...King Henry VIII was born in Greenwich, London, England on June 28, 1491 to Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He was the third of seven children, and was one of three siblings that survived into adulthood. Though we know very little of Henry’s life before his older brother’s death, we expect that he would have been on the path of a royal second born son. The path of the church. Along with Henry’s extensive knowledge of the Church and Theology, he also has a passion for music, languages, poetry and sports. Henry’s older brother, Arthur, however, was destined to be king and was married to Catherine of Aragon in November of 1501, in an alliance with Spain. A four months later, Arthur fell ill, and died, leaving a ten year old Henry to assume his...
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...Erika Betancourt Professor Behler April 26th 2016 Researched Items King Henry VIII: King Henry VIII was the son on King Henry VII. He is very well known for his 9 wives. He married his first wife, Catherine of Aragon in 1509 and had his first son in 1511 whom died 2 months later. Catherine continued to have miscarriages and the children that they did have would die shortly after birth. Henry became frustrated and even though he was still married to Catherine he had two mistresses: Mary Boleyn and Elizabeth Blount. After being married for 17 years, Henry fell in love with Mary Boleyn and solicited an annulment from the Pope since him and Catherine were married through the church. Catherine died alone in 1536. King Henry VIII is significant to history because he separated church and the government. During this time period, Kings were rulers of everything including religion and when the Pope refused to annul king Henry’s marriage with Catherine, King Henry took matter into his own hands and found someone else to annul his marriage. (Tudor) Lucrezia Borgia: Born during Italy’s Renaissance period, when artists and architects emerged to world appreciation. Her father was Pope Alexander VI and a mistress named Vannozza Cattanei. Lucrezia was married at least 2 times, if not 3. At age 11, her father cancelled her marriage...
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...Some may say King Henry VIII was the first King to go against the church to get what he wanted. It was not allowed to divorce in those days, however Henry was able to marry, divorce and even kill a few of his wives during his reign. Disparate for a male heir, Henry did everything in his power to produce a male child weather it was within or outside his marriages. Is it safe to say that Henry may have paved the way for such dysfunction in modern lives when it comes to family and marriage? What if his wife Catherine gave him a healthy son? Would marriage and the church be different today? Resentment, failure to communicate and disconnect are only a few reasons why some marriages end. Failure to have a male child was Queen Catherine’s biggest...
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...Assess the reasons behind Wolsey's fall From the beginning of Henry VIII reign to 1529, Cardinal Wolsey was a influential figure and Henry's key advisor. However by 1529 Wolsey had been charged with praemunire and was due to be executed in November 1530. The most important reason for this was because of Wolsey's failure to obtain a divorce between Catherine of Aragon and Henry VIII. The main reason behind Wolsey's fall was his failure to obtain a divorce between Catherine of Argon and Henry VIII. Henry's desire to end his marriage began in 1527 in which Wolsey promised would be a quick and easy problem to resolve due to his influence with the pope. However after two years of waiting Henry became desperate for a divorce. Wolsey made three attempts to obtain divorce: the first was to try and get the current pope to admit that the previous pope was in the wrong, the second attempt was on technical grounds that there was an error in dispensation, and the third was to get the case heard in England in which Wolsey would play a big role in the verdict. However by the failure of the third attempt Henry accused Wolsey of upholding papal law without the Kings permission and charged him with praemunire on the 9th October 1529. By the 29th November Wolsey was due to be executed, but died on the journey to London. This was the most important reasons for Wolsey's fall as in the space of one year Wolsey had lost all influence and power and also Henry's trust. Resulting in him being sentenced...
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...Use sources T, U and V and your own knowledge. Do you accept the view in Source V that Wolsey’s domestic policies were disappointing? Thomas Wolsey was Henry VIII’s chief minister from 1514 when Henry VIII was making his rise into power up until 1529 when Wolsey had his fall from grace. Many people have argued that Wolsey made many radical changes to the country and how it was run. This essay will argue whether Wolsey’s domestic policies were disappointing or not. One of the main categorical policies that brought up a lot of criticism for Wolsey was the way that he dealt with finances, which ultimately brought a huge amount of disappointment to Wolsey’s reign. During his reign as Chancellor Wolsey failed to ensure that the revenue that was brought in was the same as what the King was spending which did damage the country’s finances. Wolsey also brought in many different taxation policies (which included the Amicable Grant) this sparked outrage within both the laity and the clergy, it also caused many riots in Suffolk. In Source T it says that he ‘aroused against himself the hatred of the whole country’ and this was being spoken about when it came to his arrogance. In contrary to this, it can be argued that Wolsey’s financial policies were not all a disappointment as it says in source U ‘He favours the people exceedingly, and especially the poor’ Wolsey started to levy taxes so people paid taxes in accordance to what they earned. This helped Wolsey financially with the people as...
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...Review of Henry V Globe Theatre 1. What was your overall impression of the play and the theatre? My overall impression of the play and the theatre was very positive. Although I had previously attended a play at the Globe Theatre a couple years ago, I never received a tour like we did before we saw Henry V. This enabled me to really learn the history of the building as well as exactly why and how the plays are reenacted. I was never aware of the intense preparation and practice that goes into putting on a Shakespeare play at the Globe Theatre. I was also intrigued at the materials the building was made out of and the fact that it resembled the old Globe Theatre as much as possible. I have always had a fascination with acting since I don’t have a creative side. It is so interesting to watch people put on a persona and become a whole different person while performing in a play. I find it so impressive when the plays are from Shakespeare’s time and the actors are able to convert themselves into old-fashioned personalities. Although I had a very hard time following the play and understanding what was happening at each moment, I still enjoyed being there for the experience. My favorite part about attending this play was the fact that I was able to sit up in a high seating section, which allowed me to view the expressions of the audience throughout the theatre. This made my experience even more enjoyable because the reactions of the audience were so powerful...
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...Annotated Bibliography-- Set/Stage Design "Shakespeare & Elizabethan Stage Sets." No Sweat Shakespeare. Web. 29 Mar. 2016. This article discusses the differences between set design nowadays versus set design during Shakespearean times. Today, the stage is set to resemble the location the scene is set in, and the audience can easily picture where everything is happening. This is what is referred to as ‘realism’. Earlier times were different, in that the playwrights would often write set imagery into the script, encouraging the audience to image it for themselves. Aside from an occasional piece of furniture, the stage was often bare and could be the location for anywhere in the world. This relates to my topic of set design because it shows the differences between the realism used today versus the imagery used during Shakespearean plays. This source is reputable because it isn’t giving an opinion on anything, it is simply stating the facts of how Shakespeare would have most likely set the stage for his plays. "Shakespeare's Theater." Folger Shakespeare Library. 2014. Web. 29 Mar. 2016. This web article discusses how the stage and arena was designed to give the audience the full experience at shows. The majority of playhouses that showed performances were multi-sided structures with an open yard for people to stand or sit on. Also in the facility were ~3 tiers of covered seating, and a raised up stage on one end. The article also discussed the transition from outdoor...
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...Wolsey became Henry VIII’s Lord Chancellor in 1515, he was extremely able and determined; his foreign policy was mainly directed at preserving peace and trying to make England a negotiator between other countries. During the years 1515-1525 Wolsey’s power was undisputed, this was due to the fact that Henry VIII delegated more and more state business to Wolsey including near-complete control of England’s foreign policy. The extent of Wolsey’s success can be measured in several ways; these include the financial stability of the country, loyalty from England’s allies and respect for Wolsey (and Henry VIII) from English subjects and foreigners. Wolsey’s greatest achievement in creating a successful foreign policy was the Treaty of London, in 1518, which was known as a ‘universal’ treaty of peace, it united all of Christendom under Henry VIII’s sponsorship with a mutual non-aggressive pact that provided collective support and aid in the case of conflict. While doing this Wolsey also saw the opportunity to re-unite France and England by betrothing Henry VIII’s first daughter, Mary, to the dauphin (first son of the King), by doing this Wolsey also achieved Tournai for England again for 600,000 crowns. Bishop Fox described Wolsey’s maneuver with France as “The best deed that was ever done for England; and, next to the King, the praise is due to Wolsey”. Many people have questioned whether Wolsey’s foreign policy was actually his own policy or if Wolsey was simply a pawn for Henry to exploit...
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...Henry VIII: Authority, Nation and Religion, 1509- 1540 1473: Wolsey born in Ipswich, son of a butcher, gained a scholarship to Oxford 1485: Henry VII becomes King of England after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth 1491: Henry VIII born at Greenwich Palace 1498: Wolsey Ordained as a priest 1501: Arthur, Prince of Wales and Catherine of Aragon married 1502: Arthur dies Wolsey made Chaplain to Archbishop Deane of Canterbury 1503: Pope Julius II grants dispensation for Henry and Catherine’s betrothal 1507: Wolsey appointed chaplain to Henry VII 1509: Wolsey appointed Dean of Lincoln and Royal Almoner (dispenses money to poor) 21st April: Henry VII Dies 11th June: Henry VIII Marries Catherine Of Aragon 23rd June: Henry VIII becomes King 1510: Wolsey appointed a Royal Councillor March: Truce with France renewed August: Empson and Dudley Executed 1512: Wolsey comes to prominence February: War with France and Scotland England joins Spain in an alliance against France 1513: Wolsey organises Henry VIII’s successful expedition to France, and appointed Bishop of Tournai (France) Emperor Maximilian (Germany) joins Ferdinand (Spain, Catherine of Aragon’s Father), Henry, and the Papacy against France. August: Battle of the Spurs, capture of Tournai (France) September: Earl of Surrey leads Battle of Flodden, victory over the Scots 1514: Wolsey appointed Bishop of Lincoln and Archbishop of York Henry makes peace with France 1515: ...
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...the title had been taken away in 1485, it was given back in 1514. At age 12, Anne was sent to the court of the Archduchess Margaret to be a fille d’honneur. Here she learned French and how to be part of the court. The Archduchess wrote a letter to Sir Thomas telling him what a wonderful daughter he had, and how graceful she was of having her in her court. In 1514, Anne went to France to be part of the court of the Queen Mary, the sister of the King of England. But Queen Mary soon returned to England and Anne stayed in France being part of the new Queen’s Court (Queen Claudia). In France she was educated as a French girl, she learned and love their poetry, music, clothes; she was considered one of them. In 1521 Anne returned to England, because she was getting married. While her marriage was arranged, she became part of Queen Catherine’s court. She made a great impression for her dancing and singing skills; she wasn’t the most beautiful person but did attract men. Her marriage never took place and she started a romance with Henry Percy, son and heir of a Lord. There is no record of what kind of romance it was, it must been only kisses and hugs, since having sex had meant marriage. Cardinal Wolsey ended the romance....
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...LIBERTY UNIVERSITY Henry VIII and the English Reformation A PAPER SUBMITTED TO Dr. Gregory Tomlin IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE CHHI 525 LIBERTY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BY DAVID E. ROBERTS LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 2014 Table of Contents Introduction: Henry VIII and the English Reformation………….................................................. 3 Prince Henry VIII and His Character Development....................................................................... 3 King Henry VIII…......................................................................................................................... 6 The Wives of Henry VIII………………………………………………....................................... 8 The Rule of the Crown and the Church of England……............................................................. 12 Conclusion……………………………………………………..……………………………….. 14 Bibliography...……...………..………......................................................................................... 16 ii Introduction: Henry VIII and the English Reformation The study of Henry VIII and the reformation in England continues to fascinate scholars and historians alike. Recent attention has even been given by Hollywood in the production of “The Other Boleyn Girl,” a major motion picture depicting the lives of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Obviously Hollywood isn’t a suitable source for a scholarly inspection of such a historical event, but the existence...
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...A King that Wanted a Son, Challenged the System and Brought Down an Over-Powerful Religious Empire. According to doctrine, Jesus Christ founded the Catholic Church and Peter made it official in about 50-75 CE. The early church struggled for acceptance, wherein Christians were outcasts for the first couple hundred years of the Church’s existence. However, in the year 313, Emperor Constantine-I legalized Christianity and it eventually became the state religion of the Roman Empire by the decree of the Emperor. Even after the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the Catholic Church and the state remained closely linked. More specifically, the duties of every political authority and commoner including: kings, queens, princes, knights, serfs and soldiers were to the embrace the Catholic faith and to support, sustain and nurture the church. Kings believed that "God establishes kings as his ministers and reigns through them over the people.” For over a thousand years, the Catholic Church reinforced the political authority of the states and the states reinforced the authority of the church. However, in 1527 King Henry-VIII of England challenged the authority of the Church to exert its political and economic authority over sovereign lands. By establishing the Church of England, King Henry-VIII changed the way most European monarchs viewed the authority of the Pope. After complicated power struggle with the Catholic Church, involving political and theological issues, King Henry-VIII...
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...The English Reformation has a history of its own; a series of numerous events that brought about a reshaping of the Church, a paradigm shift in peoples understanding of ministry, as well as some other critical theological beliefs. And so it is also widely considered as the turning point for Christianity in England because it brought along reformed ideas, thoughts and ways of doing things, not only in the church, but also in England. A new dawn had come. The English Reformation is also remembered for the political ambitions and struggles which juxtaposed side by side with the theological and spiritual issues of the time. There were hot debate, burnings at the stake, organized coups, charges of treason and heresy and divorces which polluted the air. The history of the English Reformation certainly does not make for bedtime stories, nevertheless it is what it is and Christianity in England consequently took a dramatic turn of events. When we think of the Anglican Communion we think of the Book of Common Prayer and when turn the pages we can do nothing else but think of the scholar, priest and revolutionist who created it, Thomas Cranmer. Out of the smoke of the reformation arose the Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer (1489-1556). Cranmer, amongst many is one of the iconic figures who helped influence Christian church history, and is often referred to as the ‘Architect of Church of England.’ In particular, Cranmer’s most noted contribution came to the surface during the...
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...When looking at the royal finance under Henry VII we observe how powerful he was and the fact that he created a strong financial situation upon which to secure his reign and dynasty. In this essay I will compare the two sources regarding the financial situation during Henry’s reign. Extract A seems to be more valuable because we know that he invested all his money in jewelry and plate in order to secure his money. According to the Extract A, Henry reinvested much of the money because he wanted to secure his reign. After his death, there were found many accounts of his leaving jewel plate. This is very valuable because we know that he had a lot of money. On the other side, all his money was spent by Henry VIII during the war; this questions the value of his finance. We also must consider that Henry started in debt and that he balanced his account by 1492, showing a sizeable surplus from 1497 onwards, he also made big loans to other rulers and small ones to merchants. His surplus was far from sizeable and the loans were made only to other rulers with the condition that the dynasty is under control and secure. He wanted to prevent a crash of his economy and tried to do things in such a way that nothing could affect his dynasty. However, his achievement should not be considered too impressive. Because, how it was mentioned, it took only two years for Henry VIII to dissolve everything what Henry VII left behind him. Another way in which we can question his royal finance is the...
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...Mocarski 2 Queen Elizabeth I A Queen With the Heart of a King One whom is to be considered, by many, as the greatest monarch in history would be Queen Elizabeth I. She is considered to be one of the important reigns in the world. Although she was a success, Elizabeth was not always viewed as a strong and capable woman. Many questioned if she would be able to overcome the problems that were essential in becoming the queen of England. Queen Elizabeth I is the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn (his second wife). She was born at the Greenwich Palace on September 7, 1533. To King Henry VIII, Elizabeth was his second daughter. His first born daughter was Mary, she was the daughter of Catherine of Aragon. King Henry VIII was not too thrilled...
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