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Reporting Statistics in APA Style
Dr. Jeffrey Kahn, Illinois State University
The following examples illustrate how to report statistics in the text of a research report. You will note that significance levels in journal articles--especially in tables--are often reported as either "p > .05," "p < .05," "p < .01," or "p < .001." APA style dictates reporting the exact p value within the text of a manuscript (unless the p value is less than .001).
Please pay attention to issues of italics and spacing. APA style is very precise about these. Also, with the exception of some p values, most statistics should be rounded to two decimal places.


Mean and Standard Deviation are most clearly presented in parentheses:
The sample as a whole was relatively young (M = 19.22, SD = 3.45).
The average age of students was 19.22 years (SD = 3.45). Percentages are also most clearly displayed in parentheses with no decimal places:
Nearly half (49%) of the sample was married. Chi-Square statistics are reported with degrees of freedom and sample size in parentheses, the Pearson chi-square value (rounded to two decimal places), and the significance level:
The percentage of participants that were married did not differ by gender, χ2(1, N = 90) = 0.89, p = .35. T Tests are reported like chi-squares, but only the degrees of freedom are in parentheses. Following that, report the t statistic (rounded to two decimal places) and the significance level.
There was a significant effect for gender, t(54) = 5.43, p < .001, with men receiving higher scores than women. ANOVAs (both one-way and two-way) are reported like the t test, but there are two degrees-of-freedom numbers to report. First report the between-groups degrees of freedom, then report the within-groups degrees of freedom (separated by a comma). After that report the F statistic (rounded off to two decimal places)

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