...The Different Models of Leadership xxxxxx University of Phoenix The Different Models of Leadership There are many types of leadership models or theories. A quick Internet search will provide a variety of results. By filtering these results, leaders can find the appropriate style. Businesses can struggle if the right model or theory is not implemented within the organization. One consistent thing in life is change, and as society changes leaders must adapt to maintain competitiveness and efficiency. This adaptation allows leaders to keep employee satisfaction and productivity at high levels. A further analysis provides an examination of four different leadership models that includes situational leadership, transactional leadership, moral leadership, and visionary leadership. The need of the organization can determine which leadership model is the best, however; there may be one that is appropriate for any situation. Situational Leadership Leaders use Situational leadership to apply the appropriate behaviors and aspects of a certain situation that will be accepted by a subordinate (Wren, 1995, p. 207). Leaders and managers experience challenging tasks daily. Keeping employees motivated by using one certain style can be challenging. “Leadership effectiveness is thought to be enhanced if a manager uses the style of leadership that best matches the readiness, ability and willingness of subordinates and that a good match between leadership style and subordinate readiness leads...
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...Abstract Business strategy is important for organizations to operate, and it significantly impacts on every department of organizations. If the strategy has changed, it will cause many problems. In the process of implementing these changes, there is support or resistance from shareholders. This report focuses on analyzing BA’s strategic changes and dealing with managing these changes. In tradition, HRM is the organizational function that deals with requirement, training, assessment and rewarding of employees, while also managing people and the workplace culture and environment. Now the new role of HRM refers to overcome the challenge form implementing changes of organizational strategies. The case also indicates that the flexible HRM plays a significant role of dealing with the disputes between employees and management. Key words: strategy management, British Airways, change management, labor dispute Implication of strategic change in British Airways 1. Introduction Generally, a company makes strategies based on the changing environment. But if the strategies changes, there are many barriers to conduct. Human resource is performed as the most valuable asset of organizations. How to manage and more efficiently utilize the asset is so significant for organization to operate and develop. Obviously, there are resistance form employees. Therefore, human resource department is responsible for coordination in the organization. Human...
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...There’s no place like home | | Homelessness started as far as the 1930’s when the stock market crashed causing “The Great Depression”. During this time people lost jobs and their homes. People were devastated at the fact that that they were forced to sell their belongings. Later on in the years homelessness began to increase after the war because the vets couldn’t find jobs and were forced to live on the street because no one would hire them. The reason that there are so many people homeless is because the economy. People can’t find jobs so they have to sell their home and downgrade to a smaller home or apartment. Often there are times when families are broken up because the husband can’t provide for his family and they end up on the streets. The root cause of being homeless can be explained by economics, it’s said that people who become homeless are going through a financial issue and are unable to obtain or maintain their homes. Research shows that 83% of the homeless population experience episodic, transitional, or temporary periods of homelessness. The challenges that people in poverty ridden areas in trying to keep their get a home is the level of the housing cost burden. When housing is 30% or less of monthly income then it is considered to be affordable. Data collected from the US Census Bureau’s 2010 American Community Survey shows that 75% of the households at or below the poverty line are severely housing cost burdened. When your housing accounts for 50% or...
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...Emotional Control Final Negotiations – Closing the Deal Final Tips Traits of a Great Negotiator Successful Techniques Unsuccessful Techniques Summary The Art of Negotiation Objectives: Successful negotiation is an art form that comes naturally to some, but must be learned by most. This module will discuss skills necessary to successfully negotiate goals and objectives in your personal and professional life. Skills will be broken down into specific elements that may enhance or impede any outcome. Introduction If we poll an audience and ask them for the first thought that comes to mind when they think of the term ‘negotiation’, the most often responses will include labor, contract or political negotiations. Yet negotiations play a major role in all aspects of our professional and personal lives.1 In the workplace we negotiate with our patients and their families and friends to obtain their full consent and cooperation. We negotiate with our peers, managers, physician staff and other healthcare workers, state and federal regulators and the list goes on and on. In our personal lives we negotiate with our neighbors, our family and our friends. Any discussion that requires a decision at some level with an expected or unexpected outcome involves and requires negotiating skills. Think of the last time you discussed a project that involved your property and your neighbors. Was there any discussion with your family about attending a function...
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...CHAPTER 1 APPROACHING THE MATERIAL It's the first chapter in the text for a course that most of your students wish they did not have to take. My class opens with an admission that I am very aware of this fact, and have a big job responsibility – to explain why it was worthwhile to spend my life working with economics and that it will pay them to learn why. Chapter 1 is about how economists think, and why they think that way. In my opinion the most important concepts to convey are: 1 Why economists use models instead of collecting facts in an ad hoc manner. The emergency room algorithm seems to work fairly well, possibly because it immediately turns a popular fable (the importance of personalized medical relationships) on its head. The doctor is more likely to make a correct diagnosis when time and information are scarce by treating you as a random sample from the population, asking you questions known to reliably distinguish heart attacks from other conditions, and asking no other questions. That's the same reason you start with supply and demand when faced with a problem in a market you have not encountered before. 2 The most basic ideas of rationality and choice under constraints, plus a refresher on opportunity cost, marginal reasoning, and competition in general. 3 The importance of limited and costly information in models and life. Most students believe that knowledge is power, but only because they have heard it mindlessly repeated by so many...
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...CHAPTER 1 APPROACHING THE MATERIAL It's the first chapter in the text for a course that most of your students wish they did not have to take. My class opens with an admission that I am very aware of this fact, and have a big job responsibility – to explain why it was worthwhile to spend my life working with economics and that it will pay them to learn why. Chapter 1 is about how economists think, and why they think that way. In my opinion the most important concepts to convey are: 1 Why economists use models instead of collecting facts in an ad hoc manner. The emergency room algorithm seems to work fairly well, possibly because it immediately turns a popular fable (the importance of personalized medical relationships) on its head. The doctor is more likely to make a correct diagnosis when time and information are scarce by treating you as a random sample from the population, asking you questions known to reliably distinguish heart attacks from other conditions, and asking no other questions. That's the same reason you start with supply and demand when faced with a problem in a market you have not encountered before. 2 The most basic ideas of rationality and choice under constraints, plus a refresher on opportunity cost, marginal reasoning, and competition in general. 3 The importance of limited and costly information in models and life. Most students believe that knowledge is power, but only because they have heard it mindlessly repeated by so many authorities...
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...Introduction According to the U.S. Department of Labor, unemployment rates have increased to 7.9 percent. The unemployment rate can be defined as the number of people actively looking for a job as to the percentage of the labor force. Although statistics show an increase has occurred, there has also been an increase in higher education jobs. Higher education growth has been steady, stable and greater than overall U.S. jobs. The market share of higher education jobs compared to all U.S. jobs continued to increase and a trend has persisted for several years. Individuals who complete educational programs possess the qualities employers are seeking. These strong qualities include the willingness to learn, initiative, and organizational abilities. By pursuing a high level of education that is consistent with the interests and abilities, the career goals are likely to be reached. Statement of the problem Can having a higher education offer you more job opportunities? Is higher education a promise to less risk of unemployment? Are there clear indications that there’s a relationship between higher education and lower unemployment rates? Objectives 1. The underlying question to be answered is to determine if higher education promises less risk of unemployment? Hypothesis Null Hypothesis- The risk of unemployment is not affected by higher education Alternative Hypothesis- Higher education affects the risk of unemployment Methods We are planning to test correlation on...
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...asist her about that machine. 2nd Question: Do you think setting up an HR unit in the main office would help? - Setting up an HR unit in the main office would help the managers. Through the HR unit the bank can employ the educated bankers and reduce turnover ratios. I mean, because of HR unit will work for supervisors’ and line managers’ needs, the employee which apply the job probably educated by HR unit about the which machine or computer software does he/ she have to. As a result of HR unit, turnovers decrase and efficiency increases in the bank. 3rd Question: What specific functions should an HR unit carry out? What HR functions would then be carried out by supervisors and other line managers? What role should the Internet play in the new HR organization? - A Line Function: The human resource manager directs the activities of the people in his or her own department and perhaps in related areas. - A Coordinative Function: The human resource manager also coordinates personnel activities, a duty often referred to as functional authority. Here, he or she...
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...Australian Broadcasting Corporation Broadcast: 12/04/2011 Reporter: Michelle Ainsworth There are calls for more funding to be put into the mental health system. Mental health advocates fear more lives will be lost if more support is not given to the sector. Transcript LEIGH SALES: The battle over scarce government dollars is in its final weeks ahead of the Federal Budget on May 10th. The Cabinet met today to discuss what's in and out and tomorrow night, the Prime Minister will set out her framework for what's already being sold as a tough budget. Mental health advocates are concerned that promises to support their sector might not materialise. They say more lives will be lost unless billions of dollars in extra funding goes to mental health. Michelle Ainsworth reports from Canberra. DR ELIZABETH SCOTT, CLINICAL PSYCHIATRIST: I think the mental health system in Australia at the moment is really at a crisis point. PAULA KNOWLES, MOTHER: It is a parent's worst nightmare. PROF. IAN HICKIE, BRAIN & MIND RESEARCH INSTITUTE: We know what to do, largely when to do it, but our shambolic system fails to deliver that for people in the greatest need. BRONTE O'BRIEN: Life was incredibly confusing and incredibly overwhelming and I found myself trying to mask my feelings through using drugs. KEVIN RUDD, FORMER PRIME MINISTER: We need as a nation to live our game. JULIA GILLARD, PRIME MINISTER: I want to be absolutely...
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...Graduate Research Project Age Diversity Analysis Literature Review The subject of age diversity has been written about for many decades. It has now becoming more prominent over the past decade. There has been a noticeable increase in the work place since 2008 and the beginning of the “great recession”. Much of the literature that is out dealing with age diversity deals with the aging workforce that is on the increase, and shows no sign of slowing down. Stephen Fineman discusses how work organizations human resources run their departments when it comes to the older worker. Dr. Emma Parry, Shaun Tyson and Stephen Fineman all spend a considerable amount of time on discrimination of the older worker in its different forms such as ageism, lookism, and cultural. All of the literature used in this research project agrees that the current culture and norms of our society must change. Even though it is starting to change in some areas, it is not changing at a fast enough rates to stop discrimination from happing to the older worker. Most of the article and books talk about the challenges that management has dealing with the processes of dealing with age diversity in the work place. The literature that touched on most areas that were discussed in this research project was the works by Dr. Emma Parry and Shaun Tyson. Organization Age by Stephen Fineman was brief and concise in his areas that touched on the great recession and the losses that were suffered in the stock market...
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...|HUMAN RESOURCE POLICIES AND PRACTICES | LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, students should be able to: 1. Contrast job descriptions with job specifications. 2. List the advantages of performance simulation tests over written tests. 3. Define four general skill categories. 4. Describe how career planning has changed in the last 20 years. 5. Explain the purposes of performance evaluation. 6. Describe actions that can improve the performance-evaluation process. 7. Clarify how the existence of a union affects employee behavior. 8. Identify the content in a typical diversity-training program. CHAPTER OVERVIEW An organization’s human resource policies and practices represent important forces for shaping employee behavior and attitudes. In this chapter, we specifically discussed the influence of selection practices, training and development programs, performance evaluation systems, and the existence of a union. Selection Practices An organization’s selection practices will determine who gets hired. If properly designed, they will identify competent candidates and accurately match them to the job and the organization. The use of the proper selection devices will increase the probability that the right person will be chosen to fill a slot. While employee selection is far from a science, some organizations fail...
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...Wage Methodology for the Temporary Non-Agricultural Employment H-2B Program This Rule document was issued by the Employment and Training Administration (ETA) Action Interim final rule; request for comments. Summary The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Department of Labor (DOL) (jointly referred to as the Departments) are amending regulations governing certification for the employment of nonimmigrant workers in temporary or seasonal non-agricultural employment. This interim final rule revises how DOL provides the consultation that DHS has determined is necessary to adjudicate H-2B petitions by revising the methodology by which DOL calculates the prevailing wages to be paid to H-2B workers and U.S. workers recruited in connection with the application for certification; the prevailing wage is then used in petitioning DHS to employ nonimmigrant workers in H-2B status. DOL and DHS are jointly issuing this rule in response to the court's order in Comité de Apoyo a los Trabajadores Agricolas v. Solis, which vacated portions of DOL's current prevailing wage rate regulation, and to ensure that there is no question that the rule is in effect nationwide in light of other outstanding litigation. This rule also contains certain revisions to DHS's H-2B rule to clarify that DHS is the Executive Branch agency charged with making determinations regarding eligibility for H-2B classification, after consulting with DOL for its advice about matters with which DOL has expertise, particularly...
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...‘Double Hegemony’? State and Class in American Foreign Economic Policymaking CHRISTOPH SCHERRER, UNIVERSITY OF KASSEL Published in: Amerikastudien 46 (2001, 4), 573-591. ABSTRACT The paper introduces research on transatlantic relations done by neo-Gramscian authors. This research is distinctive by focusing on class in international relations and by using the concept of hegemony in a relational sense. Hegemony is leadership through the active consent of other classes and groups. A central question of this neo-Gramscian research is whether an international class of capitalists has emerged. Some authors have answered in the positive. This paper, however, maintains that hegemony in the international realm is still exercised by the American state, though its foreign economic policies have been greatly influenced by internationally-oriented corporations and that these actors have increasingly found allies among economic elites in other countries. The paper explores the relationship between hegemony by the American state and by internationally-oriented capital groups against the backdrop of transatlantic relations in the post-war period and the current debate on labor rights in international trade agreements. 1. Introduction The United States government has been, without doubt, the decisive force in establishing and shaping the main multilateral institutions of the world market since the Second World War. It has consistently pursued the opening of other nations’ markets to gain...
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...Wal Mart A Proposal on How Wal-Mart Can Reduce High Employee Turnover Tiffanie Jenkins GM 591 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. branded as Wal-Mart since 2008 and Wal-Mart before then, is an American public multinational corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. The company is the world's 18th largest public corporation, according to the Forbes Global 2000 list, and the largest public corporation when ranked by revenue. It is also the biggest private employer in the world with over 2 million employees. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962, incorporated on October 31, 1969, and publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972. It is headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas. Wal-Mart is also the largest grocery retailer in the United States. In 2009, it generated 51% of its US$258 billion sales in the U.S. from grocery business. It also owns and operates the Sam's Club retail warehouses in North America. Wal-Mart has 8,500 stores in 15 countries, under 55 different names. The company operates under its own name in the United States, including the 50 states and Puerto Rico. Walton was extremely successful in running the store in Newport, far exceeding expectations. However, when the lease came up for renewal, Walton could neither come to agreement on the existing store's lease renewal nor find a new location in Newport. Instead, he opened a new Ben Franklin franchise in Bentonville, Arkansas, but called it "Walton's Five...
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...Wal Mart A Proposal on How Wal-Mart Can Reduce High Employee Turnover Tiffanie Jenkins August 21, 2011 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. branded as Wal-Mart since 2008 and Wal-Mart before then, is an American public multinational corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. The company is the world's 18th largest public corporation, according to the Forbes Global 2000 list, and the largest public corporation when ranked by revenue. It is also the biggest private employer in the world with over 2 million employees. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962, incorporated on October 31, 1969, and publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972. It is headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas. Wal-Mart is also the largest grocery retailer in the United States. In 2009, it generated 51% of its US$258 billion sales in the U.S. from grocery business. It also owns and operates the Sam's Club retail warehouses in North America. Wal-Mart has 8,500 stores in 15 countries, under 55 different names. The company operates under its own name in the United States, including the 50 states and Puerto Rico. Walton was extremely successful in running the store in Newport, far exceeding expectations. However, when the lease came up for renewal, Walton could neither come to agreement on the existing store's lease renewal nor find a new location in Newport. Instead, he opened a new Ben Franklin franchise in Bentonville, Arkansas, but called it "Walton's...
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