...April 2013 Irish Immigration and Nativism Immigration to the United States has shaped our country from its founding to the present day. The United States went through a large agricultural and industrial expansion in the 19th century and with that came a large wave of immigration from Western Europe. During this time Ireland’s potato crop became diseased, causing widespread famine and the country went through a period called the Great Hunger. These two factors were instrumental in the almost 3.5 million Irish that immigrated to American between 1820 and 1880. The Irish met with much adversity when they arrived here. A wave of nativism toward their religion, and also poverty made life difficult in the beginning. The Irish had faced adversity and oppression before, but their solidarity along with their strength and religious beliefs made it possible for them to find a better life by striving for success economically, politically and socially. Irish immigrants arrived here with very little education or skill set and jobs were hard to find. They came from poverty so they had little money or resources to start a business. Many of them did not want to return to farming because of their experience in Ireland. Women found jobs as maids, cooks, nannies or factory workers. Because of the country’s large industrial expansion many of the male immigrants worked long hard hours building bridges, railroad and canals for very low wages. Americans were not happy the Irish were taking...
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...ETH/125 | Irish American Immigration | | | 6/12/2011 | | Though an Irish immigrants life in Ireland was cruel was cruel. Immigrating to America was not any better. Many immigrated to America to escape poverty, disease, and English oppression, they would face if they stayed in Ireland. They set out in masses on crowded ships called coffin ships, because they were the last resting place for many who crossed the Atlantic Ocean towards the land of prosperity. (yourirish.com) Once the immigrants stepped ashore they were pointed and laughed at because of their appearance. (Gavin, 2000) They would face segregation immediately, faced to live in slums of the major cities. Their living quarters of the immigrants would often consisting of a one room apartment, with no windows or ventilation, having to share a bathroom with other tenants, even worse were those who lived in cellars and shanties. (www. Kinsella.org) Being unfamiliar with plumbing and running water, the Irish immigrants were considered bad for the neighborhood. These conditions would breed sickness and early death. Immigrant workers would work any job available. This would cause United States citizens to have to fight for jobs. Racism would breed from this, local establishments would place signs in front of their businesses, and in local job postings, which stated, “No Irish Need Apply”, and some even would state “NO DOGS, NO BLACKS, AND NO IRISH”. (Gavin, 2000) The Irish people set out...
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...today. In result of a poor harvest and a depression with the trade of linen in Ireland, Irish immigrants began flooding into the United States of America starting as early as 1729. When the American Revolution ended an estimated four hundred thousand Irish immigrants were living in America. During the sixty years...
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...U52026 International Labour Markets ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- FIRST REPORT – 2013 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Submission 27/03/2013 Contents Page: Front Cover………………………………………………………….Page 1 Contents Page………………………………………………………Page 2 Questions...…………………………………………………………Page 3 Part One…………………………………………………………….Pages 4-9 Part Two…………………………………………………………….Pages 10-15 Bibliography……………………………………………………….Pages 16-21 Questions Country Case Study You are required to write a 2000 word report which provides a critical assessment of the labour market of a particular country. You will be allocated the country in the seminar in week 1. If you have not attended this seminar, then you need to consult the module leader to obtain the country you will cover. Part 1 of the report (worth 40% of the marks) requires you to provide a statistical profile of your allocated country’s labour market and present an overview of the most important trends and developments in this country’s labour market over the past decade. Part 2 of the report (worth 60% of the marks) requires you to provide a critical review of the particular situation in your country of NEETs – young people not in employment, education or training. Specifically, using appropriate...
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...I have chosen Dublin, Ireland as my destination choice. I chose this place because I’m part Irish and I’ve always wanted to visit. I think there would be many cool things to do and see in and around Dublin. “Celtic tribes arrived on the island between 600 and 150 B.C. Invasions by Norsemen that began in the late 8th century were finally ended when King Brian BORU defeated the Danes in 1014. English invasions began in the 12th century and set off more than seven centuries of Anglo-Irish struggle marked by fierce rebellions and harsh repressions. A failed 1916 Easter Monday Rebellion touched off several years of guerrilla warfare that in 1921 resulted in independence from the UK for 26 southern counties; six northern (Ulster) counties remained part of the UK. In 1949, Ireland withdrew from the British Commonwealth; it joined the European Community in 1973. Irish governments have sought the peaceful unification of Ireland and have cooperated with Britain against terrorist groups. A peace settlement for Northern Ireland is gradually being implemented despite some difficulties. In 2006, the Irish and British governments developed and began to implement the St. Andrews Agreement, building on the Good Friday Agreement approved in 1998.” Ireland is located in Western Europe, occupying five-sixths of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain. “Ireland has a mild, temperate climate with a mean annual temperature of around 50°F. Rain showers can occur at any...
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...The majority of the Irish were potato farmers. In October of 1845 a serious rotting issue began killing off the potato farms (Spartacus). Typhus broke out and killed many Irish families. The main item in the Irish people’s diet was the potatoes. Due to the agricultural disaster people died from famine if Typhus did not get them first. By 1846 an estimated 350,000 people died (Spartacus). In search of a better life nearly two million Irishman emigrated to the U.S. When the first group of approximately 6, ooo Irishman arrived in the U.S. they suffered from discrimination. According to the Irish American Historical Society (IAHS) there were two major ports of entry; New York and Boston. A majority of the immigrants were poverty stricken which caused them to remain in the port they arrived. The influx in immigrants strained the society’s economy and created hatred. The Irishman was credited for all the economic problems they were now facing. The Irish Americans started being viewed as dirty, lazy and stupid. Competition for housing and jobs grew rapidly. The competition and hatred developed in to discrimination towards the Irish. The new Irish arrivals started being victims of employment discrimination. The employment ads placed in the newspapers always ended with, “No Irish need apply” (IAHS). Restaurants and hotels started posting signs advising people that Irish were not permitted at their establishment. Since the Irish could not find work they were...
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...Victoria Vaughn Irish geneaology.com as well as irish roots site say that Cork is a irish name and that cork was settled by irish immigrants almost exclusively. The name, a transfer name is derived from County Cork in Ireland, and the impressive cork oats that grew in he area. County Cork is in the Southwest region in the province of Munster. IT is the third most populous county on the island of Ireland. There are three great rivers and is dominated by marshes and grasslands with woodlands.Surnames were Mc Carthy, Callaghan, and Mc Aulffie to name a few. The landscape that once started with huts by the sea, populated only at first by monks, rancheros and indians later turned into a bustling city with farms, villas and a huge cathedral dotted by many other littlechurches of differing christian faiths. The early settlers were well educated and came from wealthy backgrounds from the southern counties of Ireland. Different architectural stlyes reflect a long history in town, There is some mention of Danish vikings settling down south of Finbares monastary; and trading with the Gaelic/irish community. Germantown assosiative name. junction: as one might expect, it was populated mostly by german immigrants with small mention of french, english and high dutch. One of the landmarks is the Germantown academy, famous for medicine practices, but had applied sciences in general. Greasertown aka Petersberg: No longer inhabited was Located in Calvereas county, listed as one of...
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...American, Irish American, and English. The one I’ve decided to discuss for this paper would be Irish American. I am very proud of my Irish heritage. Millions of Irish people have immigrated to America since the 1800s. When Irish immigrants came over to America, a majority of them had little to nothing. They looked for work to start new lives in a new country. Irish immigrants were very hard laborers. Irish American’s were segregated immediately upon arrival to America. They were unwanted and clearly unwelcome. They were sent to “poor” area’s to reside in and were forced to live in area’s the size of a small bedroom with their entire families. They were ill a lot of the time due to sewage and poor ventilation to where they were residing. Many also had mental illnesses caused from alcohol problems. Irish Catholic’s was also a big issue to Irish immigration. American’s were worried that Irish Catholic immigrants would not be loyal to the Church of Rome. Irish Catholic’s were very stereo typed. People thought that all Irish Catholics were violent alcoholics and were all in Irish gangs. Although it didn’t help them much, many Irish American’s did turn to violence when being faced with severe discrimination. Like anything else being stereo typed, few people took the time to actually get to know Irish Catholics and assumed that they were all the same. Due to discrimination and prejudice, it was extremely hard for Irish American’s to start new lives and or continue forward. Irish American’s...
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...with the ethnic group known as the Irish American. The Irish have a story that includes famine, discrimination, immigration, religious discrimination, and finally triumph in the face of adversity. The Irish ancestry is almost impossible to trace due to the tragic circumstances in which millions of Irish immigrants were forced to escape to the United States. I have personal experience trying to trace my ancestry back to Ireland and every investigation has ended the same there were no records kept back that far back due to how most of the residents from Ireland not only got to the United States, but also because of the condition of most Irish immigrants once they landed in the United States. In 1800 the Union of Ireland Act united The Kingdom of Great Britain with the Kingdom of Ireland, in a short few years the Irish became impoverished and along with the religious prejudice of Protestant Masters to the Catholic Irish many had no choice to immigrate to the United States. In 1845, the great potato rot touched off a mass migration. The disaster eliminated the sole subsistence of millions of peasants, thrusting them over the edge of starvation. For five weary years, the crops remained undependable, and famine swept through the land. Untold thousands perished, and the survivors, destitute of hope, wished only to get away (Handlin, 1972). The United States would be the next step in the Irish story, although the trip would not be easy, many Irish paid $15 to board leaky boats that...
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...This week the reading and lecture material covered the immigration of the Irish and Jews. Chapter six covers the immigration of the Irish, and explains that the Irish people fled the English that were taking claim over their farms and crops. Many of the Irish came to America for the promise of a better life after the English took over, and others left their home countries after the Great Famine. The Great Famine was the potato famine that occurred in Ireland, it had caused one million people to die from hunger and sickness. Since the Irish, were not able to sell their potatoes for money, many were evicted from their homes. This caused one and a half million more Irish people to flee to America. Chapter eleven covers the immigration of the Jews...
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...practice? What is something you admire about this group’s people, lifestyle, or society? 1. The German Americans are the largest singles source of ancestry of individuals that are in the United States today. The German Americans settled in the United States in the late 1700’s, they came because of their religious dissenters such as the Amish who were attracted by the proclaiming of religious freedom. Even though the German Americans started coming in the late 1700’s it wasn’t until the 1830’s through 1890 the German immigrant population represented one quarter of the immigration. During World War I most of the German Americans distanced themselves away from their home land, by the ending of the twentieth century the animosity that was towards Germany fell distant. That is because of John F. Kennedy being in Berlin in 1963 and Ronald Reagan in 1987 and they both spoke of uniting Germany. Present days the immigration from Germany is between 5,00 and 10,00 annually. Some customs that the Germany Americans may practice still while in America would be their language. They would even continue to cook their dishes, and open up German bakery stores. Something that I admire of the German Americans would be that even though the Germans in their homeland did horrific things during World War I and World War II, they didn’t act upon it. They stayed true to themselves by being the German Americans they chose to be by coming to...
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...Ethnic Groups and Discrimination In the early years of America the Irish immigrant population in America were very much hated. As a result of this the Irish populations were subjected to many forms of discrimination. In order to understand the reason for the discrimination one must understand the reasoning for the hatred. It all started with what seems to be two basic factors that lead to the hatred. The population of America at this time was predominantly Protestant or non Catholic Europeans. The Irish were die hard Catholics that did not seem to agree with the religious views of the other Euro-Americans at this time. However the main reason for the hatred and discrimination of the Irish was due to their poor living conditions, and their willingness to work for low wages. (Immigration of the Irish) These low wages made it harder for the already established Protestants to continue to find jobs. Because of their willingness to work for low wages the Irish inadvertently put themselves into a situation where the upper class with all the power in society could create a dual labor market. This effetely put them in a position where they could be oppressed by forcing the Irish to stay in unskilled labor jobs with little pay. One such example of the oppressive jobs that the Irish we forced to work were the building of the nation’s canal and railroad systems. (Immigration of the Irish) The reason for this was that slavery of the black population early on was still...
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... Emigration picked up during the Cromwellian Civil War in Britain, as many Scots from both sides were transported to the American Colonies in the mid-1600’s. The Jacobite rebellions of 1715 and 1745 also saw numbers of Scotsmen transported to America, as did the Highland Clearances which came somewhat later. Scottish emigrants who had gone to Northern Ireland as colonists of the Ulster plantations in the first half of the 16th century also immigrated to America in the early 1700's. These people, who were referred to as the "Scotch-Irish" were by far the most numerous group of Scottish Colonists to come to America. Between 1715 and 1776 some 250,000 of them arrived, mainly in the Chesapeake Bay region, and settled all along the east coast, particularly in Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North and South Carolina and later in Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, and beyond. A second wave of Scottish immigration came during the late 1800's and most of these Scots settled in the northeastern U.S. in the larger industrial cities, and included such worthies as Andrew Carnegie and Alexander Graham Bell. (Craig Cockburn) Some were transported; they had no choice other than prison or execution, the reasons ranging from political prisoners of rebellions, to paupers, to petty thieves and criminals. Others came because of poverty. They had no hope of ever breaking out of their set place in the Class-system which existed in Britain, but in America...
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...| Irish American Ethnic Group and Discrimination | | University of Phoenix ETH/125 Elizabeth McBryde | In 1845, a fungus ruined Irish potato crops, which was the main source of food that kept peasants from starving in Ireland, and as disease and hunger spread throughout Ireland at least one million of Ireland’s people left in search of economic advancement, over half of which came to the United States (Peck, Ira). The Irish immigrants that came to the United States settled mainly in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia (Peck, Ira). Unfortunately, they were not greeted with welcome however, instead they, like many other immigrants to the United States, were met with discrimination, prejudice, and racism. Assimilation did not come easy for Irish immigrants despite their white skin and English language. Often, the only jobs available to them were hard, dirty, and dangerous positions such as coal mining and railroad work. As more and more Irish immigrated to the United States, American workers feared that the Irish, because of their cheap labor, would put them out of work (Peck, Ira). The Irish were treated in close resemblance to slaves. Forced to live in unsanitary conditions in urban slums by segregation, many Irish fell victim to epidemics that swept through their living...
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... intelligent, capitalistic, civilized and superior. Caliban was portrayed as savage, uneducated, sensual, and overall inferior to Prospero. The English believe the Irish and Africans mirror Caliban and use that concept to justify the treatment of those groups. The English categorize the Irish as wild, living outside of civilization, tribal, nomadic, brutish, uneducated about God, no etiquette, lazy, idle, barbarous, and beastly. They used this Caliban ideology of the Irish to forbid them from purchasing land, bearing office, being a part of a jury, and marrying any colonizers. The English even took it as far as using violence against the Irish to teach them obedience and duty. The English described Africans much like the Irish in that they were wicked, foul, Brutish, uncivilized, sensual, beastly, without God, lacked manners, and only capable of manual labor. The English use this ideology to justify enslaving, humiliating, torturing, suppressing, and verbally abusing Africans. By belittling and suppressing “the other,” the racial belief that anyone not of English/White Anglo Saxon Protestant descent was uncivilized, savage-like, and they required taming. Q2- Takaki: The Irish came from a caste system in Ireland. They were regarded as the lowest form of humanity. Before immigration to America, the Irish in Ireland were extremely...
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