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电子商务总复习

第一章 电子商务概述

1 商务的含义是什么?

商务是指以盈利为目的的微观经济主体出售和购买经济资源的各种活动的总称。 • 商务的主体是以盈利为目的的微观经济主体。 • 商务的客体是可供买卖的所有经济资源。 • 商务的实质是通过买卖方式实现商品所有权的转移。 • 商务的范围包括直接买卖经济资源和为买卖经济资源服务的全部活动。

2 简述商务活动的主体、内容与范围。

商务的主体是以盈利为目的的微观经济主体。
商务活动是商品从生产领域向消费领域运动过程中经济活动的总和。
商务活动的内容与范围:
①商情调研与市场机会分析
②供给分析与企业机会分析
③商务磋商与签订商务合同
④商品购销与履行商务合同
⑤对外关系与塑造企业形象
⑥制订实施竞争战略与保持企业长期发展
⑦稳定市场份额与开拓新市场领域
⑧资本营运与商务风险控制
⑨商务人员的管理

3 传统商务有哪些局限性?

信息不完善, 时间长,花费高,积压,生产周期长,客户服务有限
4你所理解的电子商务是什么?
通过网络进行商品交易、服务交易。
⑴采用电子方式,特别是通过Internet;
⑵实现商品交易、服务交易(其中含人力资源、资金、信息服务等);
⑶包含企业间的商务活动,也包含企业内部的商务活动(生产、经营、管理、财务等);
⑷涵盖交易的各个环节,如询价、报价、订货、售后服务等;
⑸采用电子方式是形式,跨越时空、提高效率是主要目的。
5与传统商务相比,电子商务具有哪些优点?
①树立网上企业形象
②改变企业竞争方式
③提高企业的运营效率,缩短生产周期
④提供个性化服务
⑤提供更有效的售后服务
⑥降低成本

6 电子商务给企业带来了哪些效益?

①电子商务对企业具有脱胎换骨的改造功能,促进企业的业务多元化发展,扩大企业的业务形式和业务范围;
②电子商务可以在企业没有进行内部信息化的情况下顺利开展;
③电子商务提升了企业管理者和劳动力的素质,特别是运用电子商务开展业务的能力;并加速了知识和技术在企业之间的扩散,促进企业信息化和知识化;
④第三方交易平台对促进中小企业电子商务的发展起到关键性作用;
⑤电子商务是我国广大中小企业进入国际市场的捷径;电子商务正在推动全球范围内的产业链整合,形成新的分工格局。
7你认为电子商务的发展前景如何?
电子商务还是很有前景的,它呈现上升趋势。随着网络的普及,中国的网民越来越多,中国消费水平越来越高,对网络的理解也越来越成熟,包括基础设施的建设越来越完善,这些都为电子商务的发展提供了土壤。特别是90后登上舞台,那是半岁网络长大的一代!是未来五到十年消费的主题!
8对于传统商务企业(如书店)在新的形式下你认为应如何寻找发展机会?
传统商务企业应朝着半传统半电子商务的方向发展。保持原有竞争优势及信息交流主体地位。又要吸收电子商务企业的优点如书店
一些实体书店专攻细分专业市场,一些逐渐转型成为讲求阅读体验的书店,把实体书店的优势从卖书转移为能买到网上没有的书,或者是让读者能够在舒服的环境中闻到书的气息。同时在网上销售书店的书籍。可能才是未来实体书店发展的方向所在。
9 简述四流及其基本功能。
①商 流 商流是商品价值的实现(流通)过程。商流是商品所有权的转移过程。
②物 流 物流是商品使用价值的实现过程。物流是商品实体的转移过程。
③信息流 信息流是电子商务交易各个主体之间的信息传递与交流的过程。
④资金流 资金流是指资金的转移过程,包括支付、转帐、结算等,资金的加速流动,具有财富的创造力,商务活动的经济效益是通过资金的运动来体现的.
四流的基本功能
[pic]
10简述电子商务的通用交易流程。
[pic]
11电子商务模式的基本要素有哪些?
① 交易主体;②交易市场;③交易事务;④信息流;⑤资金流;⑥物流;⑦商流
12. 电子商务的商业模式分类有哪些? ①按照交易对象分类:B2C(企业与消费者之间的电子商务);B2B(企业与企业之间的电子商务);C2C(消费者与消费者之间的电子商务);B2G(企业与政府方面的电子商务 )
②按照交易商品形式分类:直接电子商务;间接电子商务
③按照企业可使用的网络类型分类:EDI;互联网电子商务;内联网电子商务
④按照交易范围分类:本地电子商务;区域电子商务;全球电子商务
⑤按照资金支付的方式分类:完全电子商务;不完全电子商务
13 试比较B2B电子商务交易流程与B2C电子商务交易流程的异同点?
相同点:低成本高效益,利用互联网进行商业交易。
不同点:B2B是企业对企业;B2C是企业对个人。
14电子商务的盈利模式主要有哪些?
⑴网上目录盈利模式 ⑵广告支持的盈利模式 ⑶广告-收费混合模式 ⑷数字内容盈利模式 ⑸交易费用模式 ⑹服务费用模式
15为什么说有些服务非常适合在网上以交易费用模式提供?请举例说明
公司可以在网上向访问者提供交易的相关信息,并为客户提供以前由业务人员提供的服务。客户在网站上填写交易信息,网站就以比传统方式便宜多的价格提供服务。从价值链上去除诸如业务人员等中介,称为免中介化;在价值链中加入交易费用网站等新中介,称为在中介化。比如虚拟商品的交易,手机充值卡,游戏充值等等
第二章 电子商店
1什么是电子商店?简述电子商店的功能。
电子商店又称虚拟商店、网上商店,是建立在Internet上的一种商业网站。
前台功能:前台登录,推荐商品,商品检索,购物车,顾客点评等
后台功能:口令管理,商品管理,订单管理,会员管理,配送支付管理等
2简述B2C网上购物流程。[pic]
3 简述电子商店订单处理流程。
[pic]
4哪些产品适合在网上销售,这些产品具有哪些特点?
⑴实体商品、信息与媒体商品、在线服务
⑵特点:①具有数字化特征。 ②具有标准化特征。 ③具有隐私化特征。

5.网上购物者一般可分为哪几种类型?对不同类型的顾客应采取什么营销策略?
6.电子商业具有什么特点?
7.理顺电子商店的前台功能和后台功能。

第三章 网络营销与管理
1.网络营销的概念和特点是什么?
2.网络营销和传统营销的关系如何?
3.网络消费者有哪些类型?
4.简述网络消费者的的购买过程。
5.网络营销策略包括哪些内容?
6.网络广告的特点及其五大要素是什么?
7.常见的网络广告的形式有哪些?

第四章 支付系统
1.什么是网络银行?网络银行发展的原因。
2.电子支付与传统支付的区别有哪些?
3.简述网络银行的功能。
4.什么是电子货币?它具有什么优点、
5.电子支付方式有哪些?
6.网上支付中存在的问题有哪些?
7. 简述当前国内主要的第三方支付平台有哪些?并分析下其运行模式。
8. 目前移动支付有哪此应用实例?试列举若干项。

第五章 电子商务物流系统
1.什么是物流?叙述物流的基本职能。
2.电子商务中物流有哪些特点?
3.什么是第三方物流?
4.物流配送的功能要素有哪些?
5.简述电子商务物流技术。

第六章 电子商务安全技术
1.电子商务存在什么安全隐患?
1.在线交易主体的市场准入问题
2.信息风险
3.信用风险
4.网上欺诈犯罪
5.电子合同问题
整体上可分为:计算机网络安全和商务交易安全。
计算机网络安全:包括计算机网络设备安全、计算机网络系统安全、数据库安全等。其特征是针对计算机网络本身可能存在的安全问题,实施网络安全增强方案,以保证计算机网络自身的安全性为目标。
商务交易安全:紧紧围绕传统商务在互联网络上应用时产生的各种安全问题,在计算机网络安全的基础上,如何保障电子商务过程的顺利进行。即实现电子商务的保密性、完整性、可鉴别性、不可伪造性和不可抵赖性。

2.简述电子商务安全的基本要求。
信息的保密性
信息的完整性
交易者身份的真实性
不可抵赖性
系统的可靠性

3.常见的电子商务安全技术有什么?
信息加密
数字签名和指纹
防火墙
安全协议
数字证书

4.常见的密钥体系有哪两种?
对称密钥加密体制:信息交换双方共同约定一个口令或一组密码,建立一个通讯双方共享的密钥。通信的甲方将要发送信息用私钥加密后传给乙方,乙方用相同的私钥解密后获得甲方传递的信息
非对称密钥密码体系也称公开密钥技术。

5.比较对称密钥和非对称密钥密码体系的优缺点。
对称密钥加密体制:
优点:加密、解密速度很快(高效)
缺点:密钥难于共享,需太多密钥
非对称密钥密码体系也称公开密钥技术。
优点:易于实现,使用灵活,密钥较少
缺点:要取得较好的加密效果和强度,必须使用较长的密钥

6.什么是防火墙?它有何功能?
防火墙:指一个由软件或和硬件设备组合而成,用于加强因特网与内部网之间安全防范的一个或一组系统。
• (1)过滤不安全服务 • (2)过滤非法用户和访问特殊站点 • (3)设置安全和审计检查 • (4)数据源控制 • (5)应用与数据包级控制 • (6)对私有数据的加密支持: • (7)使用授权控制 • (8)反欺骗

7.CA中心的作用是什么? • 数字证书的颁发; • 数字证书的更新; • 数字证书的查询; • 数字证书的作废; • 数字证书的归档。

8. 数字加密与数字签名有何不同? • 二者都使用公开密钥体系,但实现的过程正好相反,使用的密钥对也不同。 • 数字签名使用的是发送方的密钥对,发送方用自己的私有密钥进行加密,接收方用发送方的公开密钥进行解密,这是一对多的关系,任何拥有发送方公开密钥的人都可以验证数字签名的正确性。 • 数字加密使用的是接收方的密钥对,这是多对一的关系,任何知道接收方公开密钥的人都可以向接收方发送加密信息,只有唯一拥有接收方私有密钥的人才能对信息解密。 • 数字签名只采用了非对称密钥加密算法,它能保证发送信息的完整性、身份认证和不可否认性, • 数字加密采用了对称密钥加密算法和非对称密钥加密算法相结合的方法,它能保证发送信息保密性。 • [pic][pic]

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