...It-320 Inro to Telecom Chapter 5 Review page 136 1., What purpose does the OSI stack perform? The OSI model defines the way things should be done by the software and hardware on a network so that communications can take place between two computers or nodes. Although it doesn’t seem to perform anything. 3.What are the advantages of organizing the functions of the OSI module into layers? Just like anything else that is organized, if they are organized they will be easier to remember, to work with and to manage. 5.What function reside under the presentation layer? The Presentation layer is the 6th.The reside under the presentation layer-JPEG, MPEG & MIDI. Layer helps for the display. 7.What function reside under the transport layer? Transport layer functions that reside are TCP, UDP-RTP & NCP. At the Transport layer, TCP takes the segment de-fined by layer 5 amd adds a header containing the port number, error checking schemes, flow contorl checks and sequence numbers. 9. What functions reside under the data link layer? Data Link layer functions that reside are Ethernet, Frame Relay, ATM & HDLC. To my understanding is the connectivity protocols for the OS. 11. If you were asked to set up a routing protocol between five network routers, what layer or layers would you be working under? To set up a routing protocol between five network routers you would be working under layers and would use information from 4, 3, 2 &1. But mostly 3. 13. TCP and UDP...
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...Management Training Courses and Seminars http://www.tonex.com Telecommunications Certification - Certificate in Telecommunications Why should you choose TONEX for Telecommunications Certification? Certificate in Telecommunications Technology, Engineering and Management? Telecommunications Certification, Technology, Engineering and Management, a 8-week program, addresses the requirement of the communications industry for technical and management expertise and business skills. Telecommunications Certification provides telecom technical knowledge along with telecom management. skills: telecom planning, implementation, management of physical systems for voice, video, and data communications. Telecommunications Certification Objective: Provide a strong foundation in the technical aspects of telecommunications technologies Learn about Information and Communication Technology (ICTs) Industry Structures and Concepts Assess current and emerging telecommunications technologies including wireline, wireless, mobile and broadband Establish an understanding of telecommunications management Become proficient in the technical specifications of telecommunications technologies Evaluate alternative technologies for the fulfillment of communications needs Understand telecommunications trends for voice, data transfer,video and digital entertainment converge Telecommunications Certification optional courses include: Introduction to Telecom Networks 1/3 Tonex Training Technology and Management...
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... |Fundamentals of Networking | Copyright © 2013 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course provides a foundation in the basic telecommunications and networking technologies fundamental to the industry and to the broad field of telecommunications. Analog, digital, and radio frequency technologies are covered. Also covered in this course is an introduction to the OSI protocol model, network-switching systems, basics of wireless communications, and network security. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Goleniewski, L. (2007). Telecommunications essentials. (2nd ed.) Boston, MA: Pearson. Panko, R. R., & Panko, J. L. (2011). Business data networks and...
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...Differentiated Activities Supporting Activity: Introduction to Voice Telecommunications • Discuss the history and progression of the voice telecommunications industry. What are the current voice network standards? Communication is the way in which we connect. It has been around since the beginning of time with smoke signals, cave paintings to text messages, and video messages. Communication has revolutionized the way people connect and stay connected. Telecommunication is the science of communication over a long distance using telephone or radio technology.(Pearson.1) Telecommunications involves everything from radios, video communications, data, computers, telephones, and other devices. Telecommunication has evolved over the course of the history, however voice communication didn’t take off until the invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1878(Tele History). From then on came the radio communication in 1896. The telephone was finally revolutionized in the 1984 with the invention of the cellular phone. During the time of the cellular phone was being made, the internet was being transform for regular use with the send of the first email in 1974, it wasn’t long, 24 years later before it started to catch on with the introduction of the World Wide Web.(Tele History) During these time periods voice communication was being transition from rotary phone, to cell phones, smart phones, and now the future of IP, internet protocol. The current standards have moved...
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... In Nigeria, policy on adoption of Information and Communication Technologies was initiated in 1999, when the civilian regime came into power of government. The operations of the licensed telecommunication service providers in the country has created some well-felt macroeconomic effects in terms of job creation, faster delivery services, reduced transport costs, greater security and higher national output. This study intends to investigate the emerging roles of ICTs on Nigerian economy, and to evaluate the factors that influence the decisions of investors in the Nigerian telecommunications sector. Ordinary Least Square Method of Regression for the period 1999 – 2004, shall be employed. This period is considered appropriate in that, it was the time that policy on ICTs was adopted. The paucity of data prior to this time also poses restriction on meaningful econometric analysis. Significant and positive relationship between ICTs and economic growth is expected as it is portrayed in some economic literature. While telecommunication service providers receive commensurate profit on their investment efforts, the regulation from the government should ensure competitiveness. This strategy will increase the quality of the services offered, and possibly at cheaper price. Introduction Attempts to ensure sustainable economic development and...
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...from Livingstone through Lusaka to Copperbelt provinces. After the independence of Zambia in 1964, the country’s economy was based on socialistic principles until 1991. This means major that major business institutions and industries such as the mines, airlines, national railways, the post and the telecommunication were wholly or majority share owned by the government of the republic of Zambia. Therefore the Zambia Telecommunication company provided all telecommunication and postal services as a monopoly in the early years after Zambia attained independence. Liberalization of Zambian Economy In 1991, Zambia political terrain changed to a multiparty and democratic environment. The new government commanded a new liberalized economy where private participation in all spheres of the economy was to be maximized and government’s minimized and eventually phased out completely. In a major effort to liberalize the telecommunications industry, in 1994 the Zambian government passed the Telecommunications Act and Radio communications Act. This ushered a new era of private participation in the provision and operation of the telecommunication network and services. The Telecommunications Act also established the Communications Authority of Zambia (CAZ), whose main aim was to act as a regulator and as a neutral player in...
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...CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION TM, the new brand identity for Telekom Malaysia Berhad was launched on 14 April 2005 by the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Yang Amat Berhormat Dato’ Seri Abdullah Haji Ahmad Badawi. This new brand is not a mere cosmetic change. It encompasses a real change to the way TM provides its services. The main emphasis of this transformation is to instill a customer service oriented culture amongst employees and will be reinforced with improvement in the quality of customer service provider. TM’s vision is to be the Communications Company of choice – focused on delivering Exceptional Value to its customers and other stakeholders. While, TM’s mission are determined by being recognized as a leader in all markets which it served; a customer-focused organization that provides one-stop total solution; building enduring relationships based on trust with its customers and partners; generate shareholder value by seizing opportunities in Asia Pacific and other selected regional markets; and being the employer of choice that inspire performance excellence. TM’s principal activities are establishing, maintaining and providing telecommunications and related services, has become Malaysia’s Number One provider of information communication technologies and has achieved a sustainable growth in both local and international markets. CHAPTER 2 2.0 PROFILE 2.1 Historical Background Milestones over two centuries are as follows: 1874 The telephone makes its debut...
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...POSTAL AND TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES IN KANO STATE FROM THE COLONIAL TO THE CONTEMPORARY TIMES 1.Introduction: Prior to the advent of colonialism and colonial overlords in Nigeria, an indigenous system of communication was already well-established in the traditional Kingdoms. The royalty operated a postal system of relays on caravans of camels, horses and donkeys. The Alaafins of old Oyo Empire had Ilaris; the Emirs in the Hausa land had the Dagaris (plural) and the Tor Tivs of Tivland had Adugeri or Amashinja (plurals)- borrowed words from lexicon of the Hausa and the English languages respectively into the Tiv Language’s lexicon. These were the royaltys’ message bearers who conveyed important messages from one kingdom to another on behalf of the paramount rulers of the kingdoms. However, with the coming of the colonialists, the traditional mode of communication was relegated to the back-ground, following the introduction of the European modern modes of communication. 2.The European modern mode of communication: The Europeans introduced the postal and telecommunication services in Nigeria to facilitate communication between the colonialists and the home authorities in London; to promote trade, and to enhance colonial administration. 3.Introduction of Postal Communication services in Kano. Postal communication services in Kano date back to the 18th Century, following the construction of the railway line for the conveyance of raw materials from the hinterland to the Atlantic...
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...Introduction to Telecom Industry Sector Overview Telecommunication has now become one of the prime services which an economy needs for rapid growth, development and modernization of its various sectors. Government of Pakistan awarded status of industry to telecom sector in year 2003-04. Benefits that accrue to a declared industry are now available to Telecom Sector. Over the past two decades, the institutional and regulatory framework of the telecommunications industry has changed radically. In most of the countries, public telecommunication operators (PTOs) have been fully or partially privatized and regulations concerning access to telecommunication markets, provision of services to users and pricing mechanisms have been overhauled. Basic Telephony Pakistan telecommunications market for the fixed-line services was dominated by Pakistan Telecommunication Limited (PTCL). But now PTA has been given the role of a regulatory body and is responsible for implementing the telecom deregulation policy. For a long time, Pakistan lagged behind in the region as far as telecom access is concerned. With cellular mobile revolution taking place, Pakistan 's tele-density currently stands at 10.37%, with gross subscribers base of fixed (5.05 million) as well as mobile subscribers (10.54 million) touching 15.59 million for a population of 152.53 million. The government is taking Pakistan's telecom future seriously and has deregulated the sector. As a result, scores of new private entrants...
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...The Future Path of Malaysian Telecommunication Industry Introduction The era of the industrialization and information age has made the telecommunication industry expanded into diversified functionality to support the growth of technological advancement for better services demanded by any particular nation. In Malaysia, telecommunication industry is now considered to be prominent due to its contribution as a tool of technological support for the national development in line with the national aspirations. Hence, this paper will try to explore certain developmental features in the telecommunication industry that will portray the future path of such industry in the next coming century to "comfort" the nation as a whole through its available and possible services. Global Development of Telecommunication Industry There is no doubt that the developments of telecommunication industry and its technological infrastructure throughout the world have influenced the robust evolution of information industry. Thus, such phenomenon has contributed to the introduction of various newly sophisticated related technologies. In fact, telecommunication and information industries are very best described as "twin technology". In general, most people relate that telecommunication industry is a catalyst and the backbone for better services of broadcasting and communication services. Nowadays, especially in the most sophisticated information age, the industry also bares responsibility to create a global...
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...Bangladesh and investments in to its telecommunications industry over the last decade. TRE is segmented in to market entry, access to scarce resources, interconnection, tariff regulation and regulation of anti-competitive practices while investments are all non-divestiture foreign and domestic private and public investment. The TRE in Bangladesh is found to be wanting in all defined aspects. Interconnection is the worst of the five components, where a mobile only parallel network is being created due to regulatory ineffectiveness where almost ninety percent of mobile users do not have access to a fixed phone. Investments in to the fixed sector in Bangladesh dominated by the state owned virtual monopoly have been sorely inadequate and continue to be dictated by the funds availability [or lack thereof] of the Government. The mobile sector on the other hand has seen some amount of investments flowing in led by the widely acclaimed GrameenPhone. However, once standardized to compare across the region, it is found, even though using imperfect data to compare, that the reason for this flow could be the rub off of the attractiveness of the region and not necessarily the internal appeal of Bangladesh. In fact, there is circumstantial evidence to suggest that if the TRE in Bangladesh was better than what it is now the country would be able to benefit much more from the regional investment flows in to the sector. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 03 1.1 Objective 1...
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... Page I. INTRODUCTION. ......................................................................................... 1 II. CONVERGENCE OF TELEPHONY NETWORKS WITH DATA 3 NETWORKS AND THE EMERGENCE OF VOICE OVER INTERNET 5 PROTOCOL TECHNOLOGIES................................................................... III. ADVANTAGES AND POSSIBLE DISADVANTAGES OF VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL TECHNOLOGIES ............................... IV. COMPETITION AMONG TELECOMMUNICATIONS 8 COMPANIES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE UNITED NATIONS......................................................................................................... I. INTRODUCTION As part of its programme of work for 2006, the Joint Inspection Unit (JIU) conducted a review of selected telecommunications issues and uses of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technologies in United Nations system organizations. The objective of the review is to identify the opportunities for, and determine the feasibility of, using new telecommunication technologies based on VoIP in the United Nations system organizations, with a view to reducing costs and improving services. The review also analyses the coordination of telecommunication services and equipment procurement between...
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...analysis); integration considerations; the impact on the company's employees; and operational concerns (i.e., increased productivity/efficiency, short-term challenges versus long-term benefits) for management, technical staff, nontechnical staff, the company's customers and clients, and other business partners of your selected corporation. Second, contrast and compare the benefits of the emerging technology you chose with past successful or unsuccessful telecommunications technologies you have in place. To what extent should the corporation change its technology foundation? Include current information on how the technology works. If you believe this is the best choice for the corporation, provide your rationale. Please examine and discuss each element of this objective. The analysis (your final paper) will have at least six sections (or more) and be 10–15 pages in length. It will be double-spaced, with 12-point Times New Roman font. Your paper should include the following sections and topics (where appropriate). Introduction: Introduce and define the technology you plan on recommending to management. Summary of Technology/Problem Solution: A brief summary of the technology selected and the problem it solves or...
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...CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND CUSTOMER RETENTION OF TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES IN BANADIR REGION BY Open University of Malaysia CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND CUSTOMER RETENTION OF TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANIES IN BANADIR REGION Project Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of the degree of Master of Business Administration ABSTRACT After the collapse of the central government in Somalia, the telecommunication industry was almost dismantled in the period (1991-1993). Since 1993, the telecommunication industry in Somalia has grown many folds; new companies joined the market to reap the potentials of this growing industry. Companies worked hard to introduce more innovative products to satisfy, attract and retain customers. This study seeks to describe the relationship between customer satisfaction and customer retention of Hormud and Nationlink, mobile phone operators in Mogadishu, Somalia. The method used was descriptive correlation design. Customer satisfaction indicators were: price, call clarity, and value-added services. Customer retention is indicated by: intention to repurchase, positive word-of-mouth, and patience towards price. In the descriptive analysis section, customer retention was low on all aspects of: intention to repurchase, positive word of mouth, and patience towards price. The results also showed that customer...
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...analysis); integration considerations; the impact on the company's employees; and operational concerns (i.e., increased productivity/efficiency, short-term challenges versus long-term benefits) for management, technical staff, nontechnical staff, the company's customers and clients, and other business partners of your selected corporation. Second, contrast and compare the benefits of the emerging technology you chose with past successful or unsuccessful telecommunications technologies you have in place. To what extent should the corporation change its technology foundation? Include current information on how the technology works. If you believe this is the best choice for the corporation, provide your rationale. Please examine and discuss each element of this objective. The analysis (your final paper) will have at least six sections (or more) and be 10–15 pages in length. It will be double-spaced, with 12-point Times New Roman font. Your paper should include the following sections and topics (where appropriate). Introduction: Introduce and define the technology you plan on recommending to management. Summary of Technology/Problem Solution: A brief summary of the technology selected and the problem it solves or...
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