Free Essay

Lab Data

In:

Submitted By jlaf1169
Words 1109
Pages 5
Data/Results

Specific Heat Capacity of a Metal (Copper)

| Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Mass of metal (g) | 11.6813 g | 12.1214 g | Mass of empty calorimeter (g) | 4.7507g | 4.7507 g | Mass of calorimeter & water (g) | 24.2425 g | 24.2422 g | Mass of water (g) | 24.2425-4.7507=19.4918 g | 24.2422-4.7507=19.4915 g | Volume added to calorimeter (mL) | 20.0 mL | 20.0 mL | 1 | Time (s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 210 | 240 | 270 | 300 | 330 | 360 | 390 | 420 | 1 | Temp(°C) | 26.1 | 26.2 | 26.3 | 26.3 | 26.2 | 26.2 | 26.2 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 27.4 | 27.2 | 27.2 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 27.1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | Time (s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 210 | 240 | 270 | 300 | 330 | 360 | 390 | 420 | 2 | Temp(°C) | 24.0 | 24.1 | 24.2 | 24.2 | 24.2 | 24.2 | 24.2 | 28.0 | 27.9 | 27.8 | 27.7 | 27.7 | 27.7 | 27.6 | 27.6 | Change in temperature of the water (°C) | 1.0°C | 3.6°C | Energy gained by the water (J) | 81.552J | 293.59J | Change in temperature of the metal (°C) | -72.9°C | -72.4°C | Calculated specific heat capacity (J/g°C) | 0.0958 J/g°C | 0.335 J/g°C | Molar mass approximation (g/mol) | 261.02g/mol | 74.73g/mol | Percent error of specific heat capacity (%) | 75.1% | 13.0% | Percent error of molar mass (%) | -310.76% | -17.60% |

Enthalpy of Neutralization (Nitric Acid)

| Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Volume of acid (mL) | 50.0 mL | 50.0 mL | Concentration of acid (M) | 1.1 M | 1.1 M | Volume of NaOH (mL) | 50.0 mL | 50.0 mL | Concentration of NaOH (M) | 1.0 M | 1.0 M | 1 | Time(s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 260 | 280 | 300 | 320 | 340 | 360 | 380 | 400 | 420 | 1 | Temp(°C) | 23.5 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 23.5 | 30.5 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.3 | 30.3 | 30.2 | 30.2 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 30.0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | Time(s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 260 | 280 | 300 | 320 | 340 | 360 | 380 | 400 | 420 | 2 | Temp(°C) | 23.2 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 30.0 | 30.1 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 29.9 | 29.9 | 29.9 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.8 | Mass of the Calorimeter+Lid+Solution (g) | 106.4362 g | 107.5763 g | Mass of the Calorimeter+Solution (g) | 105.102 g | 106.3587 g | Mass of the Calorimeter (g) | 4.1598 g | 4.1601 g | Change in temperature of the solution (°C) | 6.5°C | 6.6°C | Volume of the final solution (mL) | 100.0mL | 100.0mL | Mass of the final solution (g) | 100.0g | 100.0g | Comparison % with measured mass (%) | -0.94% | -2.2% | Energy released (J) | 2700J | 2800J | # of moles of OH- | 0.050 moles | 0.050 moles | # of moles of H2O | 0.050 moles | 0.050 moles | Heat of Neutralization per mole of H2O (J/mol) | -55kJ/mol | -56kJ/mol | Percent errors (%) | 4.18% | 1.50% |

Enthalpy of Neutralization (Hydrochloric Acid)

| Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Volume of acid (mL) | 50.0 mL | 50.0 mL | Concentration of acid (M) | 1.1 M | 1.1 M | Volume of NaOH (mL) | 50.0 mL | 50.0 mL | Concentration of NaOH (M) | 1.0 M | 1.0 M | 1 | Time(s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 260 | 280 | 300 | 320 | 340 | 360 | 380 | 400 | 420 | 1 | Temp(°C) | 23.1 | 23.2 | 23.2 | 23.1 | 23.2 | 23.1 | 23.1 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 29.5 | 29.5 | 29.5 | 29.5 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.3 | 29.3 | 29.3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | Time(s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 260 | 280 | 300 | 320 | 340 | 360 | 380 | 400 | 420 | 2 | Temp(°C) | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 22.9 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.3 | 29.3 | 29.3 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.1 | 29.1 | 29.1 | Mass of the Calorimeter+Lid+Solution (g) | 104.0269 g | 107.5763 g | Mass of the Calorimeter+Solution (g) | 102.8643 g | 106.3587 g | Mass of the Calorimeter (g) | 4.8650 g | 4.1601 g | Change in temperature of the solution (°C) | 6.2 C | 6.2°C | Volume of the final solution (mL) | 100.0mL | 100.0mL | Mass of the final solution (g) | 100.0g | 100.0g | Comparison % with measured mass (%) | 2.0% | 3.0% | Energy released (J) | 2500J | 2500J | # of moles of OH- | 0.050 moles | 0.050 moles | # of moles of H2O | 0.050 moles | 0.050 moles | Heat of Neutralization per mole of H2O (kJ/mol) | -50kJ/mol | -50kJ/mol | Comparison of ΔHs between HCl and HNO3 (%) | -7.39% | -12.2% (HNO3 larger) | Percent Error (%) | 11.27% | 12.21% |

Enthalpy of Solution (Salt A)

| Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Unknown salt (letter) | A | A | Mass of salt (g) | 2.5040 g | 2.5032 g | Mass of empty calorimeter (g) | 5.2695 g | 5.5702 g | Volume of water transferred (mL) | 20.0 mL | 20.0 mL | Mass of calorimeter & water (g) | 24.9088 g | 24.4091 g | 1 | Time(s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 260 | 280 | 300 | 320 | 340 | 360 | 380 | 400 | 420 | 440 | 460 | 480 | 1 | Temp(°C) | 24.2 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 24.2 | 24.3 | 20.9 | 23.7 | 23.7 | 23.7 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 23.5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | Time(s) | 0 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | 180 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 260 | 280 | 300 | 320 | 340 | 360 | 380 | 400 | 420 | 440 | 460 | 480 | 2 | Temp(°C) | 23.2 | 23.3 | 23.2 | 23.2 | 23.2 | 23.3 | 23.2 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 20.0 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 20.2 | Change in temperature of the solution (°C) | -0.7°C | -3.0°C | Energy released by the solution (J) | -56J | -230J | Enthalpy of dissolution per mole of salt(kJ/mol) | 3.764kJ/mol | 15.548kJ/mol | Percent Error (%) | 81.49% | 23.52% |

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Data Lab

...Middle school is mostly about growing – growing up, growing our academic capabilities, and about growing our horizons. Our teachers have done a great job nurturing us, enriching us, inspiring us to reach farther, and most of all, to never ever give up! In seventh grade, I joined a service group called LEO. To me LEO was about broadening my horizons, about making experiences that would form my personality. We learned to give back to the community, to step up and be leaders, to gain respect for the others around us, and to think about the positive things in life. On June 12th and 13th my fellow LEO friends and I participated in the “Relay for Life” at Simsbury High School. We had been planning and preparing for this event since the beginning of the year. We coordinated car washes, numerous bake sales and sold a couple hundred of Kam’s orange bracelets. On- and offline we raised over 880 dollars for the American Cancer Society to raise cancer awareness to help find a cure, giving sick people hope and strength to survive another birthday. At the Relay for Life we all set up our camping tents and set off walking on the track. Our team of girls walked all day and all night long, adding a bead to our necklaces for every completed lap. At the very emotional luminaria ceremony late night we honored those who had cancer and either passed away or fought the dreadful disease. It was a very emotional moment for me with hundreds of candles lighting up the track. As we walked a silent lap...

Words: 296 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Hiro

...Fall 2015 Analytical Chemistry I Quantitative Analysis Chem 341WI 4 Credit Hrs | Instruction Mode: L (lab) and P (class) Professor Andrew Holder holdera@umkc.edu • SCB 113 • 816-235-2293 • 913-543-3709 (fax) Office Hours: T/Th 1:00-4:00, 5:00 – 7:30 Lecture: T/Th 4PM | Labs: T/Th 1PM (AFT), 5PM (EVE) Credit: Lab + Lecture = 4 credits | Format: Lab + Lecture (P) Lecture / Class Policies and Procedures Correspondence with UMKC Student Learning Outcomes Scientific Reasoning & Quantitative Analysis * Apply principles/methods of sciencea, mathb, statisticsc and logicd to solve problems and draw logical inferences. * Chpt 3: Experimental Error (c) * Chpt 4: Statistics (c) * Chpt 6: Chemical Equilibrium (a, b, d, e, f) * Chpt 7: Activity & Systematic Trtmnt, (a, d, e, h) * Chpt 8: Monoprotic Acid-Base Equil., * Chpt 9: Polyprotic Acid-Base Equil. (a, d, e, g, h) * Develop quantitative literacy enabling comprehensione and evaluationf of info in broad contexts. * Chpt 3: Experimental Error, Chpt 4: Statistics (f) * Chpt 5: Quality Assurance and Calibration Methods (c) * Understand methodsg/principlesh of scientific discovery and their application * Sxn 0-2: The Analytical Chemist’s Job (g, h) * Sxn 0-3: General Stages in a Chemical Analysis (g, h) * Chpt 2: Tools of the Trade (g) * Carrying out laboratory analyses (g, h) ...

Words: 4091 - Pages: 17

Premium Essay

Information Centre

...Computer Lab Rules & Regulations Swinburne University computing facilities may only be used by current Swinburne students and staff. Swinburne identity card must be presented upon request. The computing facilities should only be used for educational and research purposes. The following rules and regulations apply to all lab computers on campus. Lab Rules & Regulations 1. The computer lab provided by the University is solely for educational and research activities. Students are prohibited from using the lab for any other reasons. 2. Students must have a valid student ID card to use the computer labs. 3. Students must abide by all rules and regulations, such as those shown on booking sheets, computer screens, and notices near the computers or on the wall. 4. Two-hour Usage Rule: When the lab is full and students are waiting for a vacant computer, the two-hour rule will apply. Students will be limited to 2 hours on the computer per session. 5. All users must abide by the license requirements of any software or resources being used on the computer. 6. The downloading of non-coursework related materials is strictly prohibited on the campus network as it uses much of the network bandwidth, thus slowing down all internet access. 7. All personal data must be saved on a floppy disk, handy drive or on your Home drive. Do not save personal data on the computer hard drive. 8. Please be reminded to scan your handy...

Words: 484 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Rules

...Lab Rules & Regulations 1. The computer lab provided by the University is solely for educational and research activities. Students are prohibited from using the lab for any other reasons. 2. Students must have a valid student ID card to use the computer labs. 3. Students must abide by all rules and regulations, such as those shown on booking sheets, computer screens, and notices near the computers or on the wall. 4. Two-hour Usage Rule: When the lab is full and students are waiting for a vacant computer, the two-hour rule will apply. Students will be limited to 2 hours on the computer per session. 5. All users must abide by the license requirements of any software or resources being used on the computer. 6. The downloading of non-coursework related materials is strictly prohibited on the campus network as it uses much of the network bandwidth, thus slowing down all internet access. 7. All personal data must be saved on a floppy disk, handy drive or on your Home drive. Do not save personal data on the computer hard drive. 8. Please be reminded to scan your handy drive before use to reduce the risk of any virus outbreak. 9. The Management is not responsible for any loss of data or personal belongings regardless of the cause. 10. No moving or unplugging of any equipment in the labs. 11. No pornographic and offensive images & videos. 12. No games (both computer and physical). 13. No...

Words: 413 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Test

...Major Milestones of the Telecommunications Industry 1837 Samuel Morse invents the telegraph - The information age began with the telegraph, which was invented by Samuel F.B. Morse in 1837. This was the first instrument to transform information into electrical form and transmit it reliably over long distances. The earliest form of electrical communication, the original Morse telegraph of 1837 did not use a key and sounder. Instead it was a device designed to print patterns at a distance. 1858 Transoceanic telegraph cable is laid – The transoceanic telegraph cable is an undersea cable running under the Atlantic Ocean used for telegraph communications. The first communications occurred August 16, 1858, reducing the communication time between North America and Europe from ten days, the time it took to deliver a message by ship, to a matter of minutes. 1876 Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone - The telegraph was followed by Alexander Graham Bell's invention of the telephone in 1876. The magneto-telephone was one of the first telephones on which both transmission and reception were done with the same instrument. 1885 - Incorporation of the American Telephone and Telegraph company (AT&T). After its incorporation in 1885, the American Telephone and Telegraph company dominated the telecommunications market. 1888 - Heinrich Hertz discovers the electromagnetic wave 1895 - Marconi begins experimenting with wireless telegraph 1901 Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio—the...

Words: 727 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Bell and Tech

...Alcatel-Lucent is a global telecommunications corporation located in Paris, France. It has, under its wing, Bell Laboratories aka Bell Labs. They were previously known as AT&T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories is now the research and development subsidiary of the French-owned Alcatel-Lucent. Over the past eight decades, Bell Labs R&D gave birth to new technologies and seminal scientific discoveries. (Alcatel Lucent, para 1) Elisha Grey and Enos N. Barton formed Western Electric Company in 1869. Both of them started a small manufacturing firm based in Cleveland, Ohio which was to become the largest electrical manufacturing company in America. In 1881, Alexander Graham Bell, an extraordinary leader of American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T), purchased a controlling interest in Western Electric and made it the exclusive developer and manufacturer of all equipments for the Bell telephone companies. Now, the Bell system has provided much telephone services and support to America and Canada in the 1877 to 1984. It was then led by AT&T. In 1898, Compagnie Générale d'Electricité (CGE) was born, founded by a French engineer named Pierre Azaria. It was involved in business with several industries in Germany. Mainly it dabbled in electricity, transportation, electronics and telecommunications. CGE then rose up the ranks and became a leader in digital communications and would be known as well to produce train à grande vitesse – high speed trains in France. In...

Words: 2450 - Pages: 10

Free Essay

Math

...Richard and Juliette Massey. He is a graduate of the public schools of St. Louis, Missouri and attended high school in University City, a suburb of St. Louis. After receiving a Harvard Book Award and a National Achievement Scholarship at University City High School, he entered Princeton University in 1973. There, he encountered his first real introduction to research mathematics in an honor calculus course taught by the late Ralph Fox. He wrote his undergraduate senior thesis, titled "Galois Connections on Local Fields,'' in algebraic number theory, under the direction of the late Bernard Dwork, and graduated from Princeton in 1977 with an A.B. in Mathematics (Magna Cum Laude, Phi Beta Kappa, and Sigma Xi). That same year he was awarded a Bell Labs Cooperative Research Fellowship for minorities to attend graduate school in the department of mathematics at Stanford University. In 1981, he received his Ph.D. degree from Stanford and his thesis, titled "Non-Stationary Queues,'' was directed by Joseph Keller. Dr. William Massey's parents, Juliette and Richard Massey Sr. were both educators; she was from Chattanooga, Tennessee and he was from Charlotte, North Carolina. They met at Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri which became his birthplace. Professor Massey's initial fascination with numbers started when his mother would let him play with plastic numbers and cut up old calendars. His family moved to Saint Louis, Missouri when he was four. There he came of age educationally...

Words: 1118 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Student

...Net-Worm.Win32.Kido.ih Detected | Feb 20 2009 07:04 GMT | Released | Apr 02 2009 16:24 GMT | Published | Feb 20 2009 07:04 GMT | Manual description Auto description This description was created by experts at Kaspersky Lab. It contains the most accurate information available about this program. Manual description Auto description This is a description which has been automatically generated following analysis of this program on a test machine. This description may contain incomplete or inaccurate information. Technical Details Payload Removal instructions Technical Details This network worm spreads via local networks and removable storage media. The program itself is a Windows PE DLL file. The worm components vary in size from 155KB to 165KB. It is packed using UPX. Installation The worm copies its executable file with random names as shown below: %System%\<rnd> %Program Files%\Internet Explorer\<rnd>.dll %Program Files%\Movie Maker\<rnd>.dll %All Users Application Data%\<rnd>.dll %Temp%\<rnd>.dll %Temp%\<rnd>.tmp <rnd> is a random string of symbols. In order to ensure that the worm is launched next time the system is started, it creates a system service which launches the worm’s executable file each time Windows is booted. The following registry key will be created: [HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\netsvcs] ...

Words: 1158 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Enginermember of Technical Staff

...technologies. Alcatel-Lucent Technologies have unique research environment; Bell Labs. Employments benefits and multi-cultural environment are key merits at Alcatel-Lucent Technologies. Workforce reduction process and lack of strategic business decision are the main drawbacks of Alcatel-Lucent Technologies. With Nokia acquiring of Alcatel-Lucent Technologies, a new giant company is formed to better compete with infrastructure telecommunications as Cisco, and Ericson. Keywords: Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Labs, Business, Multi-cultural Assignment 1: Business Analysis Alcatel-Lucent is leading converged IP networking, ultra-broadband access, and could technologies company. On November 30, 2006, Alcatel-Lucent Technologies merge occurred by 25-billion-euro balance. It employed about 80,000 people worldwide and has annual revenue of about 16 billion euros. Alcatel-Lucent technologies combined two giant companies - Alcatel and Lucent Technologies. Lucent Technologies was spun off from AT&T while Alcatel parent company was CGE (la Compagnie Générale d’Electricité). Alcatel-Lucent Technologies Business Performance Three factors, either economic, social, or both, impacting the performance of the organization you selected Bell labs innovations have a unique research environment where scientists have the freedom to think and come up with emerging technologies that can be developed at Alcatel-Lucent. Bell labs gain its excellence reputation through its history of innovations such as programming...

Words: 825 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Shijil

...of seven children of James Fleming DD (died 1879… WILLIAM SHOCKLY,WALTER HOUSER BRATTAIN,JOHN BARDEEN. John Bardeen, William Shockley and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs, 1948. From November 17, 1947 to December 23, 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at AT&T's Bell Labs in the United States, performed experiments and observed that when two gold point contacts were applied to a crystal of germanium, a signal was produced with the output power greater than the inpuT THEY INVENTED THE TRANSISTORS…... ROBERT NOYSE,JACK KIBLY. THEY TWO INVENTED THE INTGRATED CIRCUITS….. The idea of integrating electronic circuits into a single device was born, when the German physicist and engineer Werner Jacobi (de) developed and patented the first known integrated transistor amplifier in 1949 and the British radio engineer Geoffrey Dummer proposed to integrate a variety of standard electronic components in a monolithic semiconductor crystal in 1952. A year later,Harwick Johnson filed a patent for a prototype integrated circuit (IC). MASATOSHI SHIMA,MARCIAN HOFF STANLY MAZOR. A microprocessor incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC),[1] or at most a few integrated circuits.[2] It is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input,...

Words: 330 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Lab Report Instructions

...Queen Mary University of London School of Engineering and Materials Science Laboratory report writing instructions DEN101 - Fluid Mechanics 1 Flow Rate Measurement Experiment A. Student Student Number: 1234567 Version 2.0, 27 November 2010 Template for Word 97-2003 Abstract This document explains what is expected in your Fluids 1 lab report. The sections that should be covered are outlined and a structure you could follow is proposed. Detailed advice on how to edit the report is given. The document concludes with the marking criteria for this lab report. Table of Contents Abstract 2 1. Introduction 3 1.1. Writing 3 1.2. Editing and formatting 3 1.3. Content of the introduction 4 2. Background and theory 4 3. Apparatus 4 4. Test 4 5. Experimental procedure 4 6. Results 5 7. Discussion 5 8. Conclusions 5 9. References 5 10. Appendix A: Marking criteria 6 Introduction Before starting to write a report, you should think about what is your audience. Am I writing for colleagues who want a lot of detail how it is done, or am I writing for my boss who just wants an executive summary as he has no time for details? In general, there is not a single type of audience and we have to make our writing suitable for the detailed read, as well as the fast perusal. To understand what is required from you in this report, please have a look at the marking criteria in the Appendix...

Words: 2017 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Unit 1 Pt1420

...Unit 1 Research 1 PT1420 In the 1970s the programming language that was most popular was Pascal. Pascal was designed in 1968-69 but published in 1970. Niklaus Wirth created the Pascal language to “1) make available a language suitable for teaching programming as a systematic discipline based on fundamental concepts clearly by the language, and 2) to define a language whose implementations could be both reliable and efficient on then-available computers. In 1972 the C programming language was developed by Dennis Ritchie. C was created to work with the system Unix. “Unix gives C such advanced features as dynamic variables, multitasking, interrupt handling, forking, and strong, low-level, input-output. Because of this, C is very commonly used to program operating systems such as Unix, Windows, the MacOS, and Linux.” In the 1980s the popular programming language was C++. C++ was developed at Bell Laboratories. C++ is a general purpose multi-paradigm spanning compiled language that has both high-level and low-level languages’ features. It was started as an enhancement to the C programming language, Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. In the 1990s Java was the popular programming language. It was created in 1991 developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and release in 1995. In the 2000s Visual Basic (VB) was popular in the programming world. VB was developed from BASIC which was originally developed in 1964 by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurts. VB is a Microsoft programing language and software...

Words: 261 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Indian Ipr

...2/16/2014 Intellectual Property creation witnessing steady growth in India: Report - Economic Times You are here: Home > Collections > India RELATED ARTICLES Budget 2012: Relax corporate tax and surcharges to boost... March 5, 2012 Intellectual Property creation witnessing steady growth in India: Report PTI Jun 26, 2013, 06.43PM IST Bharti Airtel gives IP contract to Alcatel Lucent India June 1, 2012 Tags: Texas Instruments general motors | Mercedes-Benz | investments | intellectual property | Intel | Hewlett-Packard | | gdp | Alstom | Alcatel Lucent Alcatel-Lucent launches IP Transformation Center Septemb er 8, 2009 IN-DEPTH COVERAGE India Intellectual Property Alcatel-lucent Alstom NEW DELHI: The country's contribution to Intellectual Property (IP) creation is witnessing a steady growth, however, investments in R&D and patent activities in the country are still relatively slow when compared to developed nations, a report says. According to globalisation and market expansion advisory firm Zinnov's study 'Enhancing the IP Quotient in MNC R&D centres', IP creation is witnessing steady growth in MNC R&D centres, but investments in R&D and patent activities in India are still relatively slow. (A sector-wise analysis…) The study further said India spends just 1 per cent of its GDP on R&D, while countries like Israel spends 4.2 per cent, Japan 3.7 per cent, US 2.7 per cent and China 2.0 per cent...

Words: 815 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

The Birth and Evolution of Transistors and Impact on the Transport Industry

...Electronics rely heavily on electronic switching and amplification to generate and capture the various signals which allow them to operate. A controllable valve that allows a small signal to control a much larger signal does this, and could be related to a controllable valve used in the control of water flow. This was once done by a device known as vacuum tube but was later brought down to a much lower production scale for a variety of industrial, economical and business related reasons. Bell Laboratories, the research arm of telecommunications company American Telephone and Telegraph’s (AT&T) director Mervin Kelly put together the first team of researchers and scientists placed on the task of research and development of a solid state-semiconductor later called a transistor that would supersede vacuum tubes and provide numerous advantages. The success of this development would prove to change the computing, electronics and telecommunications systems altogether. Up until the invention of the transistor a vacuum tube was used in the control, amplification and generation of electrical signals. Vacuum tubes are tubes usually made from glass and designed in an airtight manner as to keep the flow of “cathode rays” from external disturbance as they pass from each terminal and laid the foundation for numerous technical innovations, such as the light bulb discovered by Thomas Edison (fig. 1). Joseph John Thomson further made a vacuum tube and placed a third terminal to attain a grasp...

Words: 1787 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Blogging

...Blogging is popular among the people in today’s society, especially amongst teenagers. In fact, the number of blogs is exploding, with about 14 million existing blogs. On average, the number of blogs is doubling every five months. There are many advantages of blogging. Firstly, people can use as an online dairy, using it to share the day’s happening in her life with other visitors on the net. Furthermore, if the blogger (author of the blog) has met up with certain incidents in her life, he can share it on the blog and others can console or praise him, by giving comments or leaving a message in the blog’s tag board, depending on the incident. Blogging can also be a good way to relieve stress as some way wants to use their blog to vent out their frustration or pour out their woes when stress becomes too much for them. Some bloggers even use their blogs to flaunt their literati skills by posting poems about themselves or things around them. Secondly, bloggers can also use their blogs to inform others on a certain topic which happens to be his niche, thus allowing others who are interested in the topic to learn some tricks from the blog, they are also post questions to the blogger if they meet up with problems. Even Mr. Donald Trump is doing so, he launched the Trump Blog last month to share his insights into and answer questions about corporation ethics, personal success and business dilemmas. Other organizations are also using blogs to make announcements to...

Words: 663 - Pages: 3