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Ip Addressing

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Class A
Class A network addresses have an 8-bit network-prefix with the highest order bit set to 0 and a seven-bit network number, followed by a 24-bit host-number. A maximum of 126 (27-2) /8 networks can be defined. 2 is subtracted because the /8 network 0.0.0.0 is reserved for use as the default route and the /8 network 127.0.0.0 has been reserved for the "loopback" function. Each /8 supports a maximum of 16,777,214 hosts per network. The host calculation requires that 2 is subtracted because the all-0s and all-1s host-numbers may not be assigned to individual hosts. Since the /8 address block contains 231 (2,147,483,648 ) individual addresses and the IPv4 address space contains a maximum of 232 (4,294,967,296) addresses, the /8 address space is 50% of the total IPv4 unicast address space.
Class B
Class B network addresses have a 16-bit network-prefix with the two highest order bits set to 1-0 and a 14-bit network number, followed by a 16-bit host-number. Class B networks are now referred to as"/16s" since they have a 16-bit network-prefix. A maximum of 16,384 (214) /16 networks can be defined with up to 65,534 (216-2) hosts per network. Since the entire /16 address block contains 230 (1,073,741,824) addresses, it represents 25% of the total IPv4 unicast address space.
Class C Each Class C network address has a 24-bit network-prefix with the three highest order bits set to 1-1-0 and a 21-bit network number, followed by an 8-bit host number. Class C networks are now referred to as "/24s" since they have a 24-bit network-prefix. A maximum of 2,097,152 (221) /24 networks can be defined with up to 254 (28-2) hosts per network. Since the entire /24 address block contains 229 (536,870,912) addresses, it represents 12.5% (or 1/8th) of the total IPv4 unicast address space.
Class D
Class D addresses have their leading four-bits set to 1-1-1-0 and are used to

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