Free Essay

Jamaican Cinema

In: Film and Music

Submitted By slender
Words 2433
Pages 10
Ben May Film 1006: Post-War World Cinema 15/5/09

Critical Essay: Jamaican Cinema (focus – The Harder They Come (Perry Henzell, Jamaica, 1971)

‘Representing Jamaican culture on the screen, how The Harder They Come triggered the development of Jamaican cinema.’

The Harder They Come was the first movie made in Jamaica, directed by a Jamaican and with a Jamaican theme. The film opened the country’s eyes to the creation of film and the industry that surrounds it. It also gave the world (particularly the West) its first filmic taste of the cultural, social and historical issues of 20th century Jamaica. It was not only successful in the eyes of its audience but also in the eyes of film critics worldwide. Geoff Parker writes “Indisputably the greatest Jamaican film ever made, The Harder They Come is also one of the finest films yet made about the third world.” (2001). At first glance Perry Henzell appears to be using a narrative to document Jamaican roots Reggae music (especially that of Jimmy Cliff); but although The Harder They Come went a long way towards creating a huge global Reggae following the film had many other underlying issues. Even though most critics (Cham, Parker, Yearwood and others) discuss the film as the one that popularised Reggae music in the West it is the task here to illustrate that The Harder They Come brought Jamaican society and its culture into cinematic visibility. Cinema in Jamaica had only a western and predominantly Hollywood face until the release of The Harder They Come, but the meta-filmic self awareness of Henzell’s socially involved movie proved this was going to change. Jamaica as a country was in a relatively new social, political, and economical climate, its main export industries were changing from bananas and coffee to bauxite and alumina, and the country experienced a dramatic increase in tourism. In 1962 Jamaica was granted political independence. (Essix: 2009). According to Gladstone L. Yearwood “The Jamaican film The Harder They Come (1971) provides an excellent example of the way mythical consciousness influences narrative choices in cinema. The Harder They Come is the story of a mid – 20th century Jamaican folk hero Ivanhoe ‘Rhygin’ Martin, whose fight against the established order parallels the day-to-day struggle of society’s disenfranchised. In the film, Ivan is trapped between two worlds - the persistent poverty of Jamaica’s suffering underclass and an alluring metropolitan North American lifestyle.” (2000: 164). The plot of the film mirrored the political situation in Jamaica, striving to keep its cultural identity whilst trying to become a developed post independence, and post colonial nation. Henzell was clearly influenced by the Classical Hollywood western films, and these were the films that the early Jamaican theatres were screening. In The Harder They Come there is a scene of a trip to the cinema to watch a spaghetti western, recalling, (as the star Jimmy Cliff and friends comment) “the star never dies in the first reel”. This sequence is self aware and poignant, and is flashed back at the climax when Ivan (Cliff) gets found and killed. Henzell reaches out to world audiences and comments on his and Jamaica’s awareness of cinematic practice through this. This work bridges a gap, explaining more about Jamaica and advertising its new found creative practices. The fact that Jimmy Cliff (Ivan) plays a country boy heading to the city of Kingston to follow fame and fortune as a Reggae star, but in contrast is faced with poverty, betrayal and despair is a prophesy of the struggles that would be likely to face the budding film makers of Jamaica. Henzell comments on the impact the release of the film had on Jamaicans “In those days it was one big 1500 seat theatre. Outside, the crowd was so big that you could not see the end of it. There was a huge industrial chain link fence around the theatre and the crowd just flattened it. They broke the doors down. When there were three people in every seat, we ran the film.” (Quoted by Parker: 2001). This shows the huge impression the film had on the native people, but the popularity was not only limited to Kingston or even Jamaica. It went on to become a hugely successful film all around the globe, and gained a massive cult following. The Harder They Come covers many race issues. Perry Henzell, being a white Jamaican, was obviously aware of the traditional opinions towards race in his country, and was also aware of the same issues and opinions throughout the Hollywood industry in the 1960s and 1970s. Kenneth Harris writes about Ivan’s struggle with the law “The true source of conflict between him and them is a never seen white domination, particularly from the United States.” (Cham 1992: 212). In the scene when Ivan and his peers watch the Western at the cinema the only white face in the film appears. The hero of the Western is that face, his assailants are masked. This demonstrates Henzell’s informed but paradoxical opinion on Western and Hollywood cinema, playing on the stereotypical view of the ethnic minority being the antagonist, and showing that Ivan envisions himself in the place of the white protagonist. An example of the white domination is the record producer “Mr Hilton”, his name represents white America and his uncompromising control over Ivan’s music and the national music that gets released in Jamaica represents the control the West and Hollywood had over the film and music industries. The racial matter in the film provides evidence of how the world’s ideologies around the subject were changing and the success of The Harder They Come proved the culture in Jamaica needed to be embraced visually through cinema. Victoria M. Marshall comments on Henzell’s views that he represented on screen in ‘Ex- Iles’, “As a white Jamaican in a predominately Black country and socio-cultural environment, Henzell says he wants to face squarely the issues of racism and present them before people to address.” (1992: 102). This attitude is what made The Harder They Come so significant to the world and Jamaica, bridging a racial and filmic chasm that has lead to a new way in which third world cinema is held. Perry Henzell’s The Harder They Come proved his vast knowledge of Jamaican civilization, and also his understanding of narrative cinematic composition. The film was framed in a way which did not alienate Western and Hollywood film goers so it could be received in much the same way as the mainstream movies of the 1970s. This was an educated formula for Henzell to use that would explain the impression the movie made, combining classical narrative structure with a story about a struggle in a predominately black third world country. Yearwood discusses Henzell’s take on social hierarchy, “Without a doubt, the filmmaker offers no sympathies for social elites: they are seen as corrupt and oppressive. In turn, the film also offers no strong sympathies for the oppressed.” (2000: 182). This quote illuminates the middle ground that a director must find to make a film about life, reality is what Henzell found in The Harder They Come, and so did his audience. There were problems in Jamaica at the time of the film, and they needed to be put on the screen honestly. One factor in the absence of Jamaican film at the time of The Harder They Come (shot on 16mm film due to cost of 35mm) was lack of budget. Geoff Parker describes the economic situation of Jamaica in the 1970s, then quotes Henzell on his drive and determination and the love of the country that helped him make the movie which started the development of Jamaica’s film industry. “Although middle class and professional people left Jamaica in droves during the violence and economic chaos of the seventies, Henzell himself was never tempted to do so and remains optimistic about the resilience and potential of Jamaican society.”We have a tremendous tradition of freedom of expression. It’s one of the things that make Jamaica special. We’ve also had outspoken journalists, our radio talk shows are amazing. Jamaicans just feel free to express themselves.”” (2001). Jamaica had been used as a film location for 20 or more years before The Harder They Come, such films as 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954) and Dr No (1962) were both shot there. Since the cultural identity of Jamaica has been unveiled on screen by The Harder They Come there has been a dramatic increase in the number of films including Jamaican cultural references and using it as a location in the mainstream industry. For example Live and Let Die (1973), Papillion (1973), Cocktail (1988), Lord of the Flies (1990), Cool Runnings (1993), Wide Sargasso Sea (1993) and Legends of the Fall (1994) amongst others used the country as a location and some also included visions of Jamaican culture. (Film information found at www.jamaicans.com section titled, Jamaica and Film). The Jamaican film industry realised the potential of their country’s landscape and culture and so began to produce many of its own feature films such as Rockers (1978) directed and written by Ted Bafaloukos, a reggae based film clearly inspired by The Harder They Come that confidently portrayed Jamaican culture without the need of a traditional narrative structure. Followed by Children of Babylon (1980) directed by Lennie Little-White, Dancehall Queen (1997) and One Love (2003) directed by Rick Elgood and Donn Letts, and Third World Cop (1999) directed by Chris Browne. Stephanie Black also directed a documentary, Life and Debt (2001), looking at the effects of globalisation on Jamaican industry and agriculture. These films, although not all box office sensations, have helped to put a face on the emerging Jamaican film industry and brought money into the country. Thus increasing Jamaica’s potential budget for film production, far beyond that of The Harder They Come. At present Jamaica has a huge interest in film, the people felt that the nations cinematic triumphs proudly represent them and their culture. Thirty years on from the revolutionary The Harder They Come the industry is growing substantially, and now Jamaica hosts a number of film festivals and its own organisation known as ‘The Film Commission of Jamaica’ established 1984. The festivals include ‘The Flashpoint Film Festival’ started in 2004, a joint film and music celebration held in Negril that has grown into a three day event due to its success since it originated. ‘The Reggae Film Festival’ that started in 2008, hosted by the Jamaican Film Academy (JFA) in Kingston, which in 2009 and will be broadcast to 18 million viewers in Europe by Propellor TV. (www.jamaicans.com : 2009). Also representing the following of Jamaican cinema worldwide there are festivals that pay homage to the country’s filmic accomplishments such as ‘Fokus Jamaica’ held in Toronto, Canada in July 2008. (www.caribbeantales.ca/filmfestival : 2008). In conclusion, since the release of Jamaica’s first film, The Harder They Come in 1971 there has developed a modest but growing film industry. The evidence is conclusive that the success of Perry Henzell’s movie was what established this industry. Shot on 16mm film, with actors that had no previous experience and completed on a shoe string budget the film exceeded the expectations of the filmic world, in the eyes of critics, audience, and the director himself. It encapsulated the whole atmosphere of Jamaica and inspired future generations to continue following the path that Henzell started. With a soundtrack that introduced the world to Reggae music, and a star (Jimmy Cliff) that went on to become one of its frount-runners, the film did much for Jamaican arts as a whole; but above all it was the creator of Jamaican cinema and caused a revolution in Kingston that reverberated around the world. It showed a society itself on the screen for the first time, and the society embraced it. Jamaicans responded to the feelings of frustration and impotence in the film and related them to their lives. Without The Harder they Come or Perry Henzell Jamaica would have no film industry of its own.

Bibliography
CARRIBEAN.CA. ‘Fokus Jamaica (July 2008)’. [online]. Available at: www.caribbeantales.ca/filmfestival [accessed 11 May 2009].

CHAM, Mbye B. 1992. Ex-Isles: Essays on Caribbean Cinema. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

ESSIX, Donna. 2009. ‘Brief History of Jamaica’. [online]. Available at: http://www.jamaicans.com/info/brief.htm [accessed 11 May 2009].

HARRIS, Kenneth. 1992. ‘Sex Race Commodity and Film Fetishism in The Harder They Come’. In Mbye Cham [ed.] Ex-Isles: Essays on Caribbean Cinema. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

JAMAICANS.COM. 2009. ‘Jamaica and Film (28.02.09)’. [online]. Available at: http://.jamaicans.com/culture/articles_culture/jamaica-and-film.shtml [accessed 06 May 2009].

MARSHALL, Victoria M. 1992. ‘Filmmaking in Jamaica’. In Mbye Cham [ed.] Ex-Isles: Essays on Caribbean Cinema. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

PARKER, Geoff. 2001. ‘Perry Henzell: director of The Harder They Come’. [online]. Available at: http://www.reggaezine.co.uk/perryhenzell.html [accessed 06 May 2009].

SAMUELS, Stuart. 2005. ‘Midnight Movies: From the Margin to the Mainstream’ [video: DVD]. ITV, 27 March 2007.

THELWELL, Michael. 1992. ‘The Harder They Come: From Film to Novel’. In Mbye Cham [ed.] Ex-Isles: Essays on Caribbean Cinema. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

WARNER, Keith Q. 1992. ‘Film, Literature, and Identity’. In Mbye Cham [ed.] Ex-Isles: Essays on Caribbean Cinema. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

WYNTER, Sylvia. 1992. ‘Rethinking Aesthetics’. In Mbye Cham [ed.] Ex-Isles: Essays on Caribbean Cinema. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

YEARWOOD, Gladstone L. 2000. Black Film as a Signifying Practice. New Jersey: Africa World Press, Inc.

Filmography

BAFALOUKOS, Ted. 1978. Rockers [video: VHS]

BLACK, Stephanie. 2003. Life and Dept [video: DVD]

BROWNE, Chris. 1999. Third World Cop [video: DVD].

DONALDSON, Roger. 1988. Cocktail [video: DVD].

DUIGAN, John. 1993. Wide Sargasso Sea [video:DVD].

ELGOOD, Rick & LETTS, Don. 1997. Dancehall Queen [video: DVD].

ELGOOD, Rick & LETTS, Don. 2005. One Love [video: DVD].

FLEISCHER, Richard. 1954. 20000 Leagues Under The Sea [video:DVD].

HAMILTON, Guy. 1973. Live and Let Die [video: DVD].

LITTLE-WHITE, Lennie. 1980. Children of Babylon [video: DVD].

HENZELL, Perry. 1971. The Harder They Come [video: DVD].

HOOK, Harry. 1990. Lord of the Flies [video: DVD].

SCHAFFNER, Franklin J. Papillion [video: DVD].

TURTLELTAUB, Jon. 1993. Cool Runnings [video: DVD].

YOUNG, Terrence. 1962. Dr. No [video: DVD].

ZWICK, Edward. 1994. Legends of the Fall [video: DVD].

Similar Documents

Free Essay

A O Sba

...The Jamaican Maroons were runaway slaves who fought the British during the 18th century. When the British invaded Jamaica in 1655 the Spanish colonists fled leaving a large number of Africans who they had enslaved. | | Rather than be re-enslaved by the British, they escaped into the hilly, mountainous regions of the island, joining those who had previously escaped from the Spanish to live with the Taínos. They were very organized and knew the country well. Because of this, additional runaway slaves joined them. The two main Maroon groups were the Leeward and the Windward tribes, the former led by Cudjoe in Trelawny Town and the latter led by his sister Queen Nanny (and later by Quao). Over time, the Maroons came to control large areas of the Jamaican interior and they often moved down from the hills to raid the plantations. This resulted in the First Maroon War. In 1739-40 the British government in Jamaica came to an agreement with the Maroons. They were to remain in their five main towns Accompong, Trelawny Town, Moore Town, Scots Hall and Nanny Town, living under their own chief with a British supervisor. In exchange, they agreed not to harbour new runaway slaves, but rather to help catch them. They were paid a bounty for each returned slave. This last clause in the treaty naturally caused tension between the Maroons and the enslaved black population, although from time to time runaways from the plantations still found their way into Maroon settlements. ...

Words: 1050 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

R. E. Sba Guidelines

...the interview schedule and when were they collected? Formulating Questionnaires: Look at the aims and form questions based on these aims and all the questions must relate to the topic chosen. Summary of Findings This section should provide the information to cover your aims. For example if the aims are to discover: (1) What is the most important Rastafarian symbol? (2) How are these symbols used in the Rastafarian Movement? (3) How has the use of the Rastafarian symbols impacted on Jamaica? You would therefore have to provide information under the following headings for the summary of findings: * Important Rastafarian symbol * Rastafarian symbols and their purposes * The impact of the Rastafarian symbols on the Jamaican society. Simply put, the summary of findings is the information that is researched based on the aims. Analysis and Interpretation of Data In this section you can use diagrams to represent your findings or simply provide a description of their findings. Interpretation is to say in percentage how the respondents answered the questions. For example, the questionnaire asks: “What is the most important Rastafarian symbol?” Questionnaire results shows: Lion 60% Flag 5% Dreadlocks 25% You illustrate this on a chart and speak to each response, as demonstrated below....

Words: 581 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Market Entry Jamaica

...Canada. The distance from Nova Scotia to Jamaica is 3200km and can be reached by plane or ship. The currency in Jamaica is the Jamaican dollar, which by law has to be used when buying or selling goods and services. This law isn’t watched very closely and the US dollar is used throughout many purchases and is usually accepted. Culture English is Jamaica’s official language but they also have their own language called Patios or Creole. This is a combination of English and certain slang that comes from African languages. Most people in this country understand and can speak Creole but it’s not a written language. Jamaicans are very family oriented; they keep their family close and are supportive towards each other’s needs. They spend most of their time with family and try to maintain relationships the best they can. Their families are the most important thing to them. They stay close to family and friends and don’t have must trust or faith in people of authority. Even though they don’t have trust, the highest position of authority always makes the decisions. When meeting new people it’s usually through the recommendation of friends and family. A large part of Jamaicans lives is religion; they use it everyday while referencing it in their speech. They have the highest number of churches in the world and the most common religion is Christian. Jamaicans, as well as Canadians, also greet each other with a firm handshake. Since they are easily distrusted it takes time to have a...

Words: 455 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Fadfafds

...forces people to find a way to communicate, without using | |their own languages, stimulates the creation of a Creole language. In the case of Creole languages in the Caribbean, the | |"upheaval" is the past history of slavery. Most Creole languages are based on one language. In Jamaica the African slaves were | |thrown into a situation where the only common means of communication was English, or at least broken English, therefor Jamaican | |Creole has a majority of its roots in English (Sebba 1, 1996). Essential words which people could not find an English name for, | |such as people, things (like plants and animals) and activities (especially religious ones) were taken from a variety of West | |African languages. | |As a result of patois not being an official language, a name for the Jamaican dialect has not been settled to this day. Common | |names such as Jamaican, Jamaican Creole, Jamaican patwa or patois, Black English, broken English and even baby talk or slang are | |all used to describe...

Words: 1458 - Pages: 6

Free Essay

Toronto Mayor

...“Toronto Mayor Airs Bloody Cloths” is an article written by Carolyn Cooper and published in the Jamaica Gleaner on January 26, 2014. In this article the author persuasively argues that we are not capitalizing on the rich cultural values of the Jamaican Patois. The author begins by highlighting the infamous Mayor of Toronto Rob Ford whose cursing of two Jamaica expletives have gone viral. Cooper continues that as a result of this a producer from the Canadian media contact her for her expertise in defining the syntax of the language used by Ford. Cooper concluded that a wide section of the international media is intrigue with the use of our language by Ford, yet promoters of tourism, the creative industries and the elite of the society fail to see the value of our culture. The author’s thesis statement is “we don’t appreciate the value of our language as cultural capital”. Cooper uses a combination of cause and effect and spatial patterns writings in his attempt to persuade tourism promoters, the creative industries and the elite in the society, who are his intended audience. He highlighted that the cause of poverty is a lack of economic development. The description of the “home” of the man that he helped contains vivid imagery. While the author’s aim is to persuade he also intends to discredit this lady who has criticized him. He is angry at this lady. He doesn’t think she has the capacity to criticize him on economic issues. He uses simply diction whenever he is addressing...

Words: 418 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Process Analysis: Jamaica National Dish

...Jamaica National Dish Freshman Composition II Shawn C. Forrest Northern Caribbean University Ackee and salt fish has over the years become the national dish of Jamaica, although neither of the two main ingredients is of Jamaican origin. Ackee was brought to Jamaica from West Africa, but it is more widely eaten in Jamaica than anywhere else and as such it has become Jamaica National Fruit. It is an important part of the Jamaican culture; Jamaicans have a special recipe for preparing Ackee and saltfish which have been passed down throughout generations, it is very special to the natives of the island. Ackee is considered to be poisonous unless the pods open naturally on the tree. Salt fish is referred to as the flesh of the cod, it is fresh fish that is salt cured and dried until all the moisture is extracted. The saltfish that is used in the preparation of the national dish is mainly imported from overseas. The steps involed in preparing Ackee and Salt fish are preparation and cooking. Preparation is the first step in cooking Ackee and Salt fish. Preparation is a very important stage as it includes gathering all the essential ingredients that is required to make the dish delectable .To prepare the Ackee it should be removed from the pods cleaned wash and drain. Afterwards it should be place in boiling water and boil for about fifteen minutes or until tender, the water should be enough to cover the Ackee. As you continue drain and set aside the boiled Ackee. If using canned...

Words: 523 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

The Effects of Social Media on Education

...Medias to select from. While some operate one or two accounts, there are those with multiple social media accounts for example Facebook, Twitter, Tagged, Viber, Whatsapp and so on. These types of media serve many different purposes including the replacement of traditional news forms, keeping in contact with friends and family members and to promote businesses and social events. The reality of it all, however, is that everything has both advantages and disadvantages. In this case we examine the negative effects of social media on the use of Standard English in the Jamaican Classroom. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to emphasize the extent to which the use of social media has contributed to the inappropriate use of the Standard Jamaican English and the poor expression in written language among our Jamaican students. Jamaica has been described as a bilingual society with the Jamaican Creole (JC) and Standard Jamaican English (SJE) being the major and minor languages. However the problem being faced is that while our students have good mastery of the JC, it has become a difficult task to teach them how to use the SJE competently and appropriately. There is continuing concern about the unsatisfactory performance of many candidates in English language examinations at all levels, the inhibitions of many learners who are affected by the ambivalent attitude towards the use of...

Words: 1466 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Benefits of a Devalued Dollar

...Background The value of the Jamaican dollar as of mid-2009 climbed to J$89 to the US dollar and settled in that zone for some time before making some gains, returning to J$85 mark in 2010. Currently, the Jamaican dollar is at $121.61 and has been in a declining state since it appreciated in 2009. The primary costs of the falling dollar are higher prices for imported goods and for Jamaicans traveling abroad. On the other hand, the benefit of a weaker domestic currency makes imports more expensive, but this could act as a barrier against imports, thus improving the country's trade balance. Domestic-currency depreciation helps attract more foreign domestic investment. This is so because international companies would find it more attractive to establish businesses in Jamaica (Seaga, 2014). The primary benefit therefore, is increased price competitiveness of Jamaican products, both for exports abroad as well as in the domestic market. The country currently has an enormous trade deficit (importing more than it exports), which represents a significant drag on efforts to spur economic growth and create jobs, and has led to an accumulation of foreign debt that will have to be repaid in the future. Given this trade deficit, the benefits of greater international competitiveness prompted by the falling dollar greatly outweigh the costs. This dollar decline was due to the Government’s decision on October 23, 1983 to devalue the Jamaican dollar to J$3.15 to the US dollar. The local currency...

Words: 766 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Louise Bennett's Career

...Louise Simone Bennett-Coverley or Miss Lou, (7 September 1919 – 26 July 2006), was a Jamaican poet, folklorist, writer, and educator. Writing and performing her poems in Jamaican Patois or Creole, she was instrumental in having this "dialect" of the people given literary recognition in its own right Louise Bennett was born in [White Town, Jamaica], and attended Shite Prep and Calabar Elementary Schools, St. Simon’s College, Excelsior College, St. George's College Sixth Form Program and Friends College (Highgate, St Mary). On a British Council scholarship she attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, where she studied in the late 1940s. After graduating, she worked with repertory companies in Coventry, Huddersfield and Amersham, as well as in intimate revues all over England. Miss Lou was a good resident artiste and a teacher from 1945 to 1946 with the "Caribbean Carnival". She appeared in leading humorous roles in several Jamaican pantomimes and television shows. She travelled throughout the world promoting the culture of Jamaica through lectures and performances. Although her popularity was international, she enjoyed celebrity status in her native Jamaica, Canada and the United Kingdom. Her poetry has been published several times, most notably the volumes Jamaica Labrish (1966), Anancy and Miss Lou (1979). Her most influential recording is probably her 1954 rendition of the Jamaican traditional song "Day Dah Light", which was recorded by Harry Belafonte as "Day-O",...

Words: 297 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Authentic Ja Cuisine

...image and status. Since most of today's consumers, even those in the upper-income strata, are dollar- and value-conscious, price and value will be the key marketing concepts of this decade. Another recent change is the increased emphasis on creative, high-impact marketing promotions that generate restaurant traffic and increase guestroom occupancies. It is hard times but influencing consumer perception is critical for restaurants that not only sell food but also treats or snacks or beverages. Competition is fierce in this category; and innovation and marketing are paramount for survival. Even though customer traffic has slowed, consumers haven't stopped buying good food. 2.0 Situation Analysis Overview There is a lack of quality Jamaican restaurants in the Charlotte...

Words: 6831 - Pages: 28

Free Essay

Clean Energy

...How to make Jerk Chicken There is many ways to make jerk chicken. Jerk Chicken is a Jamaican dish that has become known worldwide. Over the years people have changed the way it is made to make it more convenient to their needs. Today I’m going to share with you the four easy steps to make it right in your own homes. Follow these four easy steps and in no time you will be eating Jerk Chicken like my native Jamaicans. Step one: you’re going to need the main ingredient, the chicken which is the most important part of the dish. Most people like to make jerk chicken with the breast of the chicken but the best part of the chicken to use is the tie area. Step two: the ingredients. One chopped onion, half a cup of chopped green onions, half a teaspoon dried of thyme, one teaspoon of salt, two teaspoons of sugar, one teaspoon of ground allspice, half a teaspoon of cinnamon, half a teaspoon of nutmeg, one teaspoon of black pepper, one habanero (very hot) or jalapeno (more mild). Make sure their chopped fine, two tablespoons of soy sauce, one tablespoon cider of vinegar, and last but not least one tablespoon of vegetable oil. Step two: combine all the ingredients in a food processor; make sure all ingredients are properly processed until a smooth puree is formed. Then put the chicken in a large bowl, and pour over the marinade. Mix the chicken with your hands making sure every piece is properly coated completely, covered and marinated over night in a refrigerator. Step three: after...

Words: 486 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

A Peaceful Day

...------------------------------------------------- A Peaceful day By: Alexas Melhado December 1, 2014 dr. dockins English 1101 December 1, 2014 dr. dockins English 1101 Woken up aggravated by the sounds of the early bird neighbors blowing the leaves off their lawn for their special evening guest; there’s so much work to be done. The large roast is already in the oven going on its second or third hour now. The leg quarters are being marinated in jerk sauce, thyme, beaten pimento grain, scallion, garlic, scotch bonnet peppers, Lawry, Adobo, and Old Bay seasoning. The jerk pork was cooked the day before. Mrs. is making a toxic combination of glaze and honey to smother the swine. . Mr. is cutting up okra, scotch bonnet peppers, and callaloo. Mrs. is piercing the swine with cloves and assembling the pineapples and cherries on it using toothpicks they cannot find. Using his fingers, Mr. pinches a blend of seasoning and smoothens it on to the outside and inside of the fish. Mama is in the kitchen quarreling about all the work she has to accomplish while she sits around the glass table and does absolutely nothing. She sits around the glass table too; peeling and dicing the yams trying to tone out Mama’s blistering voice. She helps Mrs. Stir flour, blended fruit, rum, browning, brown sugar, red wine, and eggs together for the mix. She reminds Mrs. to starts to prepare the rum punch for the guest. Idiot! How can you forget drinks with all this food to swallow? Mr., at last...

Words: 716 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Cineplex

...Company Background In 1979 Garth Drabinsky and Nathan Taylor formed Cineplex. From early on Cineplex saw itself as a niche player. They used small screens to show specialty movies and they employed this strategy not to challenge major chains, but to compliment them. Cineplex did well primarily because of their concept for carefully planned use of shared facilities. With this success they began to expand across Canada with a very rapid rate of expansion. During this expansion however they amassed a 21 million-dollar debt. Also, distributors became reluctant to supply Cineplex for fear of alienating the two largest Canadian chains. In 1983 to avoid bankruptcy, Cineplex reduced its debt by selling off some of its recently purchased assets. Darbinsky also took legal action to win back access to major releases. Son after this time he also purchased the Odeon chain so that he would be able to bid for early runs of movies. This gave Cineplex a major position in the industry. Through Darthbinsky’s relentless tactics Cineplex Odeon was the second largest motion picture chain with 1,800 screens in over 500 locations. Now that Darthinsky owned one of North America’s major theater chains he sought to change the movie going experience by changing the layout and atmosphere of the theaters to attract even more moviegoers. Drabinsky endeavored to use the size of his chain to obtain added clout with film studious and distributors. Drabinsky had no plans to slow his companies’ rapid pace of expansion...

Words: 1059 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Standardized Testing

...Case Study Movie Exhibition Industry - Research Papers - Kimsaline 10/9/12 2:01 AM Case Study Movie Exhibition Industry Strategic Analysis of Movie Exhibition Industry By: Kim Saline February 24, 2010 Objective: To provide an analysis and make recommendations to increase revenue in the movie exhibition industry. Overview: Ticket sales for movie theaters are at their lowest point since 1996. With the core demographic group expected to grow slower than the US population and with technological advances growing at speeds faster than the industry can keep up, ticket sales will continue to decline if the current business strategy continues to be followed. Concession sales and ticket sales are the two biggest sources of revenue for a movie theater. Both continue to increase in cost to the consumers and may have reached a price point that is starting to drive consumers away from going to see a movie. With the advancements in home entertainment systems consumers are investing thousands of dollars into their own home viewing systems. They have several options to stream video content into the comfort of their own homes. Theaters have implemented digital content and 3D but it’s not enough to keep up with the competition of technology. My analysis will give you information on the threat of competition from substitutes and the change in buyer behavior and demographics. I will use the five-forces model of competition and a SWOT analysis along with other sources of analysis. The information...

Words: 1681 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Jedda Essay

...Discuss how Charles Chauvel’s ‘Jedda’ is a product of, and placed within, the Australian film industry at the time of its production. (What was this period like and what influence did this period have on the selected film?) How might Aborigines find truer representation in Australian film and other popular cultural mediums? By Danielle Gold Charles Chauvel’s ‘Jedda,’ (1955) is a film firmly placed within the dominant ideology of its time, limited by the otherness of its chosen subject matter. As a medium of cultural production, film has a necessary relationship with the hegemony of its own culture; sometimes progressive and other times simply perpetuating. As a representation of the debate over the ethics and feasibility of assimilation, ‘Jedda’ reflects the failed premise of its time, the hierarchical approach to culture and civilization perpetuated by white Europeans. Despite this hamartia it has been applauded with “the only dignified Aboriginal male lead that has been allowed to exist in a film made by white directors in Australia,” (Johnson, 1987:48) what is certainly a progressive allowance (though the word is problematic). It has become evident that true representation of the Aborigine in Australian popular culture is dependent on undoing the dualistic understanding that establishes their otherness. Culture is a discourse of common iconography. Signifiers of language, appearance, values, history, cuisine, beliefs… are inscribed, developed and perpetuated...

Words: 2127 - Pages: 9