...• The earthquake occurred on 17th January, 1995, at 5:46 am Japan Standard Time. • The epicentre of the earthquake was located, approximately 20 km away from Kobe, on the northern end of Awaji Island in Hyogo Prefecture. • Lasting for about 20 seconds, the earthquake led to 18 cm horizontal and 12 cm vertical movement of land. • The city of Kobe, with a population of 1.5 million, was the closest to the epicentre. Due to its proximity, it was the worst affected Japanese city. • According to the final estimates, 6,434 people were killed, while 300,000 were left homeless due to this natural disaster. Of the 6,434 people who lost their lives, 4,600 were from Kobe. • This was the first earthquake that recorded a seismic intensity of 7 on the shindo magnitude scale that is used by the Japan Meteorological Agency. • The tremors were felt all over the Kansai region. Kobe, Ashiya, Takarazuka, Hokudan, Ichinomiya and Awaji City (Tsuna) recorded a seismic intensity of shindo 7, Sumoto and Kobe recorded a seismic intensity of shindo 6, Kyoto, Hikone and Toyooka recorded a seismic intensity of shindo 5 and Fukui, Gifu, Hiroshima and Okayama recorded a seismic intensity of shindo 4. • The earthquake was preceded by four foreshocks, the largest being of Mj 3.7; and followed by approximately 50 aftershocks of Mj 4.0 or more, within one week. • A one kilometre long stretch of the Hanshin Expressway, 200,000 buildings and 120 out of the 150 quays, (wharfs...
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...according to these criteria one can decide if the site is susceptible to liquefaction and therefore unsuitable for the desired structure. Build Liquefaction Resistant Structures If it is necessary to construct on liquefaction susceptible soil because of space restrictions, favorable location, or other reasons, it may be possible to make the structure liquefaction resistant by designing the foundation elements to resist the effects of liquefaction. Improve the Soil The third option involves mitigation of the liquefaction hazards by improving the strength, density, and/or drainage characteristics of the soil. This can be done using a variety of soil improvement techniques. The 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake (M=6.9), commonly referred to as the Kobe earthquake, Collapsed...
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...think of Kobe and Yokohama, they would probably find many things in common. Although these two cities are located 700 km away, belong to different cultural sphere, both of two cities have big trading port which make similarities. Yokohama port opened in 1859, which is a bit older than Kobe port. Since then two cities have been following the same history. Kobe and Yokohama were the cities to open for trade with the Western countries following the end of policy of seclusion. These two cities had been contributing to the modernization of Japan. Yokohama port was opened in 1859, eight years older than Kobe port. Being trading port cities and foreign settlements, Kobe and Yokohama have been known as cosmopolitan cities. There are Western styles of buildings, China town, and foreign cemeteries in both of the cities. Now Kobe and Yokohama are popular among young people because they have fashionable atmosphere which enable people to feel as if they were in foreign countries. It can be said that these two cities are remarkably similar. However there are big cultural differences between two cities. Yokohama lies in east part of Japan, which is called “Kanto area”. In contrast, Kobe belongs to “Kansai area”. There are big differences between two worlds such as food, language, fashion, and personality. Kobe is a bit larger than Yokohama city. However, when it comes to population, Yokohama is much greater than Kobe, which means Yokohama is densely populated. Kobe and Yokohama...
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...Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978) is an American professional basketball player who plays shooting guard for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Bryant enjoyed a successful high school basketball career at Lower Merion High School, where he was recognized as the top high school basketball player in the country. He declared his eligibility for the NBA Draft upon graduation, and was selected with the 13th overall pick in the 1996 NBA Draft by the Charlotte Hornets, then traded to the Los Angeles Lakers. As a rookie, Bryant earned himself a reputation as a high-flyer and a fan favorite by winning the 1997 Slam Dunk Contest. Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal led the Lakers to three consecutive NBA championships from 2000 to 2002. A heated feud between the duo and a loss in the 2004 NBA Finals was followed by O'Neal's trade from the Lakers after the 2003–04 season. Following O'Neal's departure Bryant became the cornerstone of the Los Angeles Lakers franchise. He led the NBA in scoring during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons, setting numerous scoring records in the process. In 2006, Bryant scored a career-high 81 points against the Toronto Raptors, the second most points scored in a single game in NBA history, second only to Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game in 1962. He was awarded the regular season's Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) in 2008. After losing in the 2008 NBA Finals, Bryant led the Lakers to two consecutive championships in 2009 and 2010...
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...Johnson. Many people think that Kobe Bryant is one of the greatest or they say LeBron James. Which LeBron is just not there in the way Kobe is there now. Kobe Bryant came in the game as a young one he came straight out of high school, just like LeBron James, Kobe was drafted to the charlotte hornets but was traded to the L.A Lakers. Within his first year he was known around the league as a high flyer, also winning the slam dunk contest. Just by this alone Kobe is way ahead of LeBron, but there is more to this story that just meets the eye. Kobe Bryant has set more records than LeBron, but Kobe has been in the league longer than LeBron. Kobe Bryant has also made history scoring more points than wilt chamberlain scoring a one hundred points in a single game, not only that Kobe Bryant has led the league in scoring for number of years. LeBron hasn’t led yet since he has been in the league yeah he can score but not as reliable as Kobe. When these two play it’s the most watched game in the NBA. The one thing that Kobe has that LeBron will never has is a center that knows the game and can score at any time. LeBron only has shooting guards and that is what is really killing LeBron when it comes down to winning. Besides of winning Kobe has got way more rings than LeBron, on top of that he has done it more than one time, and also without a good big man. Kobe Bryant puts the team on his back when the team needs that extra points or that extra stop. Kobe is a team player and knows when...
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...Today, like most of the days of the week, I played basketball at the gym. Unlike organized basketball however, pickup games in the gym have no referees, so its up to you to call your own calls. This is something I am used to. However, as the game progressed, numerous calls were made that most people wouldn’t even consider being a foul. Also, for the exception of one person, everyone else seemed okay with this. Has the sport of basketball become, for lack of a better word, soft? Now, don’t get me wrong, some calls are clearly fouls. I was watching the All Star game this past weekend and on a particular play, Kobe Bryant went for a layup and Dwayne Wade broke Kobe’s nose. None would argue that this was a clear flagrant foul. However, if you go for a layup, and my hand slightly touches yours after the ball is released, THAT IS NOT A FOUL. Progressively, basketball has become weaker and weaker. I remember the days when centers would leave the game with black eyes and bruises, when basketball was a war. These days, people leave the court looking like they did when they got on the court. I do understand that over the years, rules have been added to keep the players’ safety in mind, but at the same time, one of our countries most smash mouth sports is not the same as it used to be. Players won’t even play if they have a sore throat. MJ however played with the flu. He even received I.V.s in the locker room during half time. I’m not saying that basketball isn’t a great sport, but...
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...Southern New Hampshire University Introduction to Marketing MKT-113-V6786 Compare and Contrast Essay on the Philosophy behind the 4 P's & 4 C's Tyronne Parrish The difference and similarities of the comparing and contrasting of the 4p’s and 4c’s of marketing, this includes the product, price, place and promotion. The product plays a major role for the average customer who is willing to purchase and perhaps utilize the product. The world has an acquired taste for the newest, the latest the most attractive offerings from appealing kids, in which events can be a dollar for a public viewing, offering free deserts to people of all ages. The price most of the time determines how well the product sells for example; you have a polo shirt for $14.00 and the same kind of shirt just as nice with strips for $12.00, the customer might lean in favor of the $12.00 shirt and perhaps show how saving $2.00 may go a long way for a single person or a family of 5. The place of the store, the physical location has determining factors such as the local traffic, walking, riding or on a bus route. The survival of the critical months of marketing and advertising a sticking by the budget can have a tremendous affect on the location of a business. Right now, you can have a physical store and also an on-line e-commerce retail store to sell your products. This path on-line retailing maybe the way some businesses might want to consider for the present and the future. The promotion has a...
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...line though. This is why other NBA centers would just foul him instead of letting him have an easy shot. This became known as “Hack-a-Shack”. He became the first player in NBA history to earn player of the week in only his first week in the league. He would be with the Orlando Magic from 1992 to 1996. Shaquille O’Neal, with the Los Angeles Lakers, would be one of his most set destinations over his career. After Shaquille became a free agent in the 95-96 seasons he would sign onto the Lakers roster for a seven year, $121 million dollar contract. He insisted he did not join the Lakers for the money. He wanted to join so he could, “drink Pepsi and wear Reebok”. He just wanted to play the game! With the tandem of O’Neal and teenage superstar Kobe Bryant, expectations for the Lakers were high. In 1999 the Lakers would acquire Phil Jackson. Jackson would invent the “triangle offense” the Lakers would have tremendous success. In 2000, 2001, and 2002 the Lakers would win consecutive...
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...Meowkemnwnmmmrfrmmrw;ogkjrwekjgjejigteijgijfijgijgije Bryant enjoyed a successful high school basketball career at Lower Merion High School, where he was recognized as the top high school basketball player in the country. He declared his eligibility for the NBA Draft upon graduation, and was selected with the 13th overall pick in the 1996 NBA Draft by the Charlotte Hornets, then traded to the Los Angeles Lakers. As a rookie, Bryant earned himself a reputation as a high-flyer and a fan favorite by winning the 1997 Slam Dunk Contest. Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal led the Lakers to three consecutive championships from 2000 to 2002. A heated feud between the duo and a loss in the 2004 NBA Finals was followed by O'Neal's trade from the Lakers after the 2003–04 season. Following O'Neal's departure Bryant became the cornerstone of the Los Angeles Lakers franchise. He led the NBA in scoring during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons, setting numerous scoring records in the process. In 2006, Bryant scored a career-high 81 points against the Toronto Raptors, the second most points scored in a single game in NBA history, second only to Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game in 1962. He was awarded the regular season's Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) in 2008. After losing in the 2008 NBA Finals, Bryant led the Lakers to two consecutive championships in 2009 and 2010, earning the NBA Finals MVP Award on both occasions. At 34 years and 104 days of age, Bryant became the youngest player in league history...
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...The Superstar Effect: NBA Players and Team Influence I. Introduction Individual influence in a group setting has been studied among numerous academic fields for decades. In particular, productivity is often seen as a positive externality, in which the efficiency of a single individual in certain environments may others to also be more efficient, leading to better performance of the overall group [1]. This increase in productivity can be observed in a variety of different environments, including but not limited to the work office, education, and even in a domestic setting. Specifically in sports teams, this phenomenon is coined “the superstar effect”. In the past, there has been much debate regarding the actual impact of the superstar effect. These studies bring up many important issues that we will address before proceeding with our work. Among these questions are: Who qualifies as a superstar? How do we define a player to be “productive”? Under what metrics will we look at to determine the supposed effect of these players? All of these are valid points that we must carefully define to progress with our experimentation. II. Background and Data Our first and foremost question is what we base our data and work on: how do we define a superstar? Past work shows numerous ways to address this topic. One common way to determine a superstar is to refer to the number of times he or she has made an All-Pro team, or a player who has played in the NBA All-Star...
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...Born on August 23, 1978 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Kobe Bryant played for the Charlotte Hornets right out of high school. He was soon traded to the L.A. Lakers, where he went on to win five championships and become one of the leading scorers of the NBA. He has had a famous rivalry with one-time teammate Shaquille O'Neal and was once accused of sexual assault, though charges were later dropped. Bryant played on both the 2008 and 2012 U.S. Olympic teams, winning two consecutive gold medals with teammates Kevin Durant, LeBron James and Carmelo Anthony, among several other top players. Early Life Kobe Bean Bryant was born August 23, 1978 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Named after a Japanese steakhouse, Kobe Bryant is the son of former NBA player Joe "Jellybean" Bryant. In 1984, after ending his NBA career, the elder Bryant took the family to Italy where he played on the Italian League. Growing up in Italy alongside two athletic older sisters, Shaya and Sharia, Kobe was an avid player of both basketball and soccer. When the family returned to Philadelphia in 1991, Bryant joined the Lower Merion high school basketball team, leading it to the state championships four years in a row. With an eye on the NBA, he also started working out with the 76ers. Though he boasted good grades and high SAT scores, Bryant decided to go straight to the NBA from high school. In 1996, he was picked by Charlotte in the draft, and was subsequently traded to the Los Angeles Lakers. NBA Career ...
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...Was Michael Jordan the most influential Player in the NBA? Michael Jordan was arguably the best basketball player ever but was he the most influential? That is a controversial question today. Jordan has 6 championship rings, and numerous MVP’s. He is 6’7 and couldn’t be stopped when he was in his prime. Michael Jordan’s story to me makes him the most influential player in basketball. Another reason that makes him so influential is his name. MJ is known worldwide and there are numerous statues around the world in his honor. Finally the way he entertained his audience on the court is a reason why he is influential (espn.com). Michael Jordan was born in Brooklyn but his home town was in Wilmington, NC. He attended Laney high school in Wilmington where he failed to make his school’s varsity basketball team. That did not stop him, he not only made his high school varsity team but he went to North Carolina University and led them to win the championship in 1983(nba.com). The next year he was drafted by the Chicago Bulls, that year he began his road to superstardom (nba.com). Michael Jordan’s name is one of the most popular names in the world. His name is behind numerous ads and sneaker lines. He has released his retro sneakers over and over and they are getting more popular by the year. His shoes are so popular that people are getting murdered over them. According to fox news Joshua Woods, 22, got one of the few vouchers to buy a pair of the latest shoes for himself and his...
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...Two of the most polarizing figures in the NBA today are Kobe Bryant and Lebron James. Kobe Bryant and Lebron James come on the top of the list just because of their remarkable performances and their achievements throughout their careers. They both have started their sports career from the school age and then they excelled in their respective sports of basketball. Kobe Bryant plays as a shooting guard for the Los Angeles Lakers and Lebron James plays for the Miami Heat. Lebron James also referred as a “King James” just because of his moves and his utmost versatility in basketball, while Kobe is referred to as the “Black Mamba”. Although they may seem to be alike the two are very different in their own respects. For instance, both players have the ability to score the ball. Kobe is a natural born scorer; many call him one of the greatest offensive players to ever play the game. Kobe averages nearly 26 points per game over his 17 year pro career; anywhere on the court Kobe is a threat because of his basketball fundamentals and ability to score from anywhere on the court. Lebron on the other hand, is also a good scorer but is not considered to be on the level of Kobe Bryant. Lebron averaging nearly 25 points per game through his career which is not bad, but he is challenged to work extremely hard for his points. However, Lebron in terms of physicality is way above Bryant. Weighing in at 260 pounds of muscle and is listed at the height of 6’9 Lebron is considered to be...
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...Bilal Mert Erkubilay Number: 1130502058 Class: D-101 Assignment 1 I started to watching basketball when I was a child. It's a passion for me. Can only one person change other person's life? Maybe or not, but my life was changed by a basketballer, LeBron James. He is like Michael Jordan for many people who love him. He is one of the best basketball player we've ever seen. However, almost nobody likes him for an unknown reason. He played 8 years for Cleveland Cavaliers. He was playing so beautifully in his young ages that he compared with Michael Jordan. Whenever team loses match, everyone blame LeBron James for missing last second clutch shots. He was not ready to taking over the whole team's responsibilities, and his team's members was not prepared enough, too. When the team lost against Boston Celtics in 03-11-2010, criticism over LeBron James was at peak. In the offseason, LeBron James decided to take his talents to South Beach, and joined to Miami Heat. Haters of LeBron came to a climax, but LeBron did not take the notice of them. Miami Heat and LeBron was so adapted each other that they did not lose any game until the Playoffs. They rose to the top, NBA Finals in 2011. Their rival was Dallas Mavericks that did not lost any game also. NBA Finals conqueror was Dallas Mavericks. I got really angry at that situtation. Haters played a jape on Miami Heat, especially LeBron James. But LeBron didn't give up. He started training during the off season with Kevin Durant. He...
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...The Greatest of All Time Have you ever wondered who truly was the greatest NBA player of all time was? There are very many players that could be selected for this title. Some names that you would be likely to see when discussing this topic are: Bill Russell, Kobe Bryant, Wilt Chamberlain, Larry Bird, LeBron James, and Michael Jordan (Top 10 Players in NBA History). Most people can recognize most of these names but one of these people may be the most well known people in all of sports. The reason for this is because he is you doubtfully the best person to every play the game of basketball. This man is Michael Jordan and he was the greatest player to ever be apart of the NBA because of his accomplishments in basketball, his impact on the game, and the legacy that he has left. Jordan’s career stats and awards are matched by very few other players. Some say that LeBron James is the greatest player. LeBron has not shown a career performance that comes anywhere close to what Jordan has accomplished. LeBron career points per game is 27.5, while Jordan averaged 30.1 points per game (Top 10 Players in NBA History). While this may not seem that much of a difference, Jordan puts the icing on the cake with all of his career accomplishments. Jordan has 3 times as many NBA championships than LeBron. Although it is true that LeBron has not finished his NBA career yet, he is definitely not on pace to surpass Jordan. To add to that, Jordan also had 6 finals MVP awards, 10 scoring titles...
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