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1. Describe the earlier period. Your description should include the characteristics of the style, and social conditions that may have contributed to the advent of this style. Impressionism:

An organized exhibit by a group of artists that called themselves the Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors and Printmakers launched the movement known as Impressionism in Paris in the late 19th century approx. 1874-1882 (Samu, 2004). These artists (including Claude Monet, Pierre Auguste Renoir, Edouard Manet, Edgar Degas and Mary Cassatt) ignited a worldwide following; revolutionizing Western conceptions of art and painting. Thought to be a group by the general public and other artists, these painters were very much independent with diverse and varying artistic approaches, although they were unified in their disagreement and rejection of the Académie des Beaux-Arts (Academy of Fine Arts) (Samu, 2004). They were often criticized for their style of work which had a sketch like appearance and unfinished feel to them; although more progressive critics gave praise for their representation of modern life. The ‘subjects’ of their art were oft times commonplace using such settings as recreation and leisure, including landscapes as well. Quick and unstructured brushstrokes were used to portray fluctuation of light. They pursued typical moments in life instead of dramatic scenes, paying special attention to the effects of light and movement using bold color and space as captured by Gustave Caillebotte and Camille Pissarro among others during reconstruction of Paris after the Franco-Prussian War (Samu, 2004). Many impressionists were influenced by prints (i.e. Japanese wood block) and photography (adding perspectives like cropped and tilted). A new practice called “optical mixing” was developed by placing colors alongside each other on the canvas allowing them to be

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