...have had children young. In the future they will not be able to get any jobs that require higher education, most likely then getting stuck in poverty. Leading to difficulty in providing for her child. As a young girl, I watched a lot of MTV and the show ‘Teen Mom’ was often on. I was interested in these girls and how their lives were changed by their pregnancy. But, as my life in Sweden progressed I realized I had not heard of a single teenage girl who had gotten pregnant and kept the child. But just a year ago I heard of one and it got me interested in the topic again, and I decided to investigate it, with the added depth of HDI. The Human Development Index (HDI) is composed statistics of a country’s life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators. It is measured from 0-1 where 1 is the highest HDI and 0 the lowest. The HDI sets ups boundaries for each of the three dimensions and then finds where the countries stand in relation to these boundaries. For example if we have 100 countries the one with the lowest life expectancy will be the lower border and the country with the highest life expectancy will be the upper border. The HDI will then find where between the boundaries the remaining 98 countries are. I want to know whether if it is certain parts of the world or a certain ‘type’ of country that has an increased rate of teenage pregnancies. In particular, if the well-being of the country has any direct consequence on the number of teenage pregnancies. The aim of...
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...Human Development Index 1 Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. It was created by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and the Indian economist Amartya Sen in 1990[1] and was published by the United Nations Development Programme.[2] World map by quartiles of Human Development Index in 2013. Origins The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Development Reports of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990 and had the explicit purpose "to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people-centered policies". To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq brought together a group of well-known development economists including: Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Sudhir Anand and Meghnad Desai. Working along with Nobel laureate Amartya Sen, they worked on capabilities and functionings that provided the underlying conceptual framework. Haq was sure that a simple composite measure of human development was needed in order to convince the public, academics, and policy-makers that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well-being. Sen initially opposed this idea, but he went on to help Haq develop the Index...
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...Eur J Population (2007) 23:1–31 DOI 10.1007/s10680-006-9110-6 Population and labour force projections for 27 European countries, 2002–2052: impact of international migration on population ageing Projections de population et de population active pour 27 pays europeens ´ 2002–2052: impact de la migration internationale sur le vieillissement de la population Jakub Bijak Æ Dorota Kupiszewska Æ Marek Kupiszewski Æ Katarzyna Saczuk Æ Anna Kicinger Received: 8 August 2005 / Accepted: 31 March 2006 / Published online: 2 March 2007 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract Population and labour force projections are made for 27 selected European countries for 2002–2052, focussing on the impact of international migration on population and labour force dynamics. Starting from single scenarios for fertility, mortality and economic activity, three sets of assumptions are explored regarding migration flows, taking into account probable policy developments in Europe following the enlargement of the EU. In addition to age structures, various support ratio indicators are analysed. The results indicate that plausible immigration cannot offset the negative effects of population and labour force ageing. Keywords Population projections Æ Labour force projections Æ International migration Æ Population ageing Æ Europe ´ ´ Resume Des projections de population et de population active sont presentees ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ ˆ pour 27 pays Europeens pour la periode 2002–2052, avec un interet particulier...
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...terminating one’s life with the "humane" motive of ending his suffering. Euthanasia came into public eye recently during the Terri Schiavo controversy where her husband appealed for euthanasia while Terri's family claimed differently. This is a classical case shedding light on the pros and cons of mercy killing. Albania, Belgium, Netherlands, Oregon, Switzerland and Luxembourg are some places where euthanasia or assisted suicide has been legalized. Let's have a look at the arguments that will help us understand the reasoning for / against mercy killing. Pro Euthanasia Arguments: Legalizing euthanasia would help alleviate suffering of terminally ill patients. It would be inhuman and unfair to make them endure the unbearable pain. In case of individuals suffering from incurable diseases or in conditions where effective treatment wouldn’t affect their quality of life; they should be given the liberty to choose induced death. Also, the motive of euthanasia is to "aid-in-dying" painlessly and thus should be considered and accepted by law. Although killing in an attempt to defend oneself is far different from mercy killing, law does find it worth approving. In an attempt to provide medical and emotional care to the patient, a doctor does and should prescribe medicines that will relieve his suffering even if the medications cause gross side effects. This means that dealing with agony and distress should be the priority even if it affects the life expectancy. Euthanasia...
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...Global Economics January 2012 The World in 2050 From the Top 30 to the Top 100 A new economic world order is emerging at extraordinary speed. This publication broadens our list of the world’s top 30 economies to the top 100. The underlying theme is that the economies we currently call “emerging” are going to power global growth over the next four decades. Our update tells the story of the emergence of parts of Africa, the rise of some of the central Asian republics, as well as some startling advances for countries such as the Philippines and Peru. By Karen Ward Disclosures and Disclaimer This report must be read with the disclosures and analyst certifications in the Disclosure appendix, and with the Disclaimer, which forms part of it Economics Global 11 January 2012 abc From the Top 30 to the Top 100 Attention will increasingly turn to the ‘new emergers’ as the world economy undergoes a seismic shift Demographics to play a crucial role, helping parts of Africa finally emerge from economic obscurity When we published ‘The World in 2050’ a year ago (4 January 2011), we gave a projection for the Top 30 economies by size in 2050 from a pool of the largest 40 economies today. This update casts a wider net and seeks to identify the Top 100 economies by size. A larger universe increases competition for the Top 30 and allows us to consider the ‘new emergers’ in the coming decades. Our ranking is based on an economy’s current level of development and...
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...most populous country in Africa after Nigeria. Over the last decade the country’s economy has registered rapid growth with a GDP of 10.9% annual average growth rate (World Bank, 2015). About 80% of diseases in the country are attributable to preventable conditions related to infectious diseases, malnutrition, and hygiene. The infectious diseases most commonly encountered are: malaria, diarrhea, acute respiratory infections and tuberculosis. Close to 70% of premature deaths are caused by infectious diseases while non-communicable chronic diseases account for 30% of deaths (Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH), 2015). The World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) reports that the life expectancy at birth for Ethiopia is currently 65 (from 45 in 1990), ranking the country amongst the top six countries where life expectancy increased the most. Financing Public Health Care The Ethiopian health care system is structured into a three-tier system: primary, secondary and tertiary level of care. The primary level of care includes primary hospital, health center and health post. The Primary Health Care Unit (a health center and five satellite health posts) provides services to 25,000 people. A primary hospital provides services to an average population of 100,000 while a general hospital serves one million people (FMoH, 2015). The past twenty-year Health Sector Development Program was organized using the concept of decentralization and community ownership. The country’s leading program, called...
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...Background Norway is a Nordic country in northern Europe with a population of 4.6 million (similar to South Carolina, Alabama, or the city of Philadelphia), a landmass of 324,220 km2 (about the size of New Mexico), and a population density of 13 people/km2 (ranks 213 out of 244 countries). Norway’s Gross National Product (GNP) per capita is $51,810 (rank #2, US with $41,440 ranks #4) and a GNP per capita based on global purchasing power parity (PPP) is $38,680 which ranks it third behind Luxembourg and the US (at $61,610 and $39,820 respectively)1. Using any number of measures Norway ranks as one of the richest countries in the world. Another factor is the amount of income that the oil industry generates for the government, which is not directly reflected in the above numbers. Norway is the world’s third largest exporter of oil (behind Saudi Arabia and Russia), the bulk of which is funneled back into the government. Norway’s unemployment rate is 2.8% which ranks it 5th lowest in the world (behind Qatar, Thailand, Singapore, and Vietnam)2, while the US unemployment rate is 9.1% (near the top of the major economic countries of the world. In 2001, the proportion of the population with a university education, among 30 to 39-year-olds, was 29% for men and 36% for women. In all, 57% of the population over the age of 16 had completed secondary education. In total, therefore, the enrolment level in secondary and tertiary education amounts to more than two-thirds of Norwegians...
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...U52026 International Labour Markets ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- FIRST REPORT – 2013 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Submission 27/03/2013 Contents Page: Front Cover………………………………………………………….Page 1 Contents Page………………………………………………………Page 2 Questions...…………………………………………………………Page 3 Part One…………………………………………………………….Pages 4-9 Part Two…………………………………………………………….Pages 10-15 Bibliography……………………………………………………….Pages 16-21 Questions Country Case Study You are required to write a 2000 word report which provides a critical assessment of the labour market of a particular country. You will be allocated the country in the seminar in week 1. If you have not attended this seminar, then you need to consult the module leader to obtain the country you will cover. Part 1 of the report (worth 40% of the marks) requires you to provide a statistical profile of your allocated country’s labour market and present an overview of the most important trends and developments in this country’s labour market over the past decade. Part 2 of the report (worth 60% of the marks) requires you to provide a critical review of the particular situation in your country of NEETs – young people not in employment, education or training. Specifically, using appropriate...
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...Procedure (EDP) debt, 11.6. Debt according to the excessive deficit procedure (EDP) and financial assets held by general government; http://www.bde.es/webbde/es/estadis/infoest/a1106e.pdf ------------------------------------------------- 1. Pedro Schwartz (2013), The Welfare State as an Underlying Cause of Spain’s Debt Crisis, Cato Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2 Actually before financial crises, Spain had experienced a long period of high economics growth. At the end of 2007, the fiscal position of Spain performed excellent. According to Eurostat, it was better than in the other three largest euro area member states Spain had a consolidated total government budget surplus of 1.9 percent of GDP, the third highest after Finland (5.2 percent) and Luxembourg (3.7 percent). But in fact it produced internal and external imbalances, which is a bubble. First, real interest were close to zero or even negative and at the same time householders wage grows with inflation rate, which made them think it was a good time to buy the house, but it also made the banks think it was a good time to give the mortgages. As a result, according to Eurostat, nominal GDP was growing at 6.5 percent per...
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...International business thrives in the country of Germany. They have a variety of characteristics and features of tradition within the country. Taking an overview of areas such as culture, legal system, geography, political system, and history is just the beginning to this unique country. Through the research provided, it should be a useful indicator of whether or not Germany is a desirable place to pursue international business in. The national flag of Germany consists of three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red (middle), and gold (bottom). The colors of black, red, and gold have played an important role in German history and can be traced all the way back to medieval times where there was a banner of the Holy Roman Emperor. This original banner had a black eagle with red claws and beak on a gold field. The Holy Roman Empire was a German-majority, multi-ethnic empire in central Europe until 1806, when it was defeated at the Battle of Austerlitz. After this battle, German-states that were part of the Holy Roman Empire came under French rule and several German organizations began agitations to free Germany from foreign rule and create a unified country. Among these organizations were two prominent ones by the names of Lutzow Free Corps and Jena Student’s League. The members of these two organizations wore uniforms of black with gold and red accessories and used flags of those colors as well. When Germany was unified in 1871 under Otto Von Bismarck, it chose a national...
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...Organizational Behavior or Human Resources [pic] Vidyalankar School of Information Technology. Submitted by: Riddhimaan Nandgaonkar Pravin Nadar Akshay Jain Rishabh Dwivedi Chirag Mehta Brian Ridley Ravindra Thakur Submitted to: Mrs. Leena Nair Date of Submission: 25th August 2008 Acknowledgement This Project could not have been written without the help of Mrs. Leena Nair who not only served as our supervisor but also encouraged and challenged us throughout this project. My fellow friends and the other students of our class also guided us through this process, never accepting less than our best efforts. We thank them all. Declaration We the undersigned students of Vidyalankar School of Information Technology – Second Year B.M.S have done the project on Motivation in an organisation. The Project submitted is true to the best of our knowledge. Signatures Riddhimaan Nandgaonkar (07B431) Pravin Nadar (07B402) Akshay Jain (07B418) Rishabh Dwivedi (07B410) Chirag Mehta (07B464) Brian Ridley (07B440) Ravindra Thakur (07B452) Certificate I Hereby certify the project done...
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...Administration Research paper of the discipline “Cross Cultural Competence SS 2012” Made by: Brovchenko Ekaterina Dzyuba Stanislav Shushunina Tatiana 2012 Content Summary 1. Targets, tasks and problems of research During the last ten years aspects of cross-cultural competence provoke theoretical and practical interest due to international relations development. Cross-cultural competence is not restricted by discussion of different questions and problems on the international level; it becomes a part of everyday people life including education sphere. Our team has received results of survey that is carried out among students of Germany, Uzbekistan and Albania. This survey about how culture affects the requirements for teaching offers. Respondents were offered to answer 26 questions according to education aspects and personal questions. In addition we had list of statistical data that should be collected about every country. For us it was necessary to compare found date and obtained results of existing survey and then to find correlation between it. We have considered three given countries: Germany, Uzbekistan and Albania. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states...
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...YOUR ECONOMETRICS PAPER BASIC TIPS There are a couple of websites that you can browse to give you some ideas for topics and data. Think about what you want to do with this paper. Econometrics is a great tool to market when looking for jobs. A well-written econometrics paper and your presentation can be a nice addition to your resume. You are not expected to do original research here. REPLICATION of prior results is perfectly acceptable. Read Studenmund's Chapter 11. One of the most frustrating things in doing an econometrics paper is finding the data. Do not spend a lot of time on a topic before determining whether there is data available that will allow you to answer your question. It is a good idea to write down your ideal data set that would allow you to address your topic. If you find that the available data is not even close to what you had originally desired, you might want to change your topic. Also, remember that knowing the location of your data – website, reference book, etc – is not the same as having your data available to use. It may take a LONG time to get the data in a format that EVIEWS can read. Do not leave this till the last minute. For most data, I enter the data into Excel first. I save the Excel sheet in the oldest version, namely MS Excel Worksheet 2.1 . The reason is that format can be read by most programs whereas newer formats may or may not be read. Eviews easily reads an Excel sheet 2.1 version. You should use the...
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...e YOUR ECONOMETRICS PAPER BASIC TIPS There are a couple of websites that you can browse to give you some ideas for topics and data. Think about what you want to do with this paper. Econometrics is a great tool to market when looking for jobs. A well-written econometrics paper and your presentation can be a nice addition to your resume. You are not expected to do original research here. REPLICATION of prior results is perfectly acceptable. Read Studenmund's Chapter 11. One of the most frustrating things in doing an econometrics paper is finding the data. Do not spend a lot of time on a topic before determining whether there is data available that will allow you to answer your question. It is a good idea to write down your ideal data set that would allow you to address your topic. If you find that the available data is not even close to what you had originally desired, you might want to change your topic. Also, remember that knowing the location of your data – website, reference book, etc – is not the same as having your data available to use. It may take a LONG time to get the data in a format that EVIEWS can read. Do not leave this till the last minute. For most data, I enter the data into Excel first. I save the Excel sheet in the oldest version, namely MS Excel Worksheet 2.1 . The reason is that format can be read by most programs whereas newer formats may or may not be read. Eviews easily reads an Excel sheet 2.1 version. You should use...
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...1. BOP (Balance Of Payment) In economics, the balance of payments, (or BOP) measures the payments that flow between any individual country and all other countries. It is used to summarize all international economic transactions for that country during a specific time period, usually a year. The BOP is determined by the country's exports and imports of goods, services, and financial capital, as well as financial transfers. It reflects all payments and liabilities to foreigners (debits) and all payments and obligations received from foreigners (credits). Balance of payments is one of the major indicators of a country's status in international trade, with net capital outflow.[citation needed] The balance, like other accounting statements, is prepared in a single currency, usually the domestic. Foreign assets and flows are valued at the exchange rate of the time of transaction. IMF definition The IMF definition: "Balance of Payments is a statistical statement that summarizes transactions between residents and nonresidents during a period."[1] The balance of payments comprises the current account, the capital account, and the financial account. "Together, these accounts balance in the sense that the sum of the entries is conceptually zero."[1] * The current account consists of the goods and services account, the primary income account and the secondary income account. * The financial account records transactions that involve financial assets and liabilities and that...
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