...Challenges to Criminal Law Making in the New Global Information Society: A Critical Comparative Study of the Adequacies of Computer-Related Criminal Legislation in the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore Warren B. Chik* Introduction Computer and Internet usage is on the rise due to lower costs of computer ownership and connectivity as well as faster and easier accessibility. As it is another mode of commercial and personal transaction and one that is heavily dependent on interaction through computers and automatic agents rather than face-to-face meetings, which increases distance and allows anonymity, it is another avenue for crimes to perpetuate. “Computer Crime” encompasses crimes committed against the computer, the materials contained therein such as software and data, and its uses as a processing tool. These include hacking, denial of service attacks, unauthorized use of services and cyber vandalism. “Cyber Crime” describes criminal activities committed through the use of electronic communications media. One of the greatest concerns is with regard to cyber-fraud and identity theft through such methods as phishing, pharming, spoofing and through the abuse of online surveillance technology. There are also many other forms of criminal behaviour perpetrated through the use of information technology such as harassment, defamation, pornography, cyber terrorism, industrial espionage and some regulatory offences. The existing criminal laws in most countries...
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...Challenges to Criminal Law Making in the New Global Information Society: A Critical Comparative Study of the Adequacies of Computer-Related Criminal Legislation in the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore Warren B. Chik* Introduction Computer and Internet usage is on the rise due to lower costs of computer ownership and connectivity as well as faster and easier accessibility. As it is another mode of commercial and personal transaction and one that is heavily dependent on interaction through computers and automatic agents rather than face-to-face meetings, which increases distance and allows anonymity, it is another avenue for crimes to perpetuate. “Computer Crime” encompasses crimes committed against the computer, the materials contained therein such as software and data, and its uses as a processing tool. These include hacking, denial of service attacks, unauthorized use of services and cyber vandalism. “Cyber Crime” describes criminal activities committed through the use of electronic communications media. One of the greatest concerns is with regard to cyber-fraud and identity theft through such methods as phishing, pharming, spoofing and through the abuse of online surveillance technology. There are also many other forms of criminal behaviour perpetrated through the use of information technology such as harassment, defamation, pornography, cyber terrorism, industrial espionage and some regulatory offences. The existing criminal laws in most countries...
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...(housing accommodation benefit) for a non- director will be assessed based on the lower of: the annual value of the accommodation provided or 10% of the employee’s remuneration inclusive of all other benefits except hotel accommodation. Therefore, housing benefit will be assessed at $22,100 because it is assessed based on the lower of (10% x 221,000= $22,100) or annual value of rental apartment of $60,000. Home leave passage According to Singapore tax law, home leave passage is provided by the employer to nonSingaporeans and non-permanent residents, the benefit is assessable to tax based on 20% of the cost to the employer. This concessionary treatment only can apply to ONE return leave passage per annum each for the employee and spouse, and TWO return passage for each child of employee per annum if child should be unmarried, under 16 years old or otherwise receiving full-time education or incapacitated. Therefore, in this package 1, Mr Rouse will be assessed for home leave passage at: 20% x 5,000= $1,000 Relocation passage According to Singapore tax law, relocation passages are by concession not a taxable benefit on the employee so that all the relocation expenses is not taxable benefit for Mr Rouse. b> Package 1: $ Salary Annual rental of apartment Home leave passage (20% x 5000) Statutory income Less: donation Assessable income Less : Relief Chargeable income Tax on 1st $160,000 Balance @ 17% (238,100 – 160,000) x 17% 220,000 22,100 1,000 243,100 NIL 243,100 (5,000) 238,100 15,500...
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...Contents 1.0 Introduction 2 2.0 Macro-environment analysis 3 2.1 Laws & Politics 3 2.2 The Economy 3 2.3 Technology 3 2.4 Demographics 4 2.5 Social Issues and the Natural Environment 4 3.0 The Competitive Environment 5 3.1 Competitors 5 3.2 New Entrants 5 3.3 Substitutes and Complements 5 3.4 Suppliers 5 3.5 Customers 5 4.0 SWOT Analysis 6 5.0 The Functions of Management 7 5.1 Planning 7 5.2 Organizing 7 5.3 Leading 7 5.4 Controlling 7 6.0 Conclusion 8 7.0 Recommendations 8 List of References 9 1.0 Introduction CHASSasia (Singapore) Pte ltd is a Singapore based Information Technology Consulting company with over a decade of experience in delivering premium IT solutions to customers in Singapore and the rest of Asia. The company specializes in Consulting, Architecting, Building, Deploying and Managing customer’s Enterprise Infrastructure and Line of Business Concerns. The services that the company provides vary from Infrastructure solutions, in-house custom software development, and helpdesk support to computer hardware sales. The company mission is “We provide information technology solutions and services for businesses by providing seamless support with quality service through a strong focus on people development, offering stakeholders the best returns.” (CHASSasia, 2012) CHASSasia (Singapore) also has a wide range of customers. Below are a few significant ones: * StreetDirectory.com, *...
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...reputation for producing best in class brands of electronics, and is recognized for cutting edge technology and aesthetic design. It has built a loyal following from electronics enthusiasts in its native Japan as well as other Asian and European electronics markets. Phoneson wants to extend its brand into the highly competitive North American market and sees standard Internet and GPS functionalities in its cell phones and PDAs as the key to its success. In order to offer its products as a high end alternative to the established North American competitors and at its existing top market price, Phoneson has decided to spend millions of dollars on aggressive marketing. It plans to cut production costs by having Semicontronics produce its computer chips instead of its existing...
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...reputation for producing best in class brands of electronics, and is recognized for cutting edge technology and aesthetic design. It has built a loyal following from electronics enthusiasts in its native Japan as well as other Asian and European electronics markets. Phoneson wants to extend its brand into the highly competitive North American market and sees standard Internet and GPS functionalities in its cell phones and PDAs as the key to its success. In order to offer its products as a high end alternative to the established North American competitors and at its existing top market price, Phoneson has decided to spend millions of dollars on aggressive marketing. It plans to cut production costs by having Semicontronics produce its computer chips instead of its existing...
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...a reputation for producing best in class brands of electronics, and is recognized for cutting edge technology and aesthetic design. It has built a loyal following from electronics enthusiasts in its native Japan as well as other Asian and European electronics markets. Phoneson wants to extend its brand into the highly competitive North American market and sees standard Internet and GPS functionalities in its cell phones and PDAs as the key to its success. In order to offer its products as a high end alternative to the established North American competitors and at its existing top market price, Phoneson has decided to spend millions of dollars on aggressive marketing. It plans to cut production costs by having Semicontronics produce its computer chips instead of its existing...
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...Analysis of Differences in Marketing Environment between Singapore and the U.S.A. March 05, 2013 Analysis of Differences in Marketing Environments between Singapore and the U.S.A. Abstract My motivation for analyzing the differences in marketing environments between Singapore and the United States was to be able to gain more knowledge of the marketing environment that lies between these two countries. The method that I used to approach this report was reading one book on international marketing and several websites that contained several topics and information regarding these countries. After analyzing the methods that I used, I learned several important facts about Singapore and the United States. Also, I learned that both countries face different problems in diverse cultures. One of the greatest implications is that you cannot market to Singapore the same way you would in the United States because both countries desire different things. Introduction This paper analyses the differences in marketing environments between Singapore and the United States, and is structured into five tables. Table 1 presents general differences between Singapore and the USA; it also gives information on both countries. For example, it shows the differences in land size, population, and GDP. Table 2 discusses trade relationship between Singapore and the USA. It explains the U.S. exports and imports from and to Singapore over the past five years. It also explains the key products and services...
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...Case Study #1 Discussion Questions 1. Both Australia and Singapore are common law countries. Singatron and Semicontronics conclude their first round of negotiations with a Letter of Intent (LOI). If the deal falls through, will either party be bound to their commitments as detailed in the LOI? What can the parties do to limit the obligations to the terms of the LOI? Although LOI's may resemble a contract, they are not entirely binding. If the deal falls through neither party should be bound to any commitment outlined in the LOI unless there are provisions in the LOI like a non-disclosure agreement that is specified to be binding regardless of the status of the deal. To limit the obligations to the terms of the LOI a provision should be specified in the LOI that if the deal does fall through, what each side would like to happen - this can in turn protect both parties and avoid a legal confrontation later on. List ten areas of consideration Semicontronics should include in their contract to have Singatron manufacture computer chips. 1. Areas of consideration that Semicontronics should include in their contract should include: Does Singatron have the capabilities to manufacture the computer chips? 2. Will they meet these capabilities in good time? 3. How will they be delivered? 4. Will Singatron being new complicate the price per unit? 5. What does top quality mean? 6. Will Singatron provide a sample to be tested before mass production? 7. Is the...
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...| | [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] |Scholarship Positions Newsletter | 80 Scholarships are available undergraduate and postgraduate students to study at the University of Cambridge. International postgraduate applicants should apply by 2 December 2015, and home/EU postgraduate applicants by 6 January 2016. Never Miss a Scholarship: Apply on Time Cambridge International Scholarship Scheme (CISS) in UK, 2016-2017 Provided by: The University of Cambridge, via the Cambridge Trusts Courses: Research Program leading to the PhD Subjects: Multiple Subjects Eligible Students: International Students Application Deadline 2 December 2015 Apply Now Tags: 2016, Cambridge, Featured, International, PhD, Scholarship, September Week 1 (i), UK University of London Free Online Course On Brand Management Provided by: University of London & Coursera Application Deadline Course starts Oct 7, 2015 Tags: 2015, Coursera, Management, University MOOC JSPS Invitation Fellowships for International Applicants in Japan, 2016 Provided by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan Courses: Research Programme Subjects: Humanities, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences Eligible Students: International Applicants Application Deadline September 4, 2015...
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...million retailers, distributors, suppliers, and business partners nationwide. The company operates one of the largest mobile, fixed line, and broadband networks in the country, providing communications services to individual customers, small and medium-sized businesses, and corporate and enterprise clients. Globe currently has about 48.4 million mobile subscribers, nearly 3.5 million broadband customers, and 858.9 thousand landline subscribers. The company’s principal shareholders are Ayala Corporation and Singapore Telecom. It is listed on the Philippine Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol GLO and had a market capitalization of US$7.4 billion as of the end of June 2015. Globe Telecom’s principal executive office is located at The Globe Tower, 32nd Street corner 7th Avenue, Bonifacio Global City, Taguig, Metropolitan Manila, Philippines. History In 1928, Congress passed Act No. 3495 granting the Robert Dollar Company (a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of California), a franchise to operate wireless long-distance message services in the Philippines. Subsequently, Congress passed Act No. 4150 in 1934 to transfer the franchise and privileges of the Robert Dollar Company to Globe Wireless Limited, which was incorporated in the Philippines...
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...The JobsCentral Learning Rankings and Survey Report 2013 An annual study of the private higher education rankings and learning preferences in Singapore December 2013 This report is published by: JobsCentral Pte Ltd http://jobscentral.com.sg 3A International Business Park, #08-08, ICON@IBP, Tower A, Singapore 609935 Survey Contacts: Gerald Goh geraldgoh@jobscentral.com.sg | Jonathan Tay jonathantay@jobscentral.com.sg Copyright © 2013 JobsCentral Pte Ltd, a CareerBuilder company This document is copyrighted; any unauthorized use of it may violate copyright, trademark and other laws. For permission to use content from this document or reprints, please contact JobsCentral at geraldgoh@jobscentral.com.sg or call (65) 6778 5288 JobsCentral is a company. The JobsCentral Learning Rankings and Survey Report 2013 01 INTRODUCTION Since its launch in 2009, the JobsCentral Learning Rankings and Survey series is the largest and most comprehensive research on Singapore’s private education landscape. The report is based on an independent research project by the JobsCentral Group, and comprises two main categories: rankings of Singapore’s private education institutes (PEIs), and the learning preferences of the general population aged 16 and above. This year, 8,367 people responded to the online survey, which ran from 1st October to 3rd November. Incomplete and duplicated responses were discarded and do NOT contribute to this count. Results of this survey are statistically...
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...Trend Micro End User License Agreement Software: Trend Micro Internet Security for Dell Users Version: English/Multi-country Purpose: Trial and Paid Use License Date: December 2007 IMPORTANT: THE FOLLOWING AGREEMENT (“AGREEMENT”) SETS FORTH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH TREND MICRO INCORPORATED OR AN AFFILIATE ("TREND MICRO") IS WILLING TO LICENSE THE “SOFTWARE” AND ACCOMPANYING “DOCUMENTATION” TO “YOU” AS AN INDIVIDUAL USER OR AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF AN ENTITY. BY ACCEPTING THIS AGREEMENT, YOU ARE ENTERING INTO A BINDING LEGAL CONTRACT WITH TREND MICRO. THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE AGREEMENT THEN APPLY TO YOUR USE OF THE SOFTWARE AND SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES. PLEASE PRINT THIS AGREEMENT FOR YOUR RECORDS AND SAVE A COPY ELECTRONICALLY. You must read and accept this Agreement before you install or use the Software. If you are an individual, then you must be at least 18 years old and have attained the age of majority in the state, province or country where you live to enter into this Agreement. If you are acquiring the Software on behalf of an entity, then you must be properly authorized to represent that entity and to accept this Agreement on its behalf. If you are downloading or activating the Software for trial purposes or purchasing a license to the Software, you accept this Agreement by selecting the “I accept the Agreement” button or box below. If you or the entity you represent does not agree to the terms of this Agreement, select “I do not...
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...Asian business executive, in the plane. She is happy to learn that you are the international business development consultant for a multinational company. She becomes interested in your expertise and asks you to work as her company's consultant for a project involving new business development in Pakistan. Her company has just invented a revolutionary new CAD system for designing and weaving wool carpets that can improve the design and manufacturing productivity significantly. Several patents protect the unique design of this technological system. The CEO has asked you to formulate a recommendation for how to expand into Pakistan. Your choices are (i) to export to Pakistan from the manufacturing plant in Singapore, (ii) to license a Pakistani firm to manufacture and market the computer system in Pakistan and elsewhere, and (iii) to set up a wholly owned subsidiary in Pakistan. Select the best of the three choices for Ms. Chang. Support your recommendation by first evaluating the pros and cons of each alternative for Chang's company. This assignment is analytical in nature. You are expected to demonstrate your ability to convert your theoretical understanding of the modes of international business entry into practical applications. Therefore, I would hope that you will relate all of your answers to the situation in the case or the scene presented and not provide generic text book answers. Some factors that must be kept in mind to analyze the situation and make your recommendations...
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...forcesfor globality Increase expansion of international trade Rapid expansion of information technology Expansion of global communication and entertaintment Expansion of multinational, trans-national corporations and industries. Expansion of world organization and world politics. Issues of world poverty. Universal demand for human right and democracy. Environmental issues crossing national boundaries. Cultural conflicts. What was local is now global Economic crisis, financial fluctuations, disasters, inventions, politic events, entertainment, sports. Level of globalization impacts National states, organizations, individuals, facilitated by IT What is information technology is? Blurring of boundaries in IT Computer and phone. Computer and digital media Combination of hardware and software. The roles of IT Reduce costs, sources of innovation, improving quality of life, improving services, increasing access to services, increasing access to markets. Effects of IT Usage Individual usage – cohesive society, business usage – business innovation , government usage – effective government Global impacts. Increase in productivity, scalability, security, availability, increased access to resources such as open source software. Impact on sustainability ( green IT) IT History with focus on its global development Start of information processing: to record and communicate data. Over the centuries people...
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