...The Physical Health of Older People with Learning Disabilities: The Nurse’s Role Student Professor Course Date Introduction In the UK, the term “learning disability” is used to depict people who have an impairment of intellectual ability that strongly affects their daily activities. For that reason, they need constant supervision, help and care from authorized nursing personnel, in order to lead a rather normal life. Other countries use terms such as “intellectual disability” or “mental retardation”. (Perry, Hammond and Marston, 2010) According to Doctor Nicola Davies (2008), older patients that suffer from learning disabilities have greater physical healthcare need than other patients, however due to a lack of proper training of the nursing personnel or a misunderstanding of their requirements, their needs are most often neglected. People who suffer from learning disabilities are often faced with an inability to learn new skills or understand complex information, and with an impairing of their social function. This affects their development both physically and psychologically. (Davies, 2008) Lindsey (2002) states that people with learning disabilities have a lower understanding of a healthy lifestyle and have a reduced ability to detect illness. Usually, when people with learning disabilities feel ill, they do not draw the attention of others about their condition. For this reason, it is important for nurses to be highly aware for changes in the behavior of...
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...Special Education, Law, & Legal Issues, Policies & Procedures. Study Guide The study guide shows you how to move through the SPED Law and Legal issues Course in six weeks. You will want to tailor the weekly activities to your personal schedule and time commitment. Section Read View Study Activities Getting Ready to Pass Be sure you can access: 1. Course of Study (COS) 2. Learning Resources: Vital Source Text: Henley, M. R., Ramsey, R. S., & Algozzine, R. F. (2009). Characteristics of and strategies for teaching students with mild disabilities (6th ed.) UWillTeach Courses 3. External Websites: ParentCenter Hub IRIS Resource Locator 1. Watch the Welcome Video 2. Review the course competencies: Historical and Philosophical Foundations of Special Education Professional and ethical Practice Characteristics of Individuals with exceptional Learning Needs Special Education Law and Ethical Issues Special Education Policies and Procedure Connect with Course Mentors Email links: Dr. Amy Hughes x4920 Dr. Lynn Renz Brogan x4110 Set up a binder or online writing space for your Special Education Resource Manual Section Read View Study Activities Section 1 Historical Overview: Societal and Historical Issues, Landmark Court Cases and Laws Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) TEXT: Characteristics of Teaching Students with Mild Disabilities (Vital Source) Read: Chapter...
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...intellectual disability? It is characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior, which covers many everyday social and practical skills (AAIDD, 2013). It affects 1-3% of the population, and there are many causes of intellectual disability, but doctors find a specific reason in only 25% of cases (May 2013). Some of the causes linked to intellectual disabilities are, infections that can be present at birth or occurring after birth. Chromosomal abnormalities such as Downs Syndrome, it could be environmental, and it can be due to trauma (May, 2013). Other factors related to intellectual disabilities are metabolic, such as hyperbilirubinemia, very high bilirubin levels in babies. Nutritional issues such as malnutrition, toxic (intrauterine expose to alcohol, cocaine, amphetamine, and other drugs), unexplained reasons is the largest category for unexplained occurrences of intellectual disability (May, 2013). Now we will look at Autism. Autism is a group of disabilities that can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. (February,2015). Exact cause of autism is not known, but research has pointed to several possible factors, including genetics (hereditary), metabolic or neurological factors, certain types of infection, and problems occurring at birth. Both genetics and environment likely play a role in ASD (December 2015). Then we have multiple disabilities. People with multiple disabilities require ongoing...
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...Learning Disabilities A learning disability is a neurological disorder. A learning disability results from a difference in the way a person's brain is "wired." Children with learning disabilities are as smart or smarter than their peers, but they may have difficulty reading, writing, spelling, reasoning, recalling and/or organising information if left to figure things out by themselves or if taught in conventional ways. Two important facets of learning disabilities are: There is a discrepancy between achievement and intelligence of a learning disabled person. Learning disabilities do not include learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, of mental retardation, of emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage. A learning disability can't be cured or fixed; it is a lifelong issue. With the right support and intervention, however, children with learning disabilities can succeed in school and go on to successful, often distinguished careers later in life. Characteristics for identification of a child with LD: At the PreSchool Stage: Speaks later than most children Trouble learning numbers, alphabet, days of the week, colors, shapes Extremely restless and easily distracted Trouble interacting with peers Difficulty following directions or routines Fine motor skills slow to develop At the Primary and Middle School Stage: Slow to learn the connection...
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...This paper explains how and why dyslexia affects our children; it will also explain how it affects students and how we can help them. Those who are unfamiliar with the disability will receive an introduction to dyslexia’s characteristics as well as a description of proven methods which have been most effective in helping dyslexic students achieve success. The goal of this analysis is to provide an overview of why a percentage of our children is having difficulties and determine what is interfering with their ability to learn to read and write. During my observance of these students, I noted that these children have dyslexia. I can now understand why so many frustrated parents of children with learning disabilities (LD) with dyslexia lobbied for the establishment of special classes in schools for children with dyslexia. [P]arents pushed for LD programs in schools for two main reasons: many did not see their failing children as mentally retarded and therefore refused to accept placement for them in classes for the mentally retarded, and schools did not provide services for children with severe reading or language difficulties unless they qualified for an existing special education category. …by the late 1950s, medical and psychological research, combined with parental pressure, led to the development of special school programs to meet the needs of a population of children that always had existed but only recently had been recognized. The ideological message in this interpretation...
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...“People with Learning Difficulties are unique individuals with their own likes and dislikes, history and opinions. They have the same rights as everybody else” To begin my assignment I will be discussing the history of social exclusion in relation to people with l’earning difficulties/disabilities . I will then outline process of Social work and in particular I will be focusing on intervention and how intervention has been used in relation to my chosen case study. In addition to this I will pay attention to a number of key issues in relation to society’s views on people with Learning Difficulties. I will also be discussing what Laws, Policies and Practices have been implemented to protect people with learning difficulties from oppression and discrimination and how effective these Laws have actually been in assisting people with Learning Difficulties to live the life they choose to live. During the late 19th century in particular, socially excluding people with learning disabilities was particularly inherent. At the time, those with ‘mental deficiencies’ were regarded as degenerates, and would often be blamed for social problems such as crime and poverty. This in turn led to the removal and institutionalisation of people thought to be ‘feeble minded’ and those referred to as ‘idiots’. Wolf Wolfensberger first published his thoughts about normalisation in 1972, through his works ‘The principle of Normalization in human service’. Wolfensberger argued that many of the problems...
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...Introduction Explain the issue you are examining and why it is significance The issue we chose to examine is the possible connection between children with learning disabilities and juvenile crime. We feel researching the possible correlation between these two serious issues may help lead to more research of the topic and possibly prevention of juvenile crimes. Learning disabilities come in many forms the following are a few we have found through researching each of these disabilities has its own symptoms. * Dyslexia, * Dysgraphia * Dyscalculia * Dyspraxia (Sensory Integration Disorder) * Nonverbal Learning Disability * CAPD (Central Auditory Processing Disorder) * Visual Processing Disorder * ADD or ADHD (Attention Deficit Disorder) * Autism (http://drlindasblog.com/list-of-learning-disabilities/) Add to the symptoms of these disabilities, the circumstances of life that some children face such as poverty, single parent homes, some are in foster care or group homes because their families can’t care for them, all of these things can contribute to the stress of the lives of children with learning disabilities which can in turn lead them to commit crimes very early in life. According to research done by the “National Center for State Courts” * Between 30 and 50 percent of all "officially adjudicated juvenile delinquents" nationally are learning disabled (LD). * Young learning-disabled males appear before a judge more than twice as...
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...226Learning Disability Report |DEFINITION |CAUSES |EXAMPLES |TEACHING |CHARACTERISTICS |PLACEMENT | | | | |STRATEGIES | |OPTIONS | |Intellectual |Down Syndrome, |Math activity use real |Child pronounce syllables|Characterized by impaired cognitive |IEP team determines | |Disability |Velocario facial |money and give the |until words are |functioning and deficits in two or |student’s placement in | | |Syndrome, Fetal |children opportunity to |completed/pictures and |more adaptive behavior. |specialized program. | |Limits to a person |Alcohol |purchase items in the |visual aids | | | |ability to learn daily t|Syndrome, Genetic |classroom. | | | | |an expected level and |Problems | | | | | |function in life. Lack | | | | | | |of social skills...
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...Special Education For Children With Disabilities Millions of children in our nation are identified as being "children with disabilities". Prior to the 1960s, millions of children with disabilities received inadequate or inappropriate special education services from the public schools and another 1 million children were excluded from school altogether. Disabilities such as autism, poverty, and racism are just a few of the “disabilities” that have blocked the pathways of over a million people thought out the US. My goal for this paper is to thoroughly examine the three main factors that I personally believe have the most traumatic and continuous effect on society that will ultimately repeat itself and create a pattern of issues that society will be forced to resolve in the future. It is my desire and personal goal to acknowledge each issue that many children face, label and prove it to be a awful disability, an find a realistic resolution to each issue addressed as a disability. According to the National Center for Children in Poverty, in the United States, 21 percent of children live in families with incomes below the federal poverty line. Although many of these families have working parents, low wages and unstable employment make it difficult to provide the necessary resources for proper childhood development. Not only does research indicate that poverty is a threat to a child's well-being, but it also affects his ability to learn. Regular attendance at school is important...
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...Learning Disability 1 Running head: LEARNING DISABILITY Learning Disability 2 Abstract Learning disability is a term used to describe specific kinds of learning problems. A person can have problems with skills like reading, listening, speaking, math, writing, and reasoning. Learning disabilities constitutes over half of the special education services. The cause of learning disabilities deals with the dysfunction of the brain and how it processes information it may be related to medical or genetic. Having problems receiving and sending messages deals with communication disorder. Students with high achievement, intellectually has the capacity to retain, learn, and use an extreme amount of information is called gifted .In this paper I will discuss the characteristics, causes and definition of learning disabilities, communication disorders, and giftedness. Learning Disability 3 Learning Disability Learning disabilities or learning disorder affect how a person receives information, how they process it, and how they communicate. People with learning disabilities have problems processing sensory information. The art of learning is affected because a student cannot learn as quickly as his/her counterparts...
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...instruction promote reading success in all children. Learning disabilities: Research and Practice, l6(4), 203–212. Fuchs, D., Mock, D., Morgan, P., & Young, C. (2003). Responsiveness-to-intervention: Definitions, evidence, and implications for the learning disabilities construct. Learning Disabilities: Research and Practice, 18(3), 157–171. Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., & Speece, D. L. (2002). Treatment validity as a unifying construct for identifying learning disabilities. Learning Disability Quarterly, 25, 33–45. Gresham, F. M. (2002). Responsiveness to intervention: An alternative approach to the identification of learning disabilities. In R. Bradley, L. Danielson, & D. P. Hallahan (Eds.), Identification of learning disabilities: Research to practice (pp. 467–519). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Ikeda, M. J., & Gustafson, J. K. (2002). Heartland AEA 11’s problem solving process: Impact on issues related to special education (Research Rep. No. 2002-01). Johnston, IA: Heartland Area Education Agency. Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) of 2004, PL 108-446, 20 U.S.C. §§ 1400 et seq. Learning Disabilities Roundtable. (2002, July). Specific learning disabilities: Finding common ground. Washington, DC: American Institutes for Research. Retrieved from http://www.ncld.org/advocacy/Common Ground.doc Learning Disabilities Roundtable. (2005, February). Comments and recommendations on regulatory issues under the...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Key Issues Paper Key Issues Paper SPE 537 Professor Sharon Hill-Wooten Key Issues Paper There are many issues that focus around the term learning disability, which has led to many discussions amongst researchers, legislation, doctors and educators. There has been much legislation to be passed regarding the term learning disability and the entire field of special education. Based on the text reading one issue that is discussed and debated often is defining learning disability. In 1969 the category of learning disability was first included in federal education legislation. That year, the General Subcommittee on Education (of the House Committee on Education and Labor) presented to the House of Representatives a bill entitled "Special Programs for Children with Specific Learning Disabilities," (). Throughout the years this issue has been a continuous debate the definition of learning disability has changed many times. Until IDEA provides more specific guidelines it is said there will be variability in how children are evaluated. Another issue that was prevalent early was the differences in the type of learning disabilities children were faced with. In the early 20’s kids were diagnosed as been mentally retarded, it was later found in the 1940’s that there was a difference in how the kids were learning. Upon realizing this research and evaluations were geared toward finding the different disabilities and how kids were learning. Many theories...
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...Language Disorder Dyslexia Facts Dyslexia is difficulty in learning to read. Dyslexia can be related to brain injury, heredity, or hormonal influences. Letter and number reversals are a common warning sign of dyslexia. Diagnosis of dyslexia involves reviewing the child's processing of information from seeing, hearing, and participating in activities. Treatment of dyslexia ideally involves planning between the parent(s) and the teachers. What is dyslexia? Dyslexia is the most common learning disability in children and persists throughout life. The severity of dyslexia can vary from mild to severe. The sooner dyslexia is treated, the more favorable the outcome. However, it is never too late for people with dyslexia to learn to improve their language skills. Explanation of what children go through Children with dyslexia have difficulty in learning to read despite traditional instruction, at least average intelligence, and an adequate opportunity to learn. It is caused by an impairment in the brain's ability to translate images received from the eyes or ears into understandable language. It does not result from vision or hearing problems. It is not due to mental retardation, brain damage, or a lack of intelligence. Dyslexia can go undetected in the early grades of schooling. Children can become frustrated by the difficulty in learning to read, and other problems can arise that disguise dyslexia. They may show signs of depression and low self-esteem. Behavior problems...
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...Introduction How do you help a student who is struggling in school but isn’t diagnosed with a learning disability or an intellectual disability? How do you respond to an administrator that says that your student isn’t far enough behind to receive services? The answer to this often lies in identifying a student as being Other Health Impaired. Other Health Impaired According to the Special Education Guide “other health impairment” (OHI) is considered an umbrella term it encompasses a range of conditions. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) names several such disorders in OHI’s official definition: “having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in...
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...Due Process and Parental Rights: Kroot v. District of Columbia (1992) When dealing with children whether they have a disability or not parents have rights that are explained in IDEA. When dealing with children who have disabilities due process and parental rights need to be assured so that the child is receiving the proper services and help. When these rights are not adhered to parents have the right to take action as we will see through the case Kroot v. District of Columbia. In Kroot v. District of Columbia Joseph Kroot’s parents sought reimbursement from the District of Columbia school district for the cost of a private school which they sent their son to after he was not progressing in the public school system because he was not receiving the services he needed (KROOT v. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, 1992). Joseph’s parents had him evaluated after receiving reports f4rom his pre-kindergarten teachers and evaluators that he was not paying attention in class, had a short attention span, he had weak fine motor skill and a delay in his language development (KROOT v. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, 1992). The psychologist determined that Joseph not only had a delay in motor skill development but also a sensory processing shortcoming that would impede the learning process. Joseph’s parents filed a Confidential Student Services Form with DCPS (District of Columbia Public Schools) for special education services and provided DCPD with reports from educators at his previous school as well as other...
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