...the workforce becomes more linguistically diverse. You may find yourself working with individuals whose native language is not English. Besides the obvious difficulty in understanding people whose language is different, there are other factors that challenge people who are trying to work harmoniously with others of a different background. People from different parts of the world have a different frame of reference, and they may display emotions differently and display different behaviors. Below is a list of common barriers to communication: * Language Barriers: Language is a very complex thing, and communication between people speaking different languages is difficult. Language is a way of looking at the world, and even skilled translators can find it tricky to convey complex emotions and concepts, which can lead to misunderstandings. For example when you think about how often you misunderstand someone speaking your language, you can imagine how hard it is to get the full meaning from something a person with a different cultural background is saying to you. * Behavior Differences: Behavior difference between employees of different cultures can cause misunderstandings. Every culture has guidelines about what is considered appropriate behavior. In some cultures, looking someone in the eye when they are talking to you is considered rude, while in other cultures refraining from doing so is considered disrespectful. Getting right to the point at a business meeting may be...
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...Culture * Culture refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. * Culture is the systems of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people. * Culture is communication, communication is culture. * Culture in its broadest sense is cultivated behavior; that is the totality of a person's learned, accumulated experience which is socially transmitted, or more briefly, behavior through social learning. * A culture is a way of life of a group of people--the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. * Culture is symbolic communication. Some of its symbols include a group's skills, knowledge, attitudes, values, and motives. The meanings of the symbols are learned and deliberately perpetuated in a society through its institutions. * Culture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behavior acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts; the essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and especially their attached values; culture...
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...,Introduction * Anthropology -The study of the lives and cultures of human beings, alive or dead. -They also study the evolution of these cultures over time as well as significant changes. * Sociology -Sociology is the study of human social life, groups, and societies. -They also study the interactions among these groups and the individuals within them. * Psychology -The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. -Psychologists look at how the brain functions and what is the result on peoples personalities, behaviors, and attitudes. <Introduction to Sociology> * What is sociology? - The social science discipline that looks at the development and structure of human society (institutions) and how it works - Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior * Sociology subjects matter - Sociologists investigate the structure of groups, organizations, and societies, and how people interact within these contexts * Hierarchy - Hierarchy is the ranking system used in any particular environment based on authority or power - Each position or role requires a certain type of expertise which is valued by society - In order to distinguish between these roles people are expected to dress and act in a certain way - On any given day we can play many different roles in society – eg. A parent can drive their kids to school and then go to work and teach their students * The roles...
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...America Deaf Culture After reading the book, Reading Between the Signs, I realized that there was a big difference between the America deaf culture and my culture. This book aimed at the audience who study sign language or sign language interpreters. It focused on the different aspects of culture instead of the language expression. Firstly, the author, Anna Mindess, describes the study of the culture. She cited the reference that Tylor said “ culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”. Then Anna selected topics in intercultural communication, such as the collectivism and individualism, high context and low context, and time orientation. Finally, she talked about the American deaf culture, which is my favorite part in the book. Now, I would like to describe the chapter of America deaf culture that I read from the book. This describes the perspectives of insiders who live in deaf culture and outsider who just study deaf culture. Anna discusses the development of deaf culture that deaf children attended to residential school and hard to communicate with hearing people in the past, while the recent developments of deaf culture are disappearing. The reason is that the deaf culture did not have some rules that deaf people have to live in the deaf culture and they wants to become rich or full people. So it means they have to become enculturated...
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...What exactly does culture mean? Is it something material you can touch? Or is it something immaterial, such as values and beliefs? Or is it our customs and traditions, our festivals and celebrations? While anthropologists have vacillated between material and nonmaterial definitions of culture, today most would agree with a more inclusive definition of culture: the thoughts, behaviors, languages, customs, the things we produce and the methods we use to produce them. It is this, the human ability to create and transmit culture, that differentiates us as humans from the rest of the animal world. The essential feature of culture, that it is learned and transmitted from one generation to the next, rests on the human capacity to think symbolically. Language, perhaps the most important feature, is a symbolic form of communication. The word table, for example, is nothing other than a symbol for the actual thing, a table. Language is a form of communication. Without language, culture could not be transmitted, people could not learn from one another across generations, and there would be no cultural continuity. Simply because culture is transmitted through symbols whose meanings remain more or less constant doesn't mean that cultures are static and don't change. On the contrary, cultures are never truly static. Which of us does not remember a grandparent comparing life today with the one s/he grew up in? The changes that took place between his/her lifetime and ours represent subtle...
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...the culture and its relationship to nonverbal activity. Personal–contextual and the static–dynamic dia- lectics. Although nonverbal communication can be highly dynamic, personal space, gestures, and facial expressions are fairly static patterns of specific non- verbal communication codes. Their interpretation will vary depending upon its context and culture that it is being communicated to. The chapter talks about how different the dynamics of intercultural nonverbal communication are across different cultural groups. In this ICC artifact assignment we will examine and look at the topic of The Cochlear implant controversy. The controversy involves the scientific hearing assistance breakthrough device for the deaf community, and whether or not its use and development will be the ultimate removal of and extinction of the deaf community as a culture. The following essay will examine the relevance and truth to this argument and examine the negative and positive manifestations to the Deaf culture from the development and use of the Cochlear Implant itself. The Chapter talks about several research findings about nonverbal communication. Research investigating the universality of nonverbal communication has focused on four areas: (1) the relationship of human behavior to that of primates (particularly chimpanzees) (p. (2) nonverbal communication of sensory-deprived children who are blind or deaf, (3) facial expressions, and (4) universal functions of nonverbal social behavior. Chimpanzees...
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...Language and Culture Differences in cultural language: what is the significance and how does it affect the world? As the world becomes more interconnected by technological advances, the need for interpersonal communication among different cultures has become evidently clear. It is quite obvious that one's culture affects almost all of one's communication behaviors. In “Language Reflects Culture,” and article written by Margaret Cote, she states that “language determines the way a person views the world” (Cote, 1985). She writes about how the Indian people view their surroundings differently than English speaking people. Cote goes on to make a personal statement as to how she sees the world in two different ways, depending on the language she is speaking. In this paper I will discuss how behavior and attitudes are determined by the language one speaks and how language reflects a culture. When considering attitudes and behaviors, one's culture can determine the way an individual processes information and how they cope with reality. Within every culture, frames of reference differ when it comes to concepts and objects. The meaning of a particular word partly depends on the culture's historical relation to the concept or object described. As Margaret Cote states in her article, the Saulteaux people are particular in their usage of the words. Such example would be with the usage of we and you. Their usage of these words are reflective of whether or not they are being...
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...PSY 410 Defining Abnormalities Gender and sexual preferences/practices Gender and gender roles have different influences. Prenanatal exposure to androgen or the media both show influences (Kenyon, 2006). To be in consideration of normal a boy child should play with a truck and a girl a doll. Many children like to experiment, such as a little boy who wants to try on his “mommy’s” shoes. The able normal behavior occurs if the little boy prefers mommy’s clothing over that of his specific gender. Although in society no one seems to look twice at a women wearing men’s clothing. It is difficult to define what normal and abnormal behavior by gender and sexual preferences or practices in a changing world. The DSM-II defines sexual orientation disorders as a person who is in conflict with his or her own sexual identity, disturbed by the sexual identity, or a desire to change his or her own sexual identity (DSM-II Homosexuality_Revision.pdf, 1973). This should not be in confusion with homosexuality. Homosexuality is the sexual activity between two members of the same gender (Lecture 21, 2010). Homosexuality was historically a sexual deviation disorder according to the DSM-II. However, during the 60s and 70s the definition of homosexuality was reexamined and was no longer thought to be a disorder. The reexamination states defining homosexuality as a disorder was on a basis of values not on the collection of data. The DSM-III made the changes necessary to form a new category...
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...annoyed or a little angry beacause it is so difficult for someone to immediately accepted by the other party. But that extreme irritation will go when we think ... that he is just differently conditioned and simple words mean he can't get out of that condition. One has to recognize that whatever the future may hold, countries and people differ .in their approach to life and how they live in this beautiful words and how they thing about this wonder world.so in order to understand them (other people) it is very important to understand their way of life and approach. and finally we want to convince them, we need touse their language as far as we can, not language in the narrow sense or limit of the word, but the language of the mind. because that is one necessity....
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...Language is the most common, powerful, and preferred medium of communication. However, it becomes a source of barriers due to inappropriate use. Language, further, is extremely flexible- that is what makes it so versatile to use. Ironically, this can create problems of comprehension when handled ineffectively. Regardless of culture, a kind of verbal sparring occurs when strangers meet, each seeking to determine which topics are acceptable and noncontroversial. Additionally the tone of voice of one’s initial words can influence your initial perception of whether the meeting is positive or negative. If you traveled abroad or flew on flight airlines, you may have been surprised at the volume level of some person’s speech. What to us is loud and raucous, perhaps sounding like a fight, is considered normal and accepted by Arabs. Some Japanese use little volume, again accepted and part of a cultural heritage. Tonal languages, such as Cantonese, demand more volume to suggest changes in word meanings, English less so. Language/Semantic Barriers. Lack of Common Language: A very basic problem, this occurs when two people do not share a common language at all. In the modern multi-state, multi-nation business world, this can become a major barrier. The only way this barrier can be resolved is to have an open mind and show respect to other languages. One should also try to get familiar to those languages, which are absolutely necessary for day-to-day function. Faulty Translations: Unfortunately...
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...the name of “The Journey” was released. According to the lunar calendar of the Chinese culture, the released date is the eve of Chinese New year. Chiu Keng Guan, who directed this Malaysian Chinese production has received a number of feedback from the audience. The plot of this film is based on Malaysian culture which consists of multiple race of Malaysia and intercultural relation. The Journey tells a story where the main actress, Joanne Yew (Bee) returns home after further educating studies at England returns home to her widower father, Frankie Lee Sai Peng (Uncle Chuan) with her fiancé Ben Pfeifer (Benji) seeking for her father’s blessing. This movie tells a story of how Benji and Uncle Chuan encounter language barriers and also cultural differences. Despite that Uncle Chuan had reluctantly allowing them to get married, the remarkable journey of how both of them hand-deliver wedding card invitation to Uncle Chuan’s childhood friends throughout the peninsular Malaysia. From this movie, the first portrayal of a strong culture comes from Uncle Chuan, an Asian Chinese father despite being strict, unable to express their feelings and so on. As to Benji, raised in England with a different culture and also a childish behavior making it hard for Uncle Chuan to accept a different culture. In this movie, Chinese traditions and the cultures is strongly portrayed. For example, according to the culture, hand-delivering wedding invitation cards to friends and relatives brings out the sincerity...
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...DEFINITIONS Culture is the characteristics of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts. Today, in the United States as in other countries populated largely by immigrants, the culture is influenced by the many groups of people that now make up the country. * Culture refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. * Culture is the systems of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people. * Culture is communication, communication is culture. * Culture in its broadest sense is cultivated behavior; that is the totality of a person's learned, accumulated experience which is socially transmitted, or more briefly, behavior through social learning. * A culture is a way of life of a group of people--the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next. * Culture is symbolic communication. Some of its symbols include a group's skills, knowledge, attitudes, values, and motives. The meanings of the symbols are learned and deliberately perpetuated in a society through its institutions...
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...year 2080, the world population estimated around 10,000,000,000 people around the world. Latest official estimates of the current global population by mid-2011, estimated at 6,928,198,253 people around the world (Rosenberg, World Population - The Current World Population, 2011). From the 7 billion populations in the world, they certainly have a different background, such as country, language, race, culture, religion, customs etc. People as a human being cannot live alone without others people. They must communicate with each other. Language is the way of communication. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to show to the people how to communicate with each other in different background especially in Global Business Communication. The expectation is the readers will learn how to using and understand the way people communicate, base on every aspect of their background. Business definition itself is a commercial activity engaged in as a means of livelihood or profit, or an entity which engages in such activities (WebFinance, 2012). In this paper, there will be the research and analyzing personal behavior and attitudes in a country and the relationship with others country. The countries that will be research and analyze are: Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia-China, Indonesia Singapore. Chapter II: Research The research divided into three groups: Indonesia-Malaysia, Indonesia-China, Indonesia-Singapore. Because those countries located in the same area that is Asia and also because...
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...3: Culture While this Hong Kong pedestrian appears not to notice the Nike billboard behind him, featuring NBA star LeBron James wearing the Air Zoom sneaker, the Chinese people certainly did notice. The Oregon-based Nike corporation was forced to pull its “Chamber of Fear” promotion, based on a Bruce Lee movie, after an outraged public objected to the image of a U.S. athlete defeating a kung fu master. In the global marketplace, cultural differences can undermine even the most elaborate promotional campaign. inside Culture and Society Development of Culture around the World Elements of Culture Culture and the Dominant Ideology Case Study: Culture at Wal-Mart Cultural Variation Social Policy and Culture: Bilingualism Boxes Sociology in the Global Community: Life in the Global Village Sociology in the Global Community: Cultural Survival in Brazil Sociology on Campus: A Culture of Cheating? “Nacirema culture is characterized by a highly developed market economy which has evolved in a rich natural habitat. While much of the people's time is devoted to economic pursuits, a large part of the fruits of these labors and a considerable portion of the day are spent in ritual activity. The focus of this activity is the human body, the appearance and health of which loom as a dominant concern in the ethos of the people. While such a concern is certainly not unusual, its ceremonial aspects and associated philosophy are unique. The fundamental belief underlying the whole...
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...1. Culture is organic and supra-organic: It is organic when we consider the fact that there is no culture without human society. It is supra organic, because it is far beyond any individual lifetime. Individuals come and go, but culture remains and persists Calhoun (op cit). 2. Culture is overt and covert: It is generally divided into material and non-material cultures. Material culture consists of any tangible human made objects such as tools, automobiles, buildings, etc. Non- material culture consists of any non-physical aspects like language, belief, ideas, knowledge, attitude, values, etc. 3. Culture is explicit and implicit: It is explicit when we consider those actions which can be explained and described easily by those who perform them. It is implicit when we consider those things we do, but are unable to explain them, yet we believe them to be so. 4. Culture is ideal and manifest (actual): Ideal culture involves the way people ought to behave or what they ought to do. Manifest culture involves what people actually do. 5. Culture is stable and yet changing: Culture is stable when we consider what people hold valuable and are handing over to the next generation in order to maintain their norms and values. However, when culture comes into contact with other cultures, it can change. However, culture changes not only because of direct or indirect contact between cultures, but also through innovation and...
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