...outcome will always be the same because the Democratic and GOP parties are run by corporations. Some think that in order to break away from the special interests and influences, there should be a strong third party and that party with a different platform is the Libertarian Party. Historically the main two parties were not much different. In the beginning both parties believed that “men (not big government) was to rule them” (The Fundamental Differences Between Republican and Democrats). There was a mutual desire for individual freedom. Currently it seems that their fundamental beliefs have changed. The Democratic Party wants to increase government involvement in the lives of the American public, whereas the Republicans would like to see decreased national government and have each state govern themselves (The Fundamental Differences Between Republican and Democrats). The Libertarians seem to want to get back to what the founding fathers envisioned. Each party has very strong convictions on the topics that confront America today. The hottest topic facing the nation is Same Sex Marriage. Since the beginning the Democrats have defended Civil Rights and supported the expansion of opportunities for all. They fight to end all forms of discrimination, but this is an uphill battle. “We support marriage equality and support the movement to secure equal treatment under the law for same-sex couples” (Democratic Party on Civil Rights). On the other hand the Republicans strive...
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...any menus, they would run some experiments in her schools to determine whether the way the food is displayed and arranged might influence the choices kids make. Carolyn gave the directors of dozens of school cafeterias specific in- structions on how to display the food choices. In some schools the desserts were placed first, in others last, in still others in a separate line. The location of various food items was varied from one school to another. In some schools the French fries, but in others the carrot sticks, were at eye level. From his experience in designing supermarket floor plans, Adam sus- pected that the results would be dramatic. He was right. Simply by re- arranging the cafeteria, Carolyn was able to increase or decrease the con- sumption of many food items by as much as 25 percent. Carolyn learned a big lesson: school children, like adults, can be greatly influenced by small 1 2 INTRODUCTION changes in the context. The influence can be exercised for better or for worse. For example, Carolyn knows that she can increase consumption of healthy foods and decrease consumption of unhealthy ones. With hundreds of schools to work with, and a team of graduate student volunteers recruited to collect and analyze the data, Carolyn believes that she now has considerable power...
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...Pros and Cons of Globalization Dianna L. James MBA607 November 22, 2014 Jeff Knott, Instructor Abstract Within this writing, we had to research the pros and cons of globalization. However, one needs to know the definition of globalization. Globalization is a process in which we trade with other countries in the stock market or imports/exports of goods and services. However, globalization is not as easy as saying the word, there are many issues that are important to know, one is the laws of any given country. Korea is a good example where they have non-flexible laws that a business that wish to produce their good though their country they need to be abided by in all sense of the word. When visiting the country you need to be well aware of the culture differences and conform to the culture of the country you are visiting. There is one basic question associated with the pros and cons that needs to be answered. “How can firms and governments help to reduce the amount of resistance that might result from its implementation” (From instructions for week one assignment)? Key Words: Trading, Country, Laws, Pros, and Cons, Globalization Pros and Cons of Globalization Within this writing, we had to research the pros and cons of globalization. However, one needs to know the definition of globalization. Globalization is a process in which we trade with other countries in the stock market or imports/exports of goods and services. However, globalization is not as easy...
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...Globalization is an ever evolving entity that has and will continue to change the way we, as individuals, will interact with one another. “Globalization, as a concept, refers both to the "shrinking" of the world and the increased consciousness of the world as a whole. It is a term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that are the result of dramatically increased cross-border trade, investment and cultural exchange.” (NEW, 2010) Globalization integrates the world through economical, societal and cultural ideas. It displays the allocation of a country’s ideas, languages and popular culture to the rest of the world. Globalization is not a new idea. For thousands of years, people, and later corporations, have been buying and selling to each other from afar, such as through the famous Silk Road across Central Asia that appended China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Multiple features of the current craze of Globalization are similar to those prevailing before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. Driven by intercontinental policies, Globalization has opened economies domestically and internationally. Ever since the Second World War, and more importantly in the past two decades, many governments have adopted free market economic systems, increasing their productive potential and creating new opportunities for intercontinental trade and investment. Free market economic systems not only allow for economic growth, but the growth of political...
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...“What is "business ethics"?” Peter F. Drucker Drucker’s work takes a look at what is business ethics and what is not business ethics as it pertains to some of the major approaches taken by philosophers throughout time. No matter what the place in time the code of ethics as it pertains to Western tradition is based solely on one principle. That principle is “There is only one code of ethics, that of individual behavior, for prince and pauper, for rich and poor, for the mighty and the meek alike.” Drucker P. F. (1981). Given this principle what is business ethics or even ethics at all with given the implications that behavior which is neither immoral nor illegal for an individual would be immoral or illegal if committed by business? There seems to be a lack of compatibility with what ethics is supposed to be and business ethics. For example a person handing his money over to a mugger threatening physical harm isn’t considered unethical although the mugger is a criminal but in the business world paying off union racketeers to prevent disruption is considered to be unethical practice. The confusion around ethics in general and business ethics continues when we start looking at other business systems outside of the United States. Take for example the Japanese and German who consider the appointing of a counselor who was previously a distinguished civil servant based on the recommendation of his colleagues is essential to the public interest. However, if this practice were to...
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...ECONOMICS _____________________________________________________________________________________ WEEK 1: HOW ECONOMISTS THINK * What are preferences? Preferences refer to all of the objectives an individual wants to achieve that might motivate a choice among a set of alternatives. * What does it mean for an individual’s preferences to be rational? Please explain the concepts of costs and benefits and the reasoning process used by a rational individual. A rational individual will try to make the best possible use of his/her scarce resources, usually choosing an activity that has the highest utility. Rational preferences possess 2 properties, which are completeness and transitivity. Completeness means that choices can be ranked in an order of preference. For instance, an individual will have a preference when faced with two choices. Transitivity means actions can be compared with other actions. As an example, if action a is preferred to b, and action b is preferred to c, then a is preferred to c. A benefit is the maximum unit of currency amount you would be willing to pay to do x, while the cost is the value of all the resources you must give up in order to do x. The cost-benefit approach to decisions states that an individual should do an activity x if the benefit exceeds the cost. Relating to cost, in the process of coming up with a decision, a rational individual will take into account opportunity costs and ignore sunk costs. * New theories argue that...
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...Managing: the art of determining the right balance Maastricht University School of Business and Economics Maastricht, 6 June 2014 Ignacio, I.K.A ID number: i6016200 Study: MSc Accountancy Course code: EBC4045 Group number: 2 Tutor name: W. Foppen Writing Assignment: Individual paper Table of Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2 2. Managing ........................................................................................................................... 3 3. The organization and its people ....................................................................................... 4 3.1 3.2 Company ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Teams ............................................................................................................................................. 6 3.2.1 Familiarity ................................................................................................................................. 7 3.2.2 Open communication ................................................................................................................. 8 3.3 Individuals ..................................................................................................................................... 8 4. A move to the external environment...
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...Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual property rights have come to play an important role in developed economies, with arguments for and against these rights. While the focus of this paper will concern itself with the music industry as an example, it is important to first state the economic benefits and costs of intellectual property rights as a whole, as this will be the basis in which one will examine intellectual property rights in the music industry. The main arguments for intellectual property rights include: improved innovation, enhanced wealth and limited dispute over resources, and the promotion of competition and ideas. (Mackaay) The main arguments against Intellectual property rights include: net utility is not achieved, moral and ethical problems of intellectual property rights, higher costs and no evidence of wealth maximization. (Kinsella 1-53), (Perelman) In general, it was found that intellectual property rights can have a positive or negative effect on economic growth, depending on the environment and situation. (Maskus) Thus, it is important to realize that any discussion and evaluations related to the music industry are not relevant to intellectual property rights as a whole and should not be used as a comparative measure for other industries in general. Also, it is vital to analyze the political aspects of the music industry and its influence on intellectual property rights as it is a contributing factor in the forming the environment...
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...T HIS HOW NRA E A BIGGER, RICHER, MEANER GUN-CONTROL S IS T HE ENDS MOVEMENT HAS ARRIVED. BY ALEC MACGILLIS 18 JUNE 10, 2013 THE NEW REPUBLIC buyers failed in the Senate, and the fatalistic shrugs in Washington were so numerous they were nearly audible. The legislation had been a modest bipartisan compromise, supported by 90 percent of the public and lobbied for hard by the president. A group backed by Michael Bloomberg had spent $12 million on ads pressuring senators to vote “yes.” When the bill fell short—by just ve votes—it seemed to con rm a Beltway article of faith: There’s no point messing with the National Ri e Association (NRA). And that, many assumed, was the last we’d be hearing about gun reform. But then something unexpected happened. Some of the senators who’d voted “no” faced furious voters back home. Even before Erica La erty, the daughter of murdered Sandy Hook Elementary principal Dawn Hochsprung, confronted New Hampshire Republican Kelly Ayotte at a particularly tense town hall, Ayotte’s disapproval rating in the state had jumped from 35 to 46 percent—half the respondents said her “no” vote made them less likely to support her. In Pennsylvania, which has the second-highest concentration of NRA members in the country, the bill’s Republican co-sponsor, Pat Toomey, saw his approval reach a record high. One of the country’s best-known gun-rights advocates, Robert Levy, said the NRA’s “stonewalling of the background-check proposal was a mistake, both...
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...NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION: USE ONLY IN COMPLIANCE WITH COPYRIGHT: DAVID RISSTROM AN INTERPRETATION OF LAW IN CONTEXT Bottomley, S., Gunningham, N. and Parker, S., 1991, Law in Context, The Federation Press, Leichhardt. { } = additional material from lectures. ( ) = my comments. (See ‘x’) refers to book page number. A short (somewhat boring) message from the summary executioner before you dive in; These notes are an interpretation of the book Law in Context and the lectures given as part of the 1991 Course. They are not a satisfactory substitution for reading the text. You are only likely to get the maximum value out of this summary by reading it in conjunction with the text. The question of ‘the law in whose context’ may be worth keeping in mind as you read. This is an interpretation seen through my eyes, not yours. My comments are not unbiased, as it is as equally unlikely that yours may be. So my ‘advice’ is consider what is said here and in the book considering the need to understand the ‘mechanics’ that help make sense of the more involved themes that develop in the book as you progress through Law in Context. The observations, important in their own right, may be particularly useful for seeing how their often ubiquitous expression is taken as ‘normal’ in the areas of wider society, such as in discussions of economics and power. It is unlikely that you will find any ‘right answers’ from this summary, but I do hope it helps you in synthesising...
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...BUSINESS ETHICS BY SHAW TEST BANK A+ Graded Tutorial Available At: http://hwsoloutions.com/?product=business-ethics-by-shaw-test-bank Visit Our website: http://hwsoloutions.com/ Product Description PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Business Ethics by Shaw Test Bank, Business Ethics by Shaw – Test Bank A+ Graded Chapter 1—The Nature of Morality MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following characteristics distinguishes moral standards from other sorts of standards? a. moral standards are purely optional b. moral standards take priority over other standards, including self-interest c. moral standards cannot be justified by reasons d. moral standards must be set or validated by some authoritative body 2. Choose the statement that gives the most accurate description of etiquette: a. the rules of etiquette are a fundamental branch of morality b. conformity with the rules of etiquette is sufficient for moral conduct c. etiquette refers to a special code of social behavior or courtesy d. the rules of etiquette are backed by statutory law 3. Our relationship with the law is best described by which of the following? a. To a significant extent, law codifies a society’s customs, norms, and moral values. b. The law is a completely adequate guide to the moral standards that we should follow. c. The law makes all immoral conduct illegal. d. Violating the law is always immoral. 4. Which of the following is not one of the four basic kinds of law? a. statutes b. constitutional...
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...Constitution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Constitution (disambiguation). A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.[1] These rules together make up, i.e.constitute, what the entity is. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents, those documents may be said to embody a writtenconstitution; if they are written down in a single comprehensive document, it is said to embody a codified constitution. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations, from sovereign states to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution, in that it would define how that organization is constituted. Within states, a constitution defines the principles upon which the state is based, the procedure in which laws are made and by whom. Some constitutions, especially codified constitutions, also act as limiters of state power, by establishing lines which a state's rulers cannot cross, such as fundamental rights. An example is the constitution of the United States of America. George Washington at Constitutional Conventionof 1787 signing of the U.S. Constitution. The Constitution of India is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world,[2] containing 444 articles in 22 parts,[3][4] 12 schedules and 118 amendments, with 117...
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...California University of Business and Technology School of Management Studies BA 360 Principles of Microeconomics Table of Contents Chapter 1 Ten Principles of Economics 3 Chapter 2 Thinking Like an Economist 7 Chapter 3 Interdependence and the Gains from Trade 10 Chapter 4 The Market Forces of Supply and Demand 13 Chapter 5 Elasticity and Its Application 20 Chapter 6 Supply, Demand, and Government Policies 26 Chapter 7 Consumers, Producers, and Efficiency of Market 31 Chapter 8 Application: The Costs of Taxation 35 Chapter 9 Application: International Trade 39 Chapter 10 Externalities 42 Chapter 11 Public Goods and Common Resources 45 Chapter 12 The Design of the Tax System 47 Chapter 13 The Costs of Production 49 Chapter 14 Firms in Competitive Markets 53 Chapter 15 Monopoly 57 Chapter 16 Monopolistic Competition 61 Chapter 17 Oligopoly 64 Chapter 18 The Markets for the Factors of Production 68 Chapter 19 Earnings and Discrimination 73 Chapter 20 Income Inequality and Poverty 76 Chapter 21 The Theory of Consumer Choice 79 Chapter 22 Frontiers of Microeconomics 82 Chapter 1 Ten Principles of Economics I. Significance * How people make decisions * How people interact * How the economy as a whole works II. Highlights The word economy comes from the Greek word oikonomos, which means "one who manages a household." A household faces many decisions, which...
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...* * Child Molestation and Homosexuality Ann Landers used to proclaim that the statement “Homosexuals are more inclined to molest children sexually than heterosexuals” is false.1 The American Psychological Association sponsored a work asserting: “Recognized researchers in the field on child abuse,… almost unanimously concur that homosexual people are actually less likely to approach children sexually.”2 Why is it, then, that we read about sex between boys and men in every newspaper? Does it merely reflect sensationalist journalism? We know that heterosexual molestation also occurs. But since there are so many more heterosexuals than homosexuals, which kind of child molestation — homosexual or heterosexual — is proportionately more common? The Scientific Evidence Three kinds of scientific evidence point to the proportion of homosexual molestation: 1) survey reports of molestation in the general population, 2) surveys of those caught and convicted of molestation, and 3) what homosexuals themselves have reported. These three lines of evidence suggest that the 1%-to-3% of adults who practice homosexuality3account for between a fifth and a third of all child molestation. Reports of Molestation by the General Population In 1983, a probability survey of the sexual experiences of 4,340 adults in five U.S. cities found that about 3% of men and 7% of women reported sexual involvement with a man before the age of 13 (i.e., 30% was homosexual).4 In 1983-84, a random survey...
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...TRABAJAR JUNTOS Acción colectiva, bienes comunes y múltiples métodos en la práctica Traducción, Lili Buj con la colaboración de Leticia Merino. Revisión técnica, Sofya Dolutskaya, Leticia Merino y Arturo Lara. Amy R. Poteete, Marco A. Janssen, Elinor Ostrom Trabajar Juntos Acción colectiva, bienes comunes y múltiples métodos en la práctica Primera edicion en inglés, 2010 Working Together: Collective Action, the Commons, and Multiple Methods in Practice de Amy R. Poteete, Marco A. Janssen, Elinor Ostrom Princeton University Press HD1289 .P75 2012 Poteete, Amy R. Trabajar juntos: acción colectiva, bienes comunes y múltiples métodos en la práctica / Amy R. Poteete, Marco A. Janssen, Elinor Ostrom; traducción Lili Buj Niles con la colaboración de Leticia Merino. --México: UNAM, CEIICH, CRIM, FCPS, FE, IIEc, IIS, PUMA; IASC, CIDE, Colsan, CONABIO, CCMSS, FCE, UAM, 2012. Incluye referencias bibliográficas 572 p.; Ilustraciones, graficas y cuadros Traducción de: Working Together: Collective Action, the Commons, and Multiple Methods in Practice. ISBN 978-607-02-3577-1 1. Recursos naturales comunes – Administración – Metodología. 2. Organización y métodos. I. Janssen, Marco A. II. Ostrom, Elinor. III. Buj Niles, Lili. IV. Merino, Leticia. V. Titulo. Este libro fue sometido a un proceso de dictaminación por académicos externos al Instituto, de acuerdo con las normas establecidas por el Consejo Editorial de las Colecciones de Libros del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales...
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