneurship Spring semester 2008 2 1 I. A. 1. 2. 3. Introduction to Entrepreneurship What is Entrepreneurship? “Entrepreneur” derives from the French words entre, meaning “between,” and p prendre, meaning “to take” , g Originally used to describe people who “take on the risk” between buyers and sellers or who “undertake” a task such as starting a new venture Inventors and entrepreneurs differ from one another: 1. 2. 4. Inventor creates something new Entrepreneur assembles and then integrates all resources needed to transform the invention into a viable business. needed to transform the invention into a viable business Entrepreneurship: process by which individuals pursue opportunities without regard to resources they currently control University of Zurich ISU – Institute for Strategy and Business Economics Ulrich Kaiser A primer in Entrepreneurship Spring semester 2008 3 I. A. 4. Introduction to Entrepreneurship What is Entrepreneurship? Established firms with an orientation to behave entrepreneurially practice ...
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...Water Partners? Financial Introduction Analysis Strategy Non-financial Financials Implementation Conclusion Urban Water Partners will generate a 7.5 times return on investment $1.7m 1600000 1400000 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 $0.2m 200000 0 Invested Introduction Analysis Proposed Strategy Financials Implementation Conclusion You will also gain non-financial benefits Introduction Analysis Strategy Financials Implementation Conclusion UWP business structure Blue Future Filter supply UWP Technicians Training & checks Fee • Governance • Management • Sales staff Lease filters Vendors Education Brand awareness Sale Customer Introduction Analysis Strategy Financials Implementation Conclusion Three key points of analysis Health awareness Introduction Analysis Trust based Strategy Financials Water distribution Implementation Conclusion Health awareness Widespread awareness of the dangers of contaminated water Current solution: charcoal boiling Ineffective, inefficient and often expensive Opportunity for better alternative to meet health concerns Introduction Analysis Strategy Financials Implementation Conclusion Trust based Customers must trust the purity of the water or they will not purchase Introduction Analysis Strategy Financials Implementation ...
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...acknowledgements PART 2 COMPETITIVE MARKET ANALYSIS CHAPTER 3 THE CHANGING MARKET ENVIRONMENT Recession-hit Aga trials green energy Introduction 3.1 A framework for macro-environmental analysis . 3.2 The economic and political environment 3.3 The social and cultural environment 3.4 The technological environment 3.5 Changes in marketing infrastructure and practices 3.6 New strategies for changing macroenvironments 3.7 The Five Forces model of industry competition 3.8 The product life cycle 3.9 Strategic groups 3.10 Industry evolution and forecasting 3.11 Environmental stability 3.12 SPACE analysis 3.13 The Advantage Matrix Summary Case study: Food group shifts strategy to volume growth PART1 MARKETING STRATEGY CHAPTER 1 MARKET-LED STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Puma gives the boot to cardboard shoeboxes . 4 Introduction 5 1.1 The marketing concept and market orientation 6 1.2 The resource-based view of marketing 12 14 1.3 Organisational stakeholders 1.4 Marketing fundamentals 19 1.5 The role of marketing in leading strategic management 23 Summary 25 Case study: Consumer trust sees John Lewis set retail pace 25 54 54 55 56 57 59 62 64 65 68 71 74 77 79 81 83 84 85 CHAPTER 2 STRATEGIC MARKETING PLANNING Asos founder turns to online homeware Introduction 2.1 Defining the business purpose or mission 2.2 The marketing strategy process 2.3 Establishing the core strategy 2.4 Creation of the competitive positioning 2.5 Implementation Summary Case study: iPhone 27 27 28 29 32 33 42 45 49 49 ...
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...VI. Marketing Strategy p .12 - 20 1. Product Strategy 2. Pricing strategy 3. Promotion strategy 4. Distribution strategy VII. Budgets p. 20 - 21 VIII. Controls p. 21 -22 IX. Executive Summary p. 23 - 24 X. References p. 24 I. Introduction What is LED light? With a view to creating a better quality of light and saving energy LED light has entered the light industry. Full form of LED is light emitting diode. The concept of LED is pretty simple. Like every other diodes, LED is made of semiconductor filled with impurities from Group IIIA and GROUP VA elements, creating a p-n junction. As electricity flows from the p part to the n part, holes from the p part meet the electrons from the n part. When the holes and electrons meet, they radiate energy. In LED, this energy is used as light. Electroluminescence, the basic concept of LED was discovered in 1907 by H J Round. But until 1968, LEDs were very costly and inefficient for commercial and personal use. The Monsanto Company was the first industry to mass produce LED lights for indicators in 1968. After that, there had been quite some developments in LED technology resulting in the efficiency to rise exponentially with a doubling... READ FULL DOCUMENT Introduction p. 3 II. Mission and objectives p. 4 III. Capabilities of our company p. 4 IV. Current Marketing Situation p. 5- 10 V. Positioning p. 10 - 11 VI. Marketing Strategy p .12 - 20 1. Product Strategy 2. Pricing strategy 3. Promotion strategy 4. Distribution...
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...Unit 3 Marketing P1 Introduction For this assignment I have been asked to do a report on………………………(say what you have been asked to do) The company I chose for this marketing report is kellogs and Nestle. I will first start off by writing about Kellogs. About Kellogs Kellogs is a …………………(Give history of Kellogs and background info) The types of products Kellogs produces are…..(make sure you mention the products kellogs produces and the general target market for these producst E.g. cereals – aimed at consumers aged 5 onwards, can you think of any other products?) Marketing strategies used by Kellogs Kellogs use a variety of marketing strategies. One of which is the growth strategy which can take many forma s as listed below.. 1. growth strategies (such as diversification, product development, market penetration or market development, Ansoff’s Matrix) I will write about the Growth strategies in greater detail. For Kellogs they use all the following strategies for growth. Growth strategies are: Market penetration – say what it is and how kellogs has used this for one of their products Market development -say what it is and how kellogs has used this for one of their products Product development - say what it is and how kellogs has used this for one of their products Diversification -say what it is and how kellogs has used this for one of their products About Nestle Nestle is a …………………(Give history of Nestle and background info) The types of products Kellogs...
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...\ eighth edition Global Business Today CharlesW. L Hill University of Washington McGraw-Hill Irwin contents PREFACE xiii PART ONE Chapter One Introduction 4 What Is Globalization? 6 The Globalization of Markets 6 The Globalization of Production 7 The Emergence of Global Institutions 9 Drivers of Globalization 11 Declining Trade and Investmen t Barriers 11 The Role of Technological Change 14 The Changing Demographics of the Global Economy 16 The Changing World Output and World Trade Picture 16 The Changing Foreign Direct Investment Picture 18 The Changing Nature of the Multinational Enterprise 19 The Changing World Order 22 The Global Economy of the Twenty-First Century 23 The Globalization Debate 24 Antiglobalization Protests 24 Globalization, Jobs, and Income 26 Globalization, Labor Policies, and the Environment 28 Globalization and,National Sovereignty 29 Globalization and the World's Poor 30 Managing in the Global Marketplace 31 Key Terms 33 Chapter Summary 33 Critical Thinking and Discussion Questions 34 Research Task 34 Closing Case: Legal Outsourcing 35 Introduction and Overview 2 Globalization 3 PART TWO Chapter Two Country Differences 36 National Differences in Political Economy 37 Opening Case: Ghana: An African Dynamo 37 Introduction 38 Political Systems 39 Collectivism and Individualism 39 Democracy and Totalitarianism 42 Economic Systems 44 Market Economy 44 Command Economy 45 Mixed Economy 45 Legal Systems 46 Different Legal Systems 46 Differences...
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...New-Product Development and Product Life-Cycle Strategies Based on: Philip Kotler et al., Principles of Marketing International Marketing Prof. Dr. Thomas Laukamm Objectives - Understand how companies find and develop newproduct ideas. - Learn the steps in the new-product development process. - Know the stages of the product life cycle. - Understand how marketing strategies change during the product’s life cycle. Fach, Dozent, Semester International Marketing Prof. Dr. Thomas Laukamm 1 Definition - New Product Development + Development of original products, product improvements, product modifications, and new brands through the firm’s own R & D efforts. Fach, Dozent, Semester International Marketing Prof. Dr. Thomas Laukamm 2 New Product Development Strategy - New products can be obtained via acquisition or development. - New products suffer from high failure rates. - Several reasons account for failure. Fach, Dozent, Semester International Marketing Prof. Dr. Thomas Laukamm 3 New Product Development Strategy - New Product Development Process: + Stage 1: Idea Generation • Internal idea sources: R&D • External idea sources: Customers, competitors, distributors, suppliers Fach, Dozent, Semester International Marketing Prof. Dr. Thomas Laukamm 4 New Product Development Strategy - New Product Development Process: + Stage 2: Idea Screening • Product development costs increase substantially in later...
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...About the Authors • PART ONE 39 BACKGROUND FOR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS 44 1 Globalization and International Business 45 49 44 CASE: The Global Playground Introduction 48 W h a t Is International Business7. The Forces Driving Globalization 50 Factors in Increased Globalization 51 What's Wrong with Globalization? 56 Threats to National Sovereignty 56 Economic Growth and Environmental Stress 57 Growing Income Inequality 57 s | Point ^J3ffi^S^^3 ' Offshoring Good Strategy? 58 Why Companies Engage in InternationaLBusiness Expanding Sales 60 , Acquiring Resources 60 Minimizing Risk 60 60 Modes of Operations in International Business Merchandise Exports and Imports 62 Service Exports and Imports 62 Investments 63 Types of International Organizations 63 Why International Business Differs from Domestic Business 64 Physical and Social Factors 65 The Competitive Environment 67 Looking to the Future: 61 Three Ways of Looking at Globalization 68 C A S E : Carnival Cruise Lines: Exploiting a Sea of Global Opportunity 69 74 Summary Key Terms 75 Endnotes 75 An Atlas 78 Map Index 86 Contents • 2 PART TWO COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORKS 90 91 90 The Cultural Environments Facing Business 94 95 C A S E : The Java Lounge—Adjusting to Saudi Arabian Culture Introduction The People Factor Cultural Awareness 96 97 A Little Learning Goes a Long Way The Nation as a Point of Reference How Cultures Form and Change The Idea of...
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...Marketing AC1.1 Introduction Definitions (any 3 authors) Compare and contrast above Discuss the role of the marketing in chosen organisations Conclusion AC1.3 Explain of strategy Role of strategies Different types of strategies (Co-operative) Characteristic of strategies Relationship between strategic marketing and cooperative strategy AC2.1 Explain what marketing models are examples (3 models) What is the value of above example? Conclusion AC2.2 Explain strategic positioning Indicate key factors that go into strategic positioning Explain how marketing tactics does helps in shaping the future of a company strategy AC2.3 Explain the term relationship marketing Explain the theory behind relationship marketing Discuss transactional/ relationship marketing Merits of the relationship marketing for chosen organisation Conclusion AC3.1 Marketing techniques (any 3) Market share Segmentation Targeting Positioning Mash Conclusion AC3.2 Introduction to marketing strategy options (What are the strategic options) Pick/Discuss examples of strategic options like focus, cost leadership, shell policy, Micher, innovations, market leaders Conclusion (Criteria for choosing a particular strategy) F feasibility S suitability A acceptability AC3.3 Create appropriate strategic marketing objectives/tactics for a market Introduction about objectives Example and types of objectives How can marketing tactics help your organisation to...
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...Innovation versus Speed Strategy The approach companies take in making strategic decisions regarding such critical aspects including their business model and value chain have direct implications on their ability to sustain themselves over time. The accumulated research shown by Dr. W. Chan Kim and Dr. Renee Mauborgne in their best selling book Blue Ocean Strategy (Kim & Mauborgne, 2005) illustrate that new, uncontested markets are created by the decisions companies make over time rather than high levels of research and development (R&D) spending or intensive mergers and acquisitions (M&A) to acquire patents. The differences between companies who rely on innovation-based strategies relative to those that rely on speed-based ones are most prevalent during the decision of when and how to launch new products. This specific decision is in fact quantified as the single greatest and profit-generating event in the analysis completed (Kim, Mauborgne, 2004). Apple dominates innovation-based decisions and often looks to completely redefine a given marketplace through the sequence of product and service innovations developed. This mindset and resulting decisions within Apple to pursue a strategy of innovation and the development of an entire ecosystem for digital content including iTunes, iPods, and iPhones/iTouch devices has created a platform the company capitalizes on with each product introduction (Jonash, Koehler, & Onassis, 2007). The decision of which features within...
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...Administration, 10 points. Authors:Akiko Yamamoto Alhagsvägen 48 145 59 Norsborg Stockholm Lin Hui Allmogeplasten 17 724 80 Västerås Tel.: 0762615846 Chen Bo Allmogeplasten 17 724 80 Västerås Tel.: 0736364876 Tel.: 0735054312 Tutor: Leif Sanner Title: Global introduction of new products – Case Study of Dell Problem: In order to survive in the tough competition, firms face the difficult and vital challenge which is to introduce a new product into a global market efficiently. Even though a product itself has a fine features and functions, failure on the introduction and marketing operation can result an unsuccessful product. Therefore, the manager must identify an optimal introduction strategy according to the conditions the firm faces. Purpose: There are two objectives for this study. First objective of this study is to investigate Dells’ operation regarding to global introduction of new products such as segmentation approach, its influence on the choice of introduction strategy and efficiency of the strategy itself. Second is to provide empirical framework in the field of global introduction of new product (the choice of waterfall or sprinkler strategy), which lacks in the earlier research and develop a deeper understanding. Method: We have conducted a qualitative research in order to provide inductive view of the relationship between theory and research, and develop deeper understanding of our empirical data. We have gathered both...
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...Ohio State University JOHN R. HOLLENBECK Michigan State University University of Wisconsin-Madison ) Cornell University McGraw-Hill Irwin ENT; Preface vi 1 Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage 2 Enter the World of Business: Starbucks: HR Practices Help Focus on the Brew, Weather the Recession, and Prepare for Growth 3 Introduction 4 What Responsibilities and Roles Do HR Departments Perform? 5 Strategic Role of the HRM Function 7 Demonstrating the Strategic Value of HR: HR Analytics and Evidence-Based HR 10 The HRM Profession: Positions, Education, and Competencies 11 Competitive Challenges Influencing Human Resource Management 14 Key Terms 61 Discussion Questions 61 Self-Assessment Exercise 62 Exercising Strategy 62 Managing People Skill Shortages Make It Difficult to Fill Positions and Customer Orders 63 Twitter Focus 64 Notes 64 Parti The Human Resource Environment 69 2 Strategic Human Resource Management 70 The Sustainability Challenge 14 Enter the World of Business: HP's New Strategy 71 Evidence-Based HR 24 Introduction 72 Competing through Sustainability Volunteerism and Going Green Are Reaping Dividends for Employees, Communities, and the Environment 30 What Is a Business Model? 72 GM's Attempt to Survive 73 What Is Strategic Management? 74 Components of the Strategic Management Process 75 Linkage between HRM and the Strategic Management Process 75 The Global Challenge...
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...Information & Instructions Pointers when writing up a "case" report 1. Write the introduction and conclusion AFTER responding to the questions. 2. The introduction should be one paragraph describing what your report will discuss. This is NOT an introduction to the company. 3. The conclusion should be a one paragraph summary (100 words) of your findings. No new points should be mentioned here. 4. Lead your responses by explaining the key terms. e.g. If you are asked about corporate strategies as they apply to a company, define "corporate strategy" - using your own words. Then indicate the strategy being used. Describe this type of strategy. Then, support your choice by using facts from either the case or your research. 5. Your responses to each question should be a minimum of 250 words (one page 11 pt. font, 1.5 spacing). 6. Your report should have the following elements: cover page, table of contents, introduction to your report, responses to each question, 100 word conclusion, and a reference page. Ensure you insert page numbers to align with your table of contents. 7. Each report must be submitted through Turn-it-in prior to handing in and include the Turnitin results. (Instruction available in the D2L course site.) 8. If you have any questions...please ask me! Case Assignment 1 USA Fashion Invasion Note: This is a group assignment and must be handed in as one document. You must have an introduction to your report (1-2 paragraphs describing what you will be discussing) and a...
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