...8/07/2013 1. Are you a leader, born or cultivated or both? How do you characterize your leadership traits based on the leadership profiles presented by Narayana Murthy and Rahul Khosla? In-born Leadership Traits | Leadership Style, Inspirational Style, Imagination, Self Invention, Self- Organization Style, Convincing power, Moral Commitments | I think the my leadership quality is generated from my inherent characters and the from the learning cultivated throughout my professional and personal life. | Cultivated Leadership Elements | Proper Behaviour, Setting up goals and purposes, Moral Sensitiveness, People Accountability, Understanding psychological drift of followers, Use of Leadership powers, Teamwork skills, Ethics of change | | Personal Leadership Traits based on N.Murthy Leadership Profile | Rewarding Meritocracy, Honesty and Loyalty, Encouraging Participative style of decision making, Having own clear Vision and Goal, Creating a Unified Goal for Followers and Leading them towards it, Offering value to customers, Unity among diversity | Essentially Mr Murthy’s style of leadership is more directed to Social commitment and Reward Oriented. This in-turn helps to groom up raw Talents and motivates them to be focused towards a common goal. | Personal Leadership Traits based on R.Khosla Leadership Profile | Personally inspired for better performance, Result driven by taking Calculated Risk, Clear Communication with all...
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...8/07/2013 1. Are you a leader, born or cultivated or both? How do you characterize your leadership traits based on the leadership profiles presented by Narayana Murthy and Rahul Khosla? In-born Leadership Traits | Leadership Style, Inspirational Style, Imagination, Self Invention, Self- Organization Style, Convincing power, Moral Commitments | I think the my leadership quality is generated from my inherent characters and the from the learning cultivated throughout my professional and personal life. | Cultivated Leadership Elements | Proper Behaviour, Setting up goals and purposes, Moral Sensitiveness, People Accountability, Understanding psychological drift of followers, Use of Leadership powers, Teamwork skills, Ethics of change | | Personal Leadership Traits based on N.Murthy Leadership Profile | Rewarding Meritocracy, Honesty and Loyalty, Encouraging Participative style of decision making, Having own clear Vision and Goal, Creating a Unified Goal for Followers and Leading them towards it, Offering value to customers, Unity among diversity | Essentially Mr Murthy’s style of leadership is more directed to Social commitment and Reward Oriented. This in-turn helps to groom up raw Talents and motivates them to be focused towards a common goal. | Personal Leadership Traits based on R.Khosla Leadership Profile | Personally inspired for better performance, Result driven by taking Calculated Risk, Clear Communication with all...
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...Stack Ranking: Brilliant Management or Inherent Absurdity Ray Johnson MGMT E-4000 Organizational Behavior 1 August 2012 Abstract Employee stack ranking is a performance measurement system that requires every manager to rank its employees from excellent to poor. Stack ranking was popularized by Jack Welch at General Electric in the 1980’s. Since that time it has become a popular management technique. The use of stack ranking has many demonstrated successes, but many managers and business analysts are beginning to questions its value to an organization. In this paper I will examine from a critical perspective both the good and bad aspects of stack ranking in an attempt to determine its long term viability as an organization behavior. Stack Ranking: Brilliant Management or Inherent Absurdity Introduction Stack ranking, sometimes referred to as forced distribution, is a popular performance measurement (appraisal) tool. The concept behind stack ranking is to rank all employees within a given statistical set, all first line supervisors for example, from best to worst. In its most common iterations managers rank, or stack, workers into one of the three groups. The highest performing 20% (sometimes 10%) are ranked as top performers. This top tier group of employees is considered to be the future leaders of the company. They are rewarded with bonuses, raises, promotions stock options and other perks. The middle 70% of the group are considered to be “solid”...
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...[1-1/(1+r)t] * Growing Perpetuity – G(C,r,g) = C/(r-g) C is initial cash flow, r is discount rate, g is growth rate * P/E = 1/(r-g) * High P-E multiple means the firm has good growth opportunities (high g), investments have low risk (low r), or both * Computing NPV – obtain the proper CF to use in the calculation * Rule: Determine all CF which will be realized if the project is taken. Subtract from this the CF that will be realized if the project is not taken. Result represents the CF impact of the project. The present discounted value of these incremental CF is the NPV of the project * CF = EBIT – Taxes + Depreciation – Capital Expenditures (CAPX) * EBIT (Earnings Before Interest & Taxes) = Revenues – Cost – Depreciation * EBIAT = EBIT * (1-TaxRate) * Taxes = CorpTaxRate * (Revenues – Costs – TaxShield) * FinalCF = SellingPrice – Taxes * NWC = Current Assets – Current Liabilities (change in NWC must = 0) * Projects of greater risk must have a higher discount rate as investors demand more return to compensate them for added risk * Risk Premium – the additional return above the riskless rate required for a particular investment based on the additional risk associated with it * Required Return: Ri = Rf + βi * (Rm - Rf) risk premium (how much extra return required to go from 0 to normal risk) * β: measure of risk inherent in investment (investment’s sensitivity to market). (0 = riskless, 1 = as risky as...
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...CASE STUDY # 1 & # 2 Chapter 4 – Risk Management In the 1970s, corporate and political campaign finance corruption was running rampant. The United State Securities and the Exchange commission and the United States Congress together ratified campaign finance law reforms and the 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. These two laws made it a criminal offense for any corporations or persons to be involved in global bribery and required all companies to implement internal control systems. In 1985, in response to these reforms 5 major private sector accounting associations together created The Committee Of Sponsoring Organizations, also referred to as COSO, to help sponsor the National Commission on Fraudulent Financial Reporting (Treadway Commission). The 5 associations included the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, American Accounting Association, Financial Executives International, Institute of Internal Auditors and the Institute of Management Accountants. The original chairman of COSO was James Treadway, which led to it being referred to as the Treadway Commission. This association was formed to inspect, analyze and make recommendations of fraudulent corporate financial reporting. Today this association is dedicated to providing thought leadership through the development of frameworks and guidance on enterprise risk management, internal control and fraud deterrence. COSO offers 5 key components to the Internal Control Framework: Control Environment, Risk...
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...never be the same again. Today, Starbucks has more than 15,756 stores 29% of them international. In every major city around the globe, there is bound to be a Starbucks, the cafe culture becoming as branded as McDonald's became for fast food Americana. Schultz built the Starbucks Empire by recruiting key specialists and talents in the field they represent. Starbucks is a semi-informal organization holding on to the functions of management as key at keeping efficiency. Starbucks was among the first to ensure that diversity as part of the corporate principle be put in place, sampling local population to ensure that for each store, they maintain a representative and an equal opportunity hiring policy for the local populace. In Corporate management, Starbuck's team is an ethnic collaboration with just about every ethnic group represented - Schultz hires with capacity in mind not racial or ethnic affiliations. Hence, he has instituted a corporate principle that had been in place because he began the chain. The company's code of ethics therefore is Kantian where whereas the company strives for results, which...
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...Janet Lever, Gail Zellman, and Stephen J. Hirschfeld, “Office Romance: Are the rules changing?” Reviewed by, Robert Nzioka, 09-0199, Feb 2010. The corporate world has for a long time been bedeviled by the issue of office romance. In addition to meeting corporate challenges, companies must effectively deal with the likely impasse posed by office romance. It is imperative that companies effectively rise up to these challenges posed by the controversies of office romance which they often view as a thorn in the flesh in order to guarantee their survival in a highly competitive environment. Lever, Zellman and Hirschfelds article “Office Romance: Are the rules changing?” is based on research done on office romance in American companies. The authors offer a pragmatic and cautionary view of the dangers of office romance and strive to offer solutions to the pitfalls of that can afflict companies if office romance is not handled in a professional and ethical manner. The authors are quite categorical that office romance cannot be completely eliminated. They point out through statistical information that office romance is a growing phenomenon that can be viewed as a double edged sword bearing potential dangers but also carrying inherent benefits for innovative companies. The authors’ tone is indeed cautionary and they attempt to offer solutions that comprehensively cover the crisis that is office romance. The title of the article is indeed telling of the fact that as much as companies...
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...1. Importance Of External Factors Affecting An Organization External factors have an immediate effect on an organizations planning. Marketing a product takes thorough planning. Managers organize ideas on where to market a product that provides benefits to other countries. Leading globalization can be difficult because other countries may not want to use a product they are unfamiliar with. Therefore, a thorough explanation of why a product would be beneficial in another country is very important (Moon, 2010). The cell phone for instance has brought forth much controversy. Rates, service areas for Internet, communication, contractual agreements, and a wide range of other issues have been broad topics for subscribers of cell phones. To control globalization, cell phone providers must have management teams that extend enough information about products to other countries to determine if the product is marketable around the globe (Moon, 2010). Information is organized through technology; via Internet so customers are better informed regarding price, and other vital information before purchasing. 1.2.the needs and Expectations of stakeholders in orchid The board of Piramal Healthcare has approved the spin-off of the New Chemical Entity (NCE) from Piramal Life Sciences, reports CNBC-TV18. The unit will then be merged with parent. According to the company filing with BSE, shareholders will be issued one fully paid up equity share of Rs 2 of parent Piramal Healthcare for every four...
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...economy environment will be discussed based on the national GDP growth and inflation rate; secondly, there is a discussion on the foreign exchange risks of Rutitania Crown against international currency; third, the issue of joining the Euro zone will be analyzed in terms of benefits and drawbacks; next, the taxation effect in the investment decision making will be accessed and finally there will be a discussion on the political environment. THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROJECT 2.1 The Relationship between National Economy and the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) The economic growth of the host nation has always had a positive relationship with the foreign direct investment decision making. The positive effect of host country economic growth on investment decision making has been supported by various studies (Ericsson and Irandoust, 2000; Dhakal, Kamal and Upadhyaya, 2007; Barrell and Pain, 1996; Grosse and Trevino, 1996; Taylor and Sarno, 1999; Trevino et al., 2002). Traditionally the economic growth of the host nation induces FDI inflow when FDI is seeking consumer markets, or when the economic growth leads to greater economies of scale and, increased cost efficiency of the project. The FDI is more likely to exist in healthy and open economies with steady growth. In addition, an earlier study by McGowan and Moeller (2011) has also argued that the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth of the nation in the long run. 2.2 The Implications for Ruritiania...
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...Japan has gradually started to open itself toward foreign investment in measured strides, its culture has nonetheless remained structurally rigid, and has posed yet another distinct challenge to the Western and evolving standards. And as many macro-corporations have been dismayed to discover, penetrating this market can be painstakingly difficult, impossible without first fully understanding the landscape and trends of its culture, as well as its social implications. The business practices of the Japanese are the offshoot of the culture. In Japan, when individuals join a firm they become part of the firm's family or community. Therefore, he is expected to become the embodiment of the spirit of the company. The employee dresses in corporate uniform and participates in group activities. A lot of the time life employment is the result, the loyalty of the employee is assured, and the firm becomes a stronger unit. The concern for the business as a whole is seen in the practice of consensus decision-making. The decisions made by the group are better than a decision made by a single person. A closer examination of decision making will show us many things about the function and conception of authority in Japan. If we take one of the papers that are constantly crossing an executive's desk we find that it has received several seal impressions. These seal impressions are a record of the journey of this paper from section to section. "This circulation of...
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...Lessons from the Enron Scandal On March 5, 2002, Kirk Hanson, executive director of the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, was interviewed about Enron by Atsushi Nakayama, a reporter for the Japanese newspaper Nikkei. Their Q & A appears below: Nakayama: What do you think are the most important lessons to be learned from the Enron scandal? Hanson: The Enron scandal is the most significant corporate collapse in the United States since the failure of many savings and loan banks during the 1980s. This scandal demonstrates the need for significant reforms in accounting and corporate governance in the United States, as well as for a close look at the ethical quality of the culture of business generally and of business corporations in the United States. N: Why did this happen? H: There are many causes of the Enron collapse. Among them are the conflict of interest between the two roles played by Arthur Andersen, as auditor but also as consultant to Enron; the lack of attention shown by members of the Enron board of directors to the off-books financial entities with which Enron did business; and the lack of truthfulness by management about the health of the company and its business operations. In some ways, the culture of Enron was the primary cause of the collapse. The senior executives believed Enron had to be the best at everything it did and that they had to protect their reputations and their compensation as the most successful executives in the U.S. When some of their...
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...article “The ‘‘real’’ success factors on projects” Cooke-Davies mentions 12 factors for ensuring the success of a project. Cooke-Davies differentiates between project success and project management success. He distinguishes success criteria which he describes as the benchmark to gauge success or failure and success factors which are management inputs that lead to project successes. In addition, he puts light on the existence of a relationship between project management and operations management before showing us how a successful project aligns with corporate success. On the other hand the NTCP is a part of adaptive project management approach that helps managers classify complex projects according to four dimensions namely novelty, technology, complexity, and pace. As per Cooke-Davies, project failure happens due to inadequate knowledge on the 12 critical factors while the NTCP model shows that whenever a project fails, there is always a mismatch between the risk profile of that project and the management style used to tackle it. Unlike Cooke-Davies, the diamond model goes beyond the Iron triangle of cost, time and quality and assigns the responsibility of attaining the metrics for project success solely on the manager thereby professing a unique style of management as required by that project. So at the start a manager must ask "What are the major sources of complexity and risk on this project?" and “What are the explicit steps or strategies to manage them?” Even having knowledge...
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...(plan for the future). And since the rate of change seems to be escalating, the importance of strategic planning continues to grow. In fact, the best-managed companies tend to engage in continuous strategic planning. Some organizations have intuitive thinkers who almost seem to see into the future. Therefore, strategic planning is a way of preparing for the future by attempting to simulate the future. LO1: Understand the processes of strategic planning. 1.1 “Strategic planning is the process by which members of an organization envision its future and develop the necessary procedures and operations to achieve that future.” [Pfeiffer, Goodstein, Nolan, 1986] and [Rothwell, 1989] Strategic planning is also “a process of defining the values, purpose, vision, mission, goals and objectives of an organization. Through the planning process, a jurisdiction or agency identifies the outcomes it wants to achieve through its programs and the specific means by which it intends to achieve these outcomes.” Strategic Planning can be: • A process for setting future directions • A means to reduce risk • A...
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...rights normally take second place, while national policies are provided first priority. Since patriotic symbols, flags and slogans can be seen everywhere, fascism encourages patriotism. The citizens will thereby be united so as to eliminate any perceived threat to the state. 3. Limits media Sometimes media are credited with reporting biased news that causes conflicts amongst the population. In the fascist system, the government has great control over mass media. There are very strict polices placed on media and the government typically does not desire to showcase its conflicts and problems on an international or national forum. This promotes peace in the society. 4. Economic growth Since fascism involves total authority of the nation with control of major parts of commerce, it can boost economic growth. A better economy benefits the citizens through enhancing their living standards. The drawback of fascism is that...
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...optimize the customer profitability and lifetime value. The majority of Rosewood customers do not know that they are staying at a Rosewood hotel or even recognize the Rosewood brand. The new CEO John Scott recognized that the Rosewood brand had log recognition and brand-wide usage among guests and was an untapped asset. To increase the company’s value, Rosewood needs to increase the profitability of the current and future customers. It needs to develop a way to enable consumers to get more knowledge on the fact that they can enjoy “A Sense of Place” Rosewood type of experience in different parts of the world. Rosewood had two options by which it could encourage its customers to use more than one Rosewood hotels: * Introduce a frequent-stay program * Create/adopt a corporate brand Market research has shown that the number of guests enrolled in frequent –stay programs(mostly point based)grew by nearly 12% in 2003 and such programs are believed to double repeat business. Creating Rosewood brand awareness would provide a platform for encouraging Rosewood customers who stay at one of Rosewood property to stay at some of the others. It would not only increase cross property use and attract new customers, but also increase joint marketing activities and ability to build new properties and grow. Nevertheless, corporate branding undercuts the distinctiveness of each individual branded hotel and potentially decreases the property value. Current Competition, Brand Identity and Competitive...
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