...1. Introduction Korea and Japan have close relationship ever since their ancient histories to this day. Because of this reason, their economic growth and development have similarities but on the other hand, due to their different characteristics, they also have differences. This paper will discuss some of the two countries’ major characteristics including geographic, social, and political characteristics and look at their histories and economies. 2. Geography Korea - Korea extends about 1,000 kilometers to the south from the northeast part of the Asian continent. It consists of the Korean Peninsula and over 3,400 islands. Since 1945, as a result of the WWII, Korea has been divided into North Korea, and South Korea. The total area is 221,607 square kilometers. South Korea owns 99,237 square kilometers and 45% of the total land, while North Korea owns 122,370 square kilometers, the remaining 55%. Korea is mostly consisted of mountain range with 70 percent. The Mountains Taebaek connects the full length of the east coast. Japan - Japan has four main islands - Honshu, Hokkaido, Shikoku, and Kyushu - and more than 3,000 small islands cover an area of 377,727 square kilometers. These islands extend over 3,000km in total length, and it spreads about 300km in width. Japan is covered with mountains about three-fourths of the national land. Mt. Fuji divides the center of Honshu with 3,000-meter high, the main island. Japan has around 200 volcanoes, among them about 60 volcanoes...
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...Country report South Korea – Electronic Yu Ming Lin Country Profile In February 1945 the end of World War II, Korean Peninsula divided into North and South Korea. South Korea also name Republic of Korea, 99,392 sq. km, has a population of almost 50 million, and has its capital at Seoul, the largest city in Korea. The second largest city is Busan, which is the country’s main port, has wonderful nature harbor beside the delta of Nakdong River. The major industrial prior 1948 was agriculture in Korea peninsula, South Korea was in a sever environment of economic. The war damage and the refugee from North Korea keep South Korea inflation and unemployment. Korea is full of mineral source, however, most minerals concentrated in the North such as gold, coal, ore, iron and graphite. There are some tungsten, amorphous graphite, coal, and iron in South Korea and the distribution percentage is North 80%~90% to South 10%. International trade Balance Of Payment The table above is the South Korea’s balance of payments account and this table can track the payments to and the receipts from other countries from 2006 to 2010. As we can see the current account surplus in all five years and it means that these five years South Korea exports more goods, services, and income than it imports. (Data from world databank) The Current Account In October 2011, South Korea’s current account surplus US4000 Million. South Korea’s growing economy relies on exports, and the most important exports...
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...Japan’s Export: A Business Opportunity Maria Griselda Dillet Marketing 4308 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Japan 5 Government and Politics 5 Foreign Relations 6 Economy 6 Imports and Export 7 Imports 8 Export 9 Business Opportunity 10 Making the Opportunity Work 13 Recommendations 14 Declaration 16 Works Cited 17 Executive Summary Japan is a country east of South Korea, China, Russia and North Korea. It consists of 6852 islands. The country’s authority is vested in the monarchy. There is an Emperor, who is a ceremonial figure. The country has two parliaments, i.e. the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors. Japan has strong foreign relations being a member of the APEC, G8 and ASEAN. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1956. It is the third in the world as far as the national economy is rated. Japan’s main imports are raw materials, fuels, machinery and equipment, textiles, chemicals and foodstuffs. Its main import partners are the United States, Saudi Arabia, European Union, China and United Arab Emirates. The country’s main exports are motor vehicles, office machinery, semiconductors, scientific and optical equipment and other electronic components. It exports products to the United States, European Union, South Korea, Hong Kong, China and Taiwan. The idea is to start a company and locate it in one of the African countries. This company will be involved...
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...How did the Cold War develop between 1944-53? 1947 – Truman Doctrine (March) Marshall Plan (June) 1948 – Communist regime established in Czechoslovakia (Feb) Berlin blockade begins (June) US relationship with Europe after WWII: * Truman was under pressure to adopt a more hard-line approach towards communism following Kennan’s Telegram and Churchill’s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech and the threat of communist takeover in Greece. * No suggestion that the US envisaged any long-term military or political entanglement in Europe beyond the time it took to establish political and economic reconstruction there. * Each side regarded the other as a threat to national security and being expansionist and a global strategic threat. * By September 1946 the emergence of the Cold War was seemingly irreversible. Why Truman introduced his Doctrine (first step containment?) * Keep the SU from aiding the Greek communist movement * Protect democracy and freedom in response to Soviet aggression and ideological expansionism in Eastern Europe * Demonise SU and Communism * Threaten and provoke USSR * Truman wanted a Cold War because that would justify the US’s role as a defender of the freedom and function as world power * Develop the US’s global economic power – if the US is protector, other sates would be militarily and economically dependent of the US – close trade relations. Truman emphasised in his doctrine the differences between Capitalism...
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...Introduction South Korea’s history, strategic location, and political relations in the past and today, have created an economy which is one of the strongest in Southeast Asia. “According to the World Bank, in the last 30 years, South Korea’s economy is one of the most outstanding success stories in international development.” (Globaled, p.1). Dating from the Japanese occupation of South Korea , from 1910 thru 1946, then the division of the peninsula enforced by the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics after Japan’s unconditional surrender during WWII; the Republic of Korea (ROK) had gone throughout drastic changes in its social, economic, and political structure, but in the 1960s, under the regime of Park Chung Hee, the Korean government implemented measures to increase export and decrease the import of foreign goods and at the same time nationalized banks, and persecuted South Korean business leaders for profiting from the corruption in the South Korean government. During this period South Korea woke up to a dawn of industrial revolution that changed the economic future of the Peninsula. Park started what would take the ROK from a agricultural economy, to one of the world’s largest economies. Although the Japanese government had put in place some infrastructure to developed the Korean Peninsula during the Japanese occupation from 1890’s to 1945, these infrastructures were solely for Japan benefit. “Many economists think it...
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...Paper, I will be discussing the role of Japan in WWII as well as the short term and long term consequences of said role. Today Japan and the United States are close allies, but from 1941 and 1945, they fought a bitter and bloody war-Why did they fight this war? The answer to that question, from the American perspective is simple: the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. The Americans were angry at the Japanese for their invasions of first Manchuria (1931), then China (1937), and later French Indochina (1940). After the Japanese moved into Indochina, President Roosevelt ordered a trade embargo on American scrap steel and oil, on which the Japanese military depended. But the American people felt that Asia was far away, and a large majority of voters did not want to go to war to stop Japan. The surprise attack on the Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 changed this, outraging was the prevailing sentiment among Americans, along with a pretty unanimous belief that it was time to go to war with Japan. Why did Japan decide to attack the United States? This question is a little bit more complicated. Japan was fully aware of the fact that the United States was economically and militarily powerful, but it was not afraid of any American attack on its islands. Japan did worry however, that the Americans might help the Chinese resist the Japanese invasion of their country. When President Roosevelt stopped U.S. shipments of steel and oil the Japan, he was doing exactly this: the Japanese...
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...Currency declines spread rapidly throughout South Asia, in turn causing stock market declines, reduced import revenues and even government upheaval. Although the economic storm that swept through Asian in 1997 has now declined, the wreckage left in its wake has undoubtedly take years to repair. By indulging in a debt spree that ultimately bought its high flying economies crashing to the ground, Asia may have lost a decade of economic progress. Beyond this, however, the crisis has raised a series of fundamental policy questions about the sustainability of the so called Asian Economic Model, the role of the IMF, and the virtues of floating and fixed exchange rates. The crisis also has important implications for international businesses. For a decade, the Asian Pacific region has been promoted by many as the future economic engine of the world economy. Businesses have invested billions of dollars in the region on the assumption that the rapid growth of the last decade would continue. But at the dawn of the aforementioned crisis, it has come grinding to a halt. So what could this mean for international businesses with a stake in the region, and for those that compete against Asian companies? Back in the late 1980s and early 1990s a number of authors were writing articles about the superiority of the Asian Economic Model or Asian Capitalism. According to its advocates, the countries of the Asian Pacific region, as exemplified by Japan and South Korea, had put together the institutions of...
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...China, Siberia (now part of the Russian Federation), and the islands of Japan. Because of the complex, shifting, and historic relations between these areas, as well as relations with other places such at the United Sates in more recent times, the history of Korea has been told in many ways and is still the subject of hot debate both inside and outside the Koreas. North and South Korea have different versions of the peninsula’s history, both of which differ in detail and perspective from histories written in China, Japan, Russia, and the USA. The following sections, which attempt to outline the history in a balanced way, are based on a variety of materials, including lectures attended in a special workshop on Korean culture at Korea University in the summer of 1997. Map of Korea The overall pattern of development in the history of the Korean peninsula is a process that begins with an unknown number of early tribal groups that populate the peninsula in prehistoric times, wandering out of Siberia and areas to the west. Over time, some of these groups form more complex societies that eventually result in early kingdoms that grow up on the peninsula; in some cases extending westwards into what is now Chinese territory. As time and events unfolded, these kingdoms were unified, though the borders and degree of unity have continued to change over time—down to today. Besides the obvious split between North and South Korea, cultural differences (including dialect, food, and local identity)...
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...UBurger Goes to China UBurger is a fast-casual food chain that is committed to serving fresh high quality products to a discerning populace. They specialize in a selection of burgers topped with fresh produce and sauces with three choices of protein - beef, chicken, and vegetarian patties. In addition to their staple burgers, they also serve french fries and milkshakes. We would like to take UBurger to Shanghai, China to profit from the market for American fast food which has emerged in the industrialized country. UBurger is not the first to follow down this path; many others such as McDonald’s and YUM! Brands have done the same. We feel that these other brands have left an opportunity for a healthier line of food to strive. Given that UBurger does not have the same network of international support as these other brands, a joint-venture would be the best mode of entry to this new market. Real Kung Fu - China’s largest fast food restaurant - would become partners with UBurger in this new venture. As the UBurger Brand grows, we will open additional stores across the nation. Within three years, we will have opened a new location in Beijing and then spread out from there, eventually opening locations in the capitals of all of China’s provinces. UBurger serves signature burgers that are topped with a variety of fresh produce and sauces in its fast-casual food chain locations. The addition of and attention to this produce and these sauces creates separation from traditional fast...
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...KOREA Managing International Cultural Differences Fall 2010 Introduction The Republic of Korea, also known as simply South Korea or even just Korea has an extremely long, rich, and varied history. Some Korean mythology has the origins of Korea dating as far back as 2333 B.C. The first settlements occurred 700,000 years ago. The Goguryeo kingdom prospered from 37 B.C. until they fell to an alliance of Silla and Tang forces in 668 A.D. The Unified Silla Kingdom promoted development of culture and arts, and the popularity of Buddhism reached its peak from 676 – 935 A.D. The Goryeo Dynasty was established in 918. Buddhism became the state religion during this time and greatly influenced politics and culture. The Goryeo Dynasty’s strength decreased gradually in the latter half of the 14th century. The Joseon Dynasty was formed at the end of the 14th century and during this time Confucianism became the state ideology. The Joseon Dynasty produced the Korean alphabet, which was invented in 1443. Their power declined because of the Japanese invasion of 1592. The Japanese annexed Korea in 1910 and the Korean people suffered under their rule until Japan surrendered in 1945 to the United States of America which ended World War II. The economic and business industry continued to develop and change throughout this long period of history in which Korea was alternately controlled, occupied, unified, invaded, at war, at peace and at a cease fire by and with various other...
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...Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart’s slogan “Saving people money so they can live a better life” is what Wal-Mart’s business model is all about. Selling thousands of quality merchandise to low-income consumers at extremely low prices has been responsible for their success in the United States. Achieving success domestically is quite different from succeeding internationally. Doing business globally requires different business models. For a successful transition into the global environment, each business model must be designed to adhere to the preference or norms of each individual country. Both Wal-Mart and Ikea realized that success in the global market goes beyond offering low priced items when they moved into the global market. Its failure in Germany and South Korea made them realize that culture is a factor that must be considered when operating in international In this paper I will also look at some the factors affecting Wal-Mart and based on my opinion offer recommendations. Some of the factors that will be discussed are limited to governmental, economic, social and cultural factors. Introduction Globalization has been the corner stone of most large businesses around the world....
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...AN INTERNATIONAL COUNTRY CASE STUDY OF SOUTH KOREA [pic] PREPARED BY INTERNATIONAL TRADE & ECON 470 Table of Contents Introduction 1 International Trade Theory 3 Revealed Comparative Advantage 3 Resource Endowments 3 RCA VS Technology Resource Endowments 6 Implication 3 International Trade Policy 4 Tariff Policy 5 Government Corruption & International Trade Policy 6 Implication 3 International Monetary System 1 Balance of Payment 3 Currency Value 3 Implication 1 Conclusion 1 Suggestions for Further Research 3 Work Cited 5 APPENDIX Figure 1.1 1 Figure 1.2 1 Figure 2.1 1 Figure 2.2 1 Figure 3.1 1 Figure 3.2 1 Figure 4.1 1 Figure 4.2 1 Figure 5.1 1 Figure 5.2 1 Introduction Overview of South Korea South Korea is formally known as the republic of Korea is a country in East Asia. The country covers a land area of 99,392 Km square and a population of 49.3 million. The country constitutes the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. South Korea is a developed nation ranked at position fifteen. In terms of education, the country is not left behind as it ranks highly in terms of providing high quality education to its citizens. Proper and quality healthcare facilities are also available in the country. South Korea is my country of choice because I got attracted by the efforts the country has put into place to grow from the world poorest country to be among...
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...papermaking The invention of paper greatly contributed to the spread and development of civilization. Before its invention, bones, tortoise shells, and bamboo slips were all used as writing surfaces, but as Chinese civilization developed they proved themselves unsuitable because of their bulk and weight. Hemp fiber and silk were used to make paper but the quality was far from satisfactory. Besides, these two materials could be better used for other purposes so it was not practical to make paper from them. Xue fu wu che is a Chinese idiom describing a learned man. The story behind it concerns a scholar named Hui Shi who lived during the Warring States Period. He needed five carts to carry his books when he traveled around teaching. Books at that time were made of wood or bamboo slips so they were heavy and occupied a lot of space. Reading at the time needed not only brainwork but also physical strength. In 105 A.D. Cai Lun, a eunuch during the Eastern Han Dynasty, invented paper from worn fishnet, bark and cloth. These raw materials could be easily found at a much lower cost so large quantities of paper could be produced. The making technique was exported to Korea in 384 A.D. A Korean Monk then took this skill with him to Japan in 610 A.D. During a war between the Tang Dynasty and the Arab Empire, the Arabs captured some Tang soldiers and paper making workers. Thus, a paper factory was set up by the Arabs. In the 11th Century the skill was carried to India when Chinese...
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...applied to describe two main types of national businesses that existing in developed and developing countries, which explains the key institutional and organizational differences among countries in particular to some extend. Each country has fallowed different pathway and carried out their industrialization in different period. It is known that the UK is the first country that achieved early industrialization revolution, which was followed by the US. And then in the late twentieth century, Germany, Japan and China implemented their industrialization process with dramatic change on their economic performance. The purpose of this essay is to use the conception of ‘early’ and ‘late’ industrialization to explain the key institutional and organizational characteristics of national business systems by comparative perspective. First of all, the theories of industrialization will be displayed. Then this paper will concentrate on five main comparative countries, which are United States, Japan, Britain, Germany and China, to clarify major differences of national business systems. Moreover, further implications and debates upon these countries long-term national competitiveness will be given to assess the...
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...HISTORY SUMMARY 1865-19901865-1900In the years following the Civil War the United States was transformed by the enormous growth of industry. Once, the United States was mainly a nation of small farms. By 1900, it was a nation of growing cities, of coal, steel, and of engines and fast communications. Though living standards generally rose, millions of industrial workers lived in crowded, unsanitary slums.In the north, industrial violence was common and occurred on numerous occasions. The most violent confrontation between labor and employers was probably the Great Railway Strike of 1877. The nation had been in the grip of a severe depression for four years. During that time, the railroads had decreased the wages of railway workers by 20 percent. Many trainmen complained that they could not support their families adequately, and there was little that the trainmen could do about the wage decreases. At that time, unions were weak and workers feared going on strike; there were too many unemployed men who might take their jobs. Some workers secretly formed a Trainmen's Union to oppose the railroads. In the last quarter of the century, the textile, metal, and machinery industries equaled the railroads in size. In 1870, the typical iron and steel firm employed fewer than 100 workers. Thirty years later, the force was four times as large. By 1900, more than 1,000 factories had work forces ranging from 500 to 1,000 workers. From 1860 to 1900 some 15 million immigrants from southern and eastern...
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