...TARGETED SELECTION A MONOGRAPH BY WILLIAM C. BYHAM, PH.D. ® A BEHAVIORAL APPROACH TO IMPROVED HIRING DECISIONS (BASIC CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGY) © Development Dimensions International, Inc., MCMLXXIX. Revised MMIV. All rights reserved. TARGETED SELECTION FOREWARD Accurate employee selection decisions have never been more vital to organizational success. Advances in technology and changes in organizational structure and responsibilities have increased the demand for high-quality job applicants who, if hired, will grow into productive contributors to organizational success. This demand, when combined with a competitive job market and significant legal compliance requirements, means that hiring processes and decisions are increasingly complex and challenging. Development Dimensions International, Inc. (DDI), offers a proven selection system called Targeted Selection® that, when properly applied, can produce positive results in a wide range of areas of concern to organizations, from turnover to on-the-job success and return on investment. Targeted Selection® incorporates the following concepts with the training necessary to apply them: > > > > > ® A BEHAVIORAL APPROACH TO IMPROVED HIRING DECISIONS (BASIC CONCEPTS AND METHODOLOGY) Organize selection elements into a comprehensive system. Apply effective interviewing skills and techniques. Use data integration to make the best hiring decision. Make a positive impression on applicants; sell them on the job and...
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...|[pic] |Capstone Course in Psychology | | |College of Social Sciences | | |PSY/490 | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Professor Susan Ellis, Ph.D. susanelliss@email.phoenix.edu (University of Phoenix) susanellis@agreatday.net (Personal) Course Description This is the capstone course for undergraduate psychology students. The course provides students with the opportunity to integrate and apply learning from their psychology program of study in a comprehensive manner. Students will also assess the impact of their educational experiences on their ethical perspectives and critical thinking skills. Students will reflect on and evaluate their personal and professional growth, the benefits of lifelong learning, and the impact of these elements on their future. Policies Students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials...
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...Social Psychology is a method used to explain the thoughts, feelings and behavior are influenced by human social interactions. In this paper I will detail how social factors influence the attitude and behaviors of humans in select areas related to self-perception, cultural traditions and beliefs, and the effects of group behavior as a whole. Human interaction is reciprocal action that individuals have on one another. However, individuals are more often than not unaware of the affect they leave on each other. Most people adapt to their surroundings meaning they adjust to the settings before them, and they do this mainly to fit in and keep peace among everyone. Social psychology theorizes that understanding and explaining how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are the basis of interaction and cohesiveness with one another. Individuals are influenced by actual, imagined or implied companionship of others. Group behavior may be one of the largest research areas in social psychology. Group behavior is significantly different from individual behavior. Group behavior can be both positive and negative depending upon the circumstance or situation. When dealing with group behavior social psychology address group dynamics, leadership, decision making, cooperation, conflicts and group influence. Social association plays a major role in forming behavior, attitudes, feelings and thoughts. Psychologists examine how interpersonal kinships affect people by studying the attachment...
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...positive or disastrous effects on careers and personal lives. In this paper the importance of understanding personal ethical perspective and the relationship between personal and professional ethics in psychology will be discussed. According to Mulcahy (2011), the Ethics Awareness Inventory Core is a philosophical study of moral values based on assumptions of what is determined to be right and wrong. The acronym for Core means Character, Obligation, Results, and Equity. These words define the meaning as a set of principles of beliefs for the background of the concept that includes morals, values principals, and rules that include standards of conduct and obligations for individuals and organizations. The ethical awareness inventory helps in evaluate the ethical style of an individual. This program asks a series of questions and evaluates the answers. Based on the answers an individual learns what his or her ethical perspective is. Many people view ethics from different perspectives and because of these differences is natural for people to have ethical conflicts with others. For example, an individual who has a different view about religion and politics may see ethical issues differently from another person who has a different perspective of religion and politics. In essence, ethics, like values, refer to principles and standards that an individual knows are morally correct. The ethical nature of an individual is what will cause him or her to make a decision based on what is right...
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...Self-concept and Relationship between Sexual self-concept perceived by Finnish population: Comparison between gender, sexual orientation, age and civil status. Abstract This study intends to find out if the self-concept and the sexual self-concept are related. It was conducted among Finnish people, and comparisons of the relations between gender, sexual orientation, civil status and age were made. Positive correlation was found between self-concept and sexual self-concept, emphasizing the importance of self-concept. Five of the four aspects of the Self-Concept Questionnaire were correlated with many aspects of the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire. The men present higher positive score than women in self-concept questionnaire, and women more tendencies to feel motivation to avoid risky sex. Additionally, no differences between age, sexual orientation and civil status in any aspect of either questionnaire were found. Key words: self-concept, sexual self-concept. Self-concept is an aspect of psychology which has become a subject of considerable research and applications to a wide variety of practical problems (Lynch, Norem-Hebeisen & Gergen, 1981). This area of research gives the contribution to understand the importance of the experiences in each chapter of life. The construction process of self or the self-concept, begins in infancy, is something of extreme importance for the balance and harmony in the future development, that...
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...Final Exam Social Psychology Professor Anderson-Woodard Alfreda Leonard June 17, 2011 Cognitive dissonance - was originally based on the concept of cognitive consistency, but is now more related to self-concept theory. When people do something that violates their view of themselves, this causes an uncomfortable state of dissonance that motivates a change in either attitudes or behavior. Cognitive dissonance is an uncomfortable feeling caused by holding conflicting ideas simultaneously. The theory of cognitive dissonance proposes that people have a motivational drive to reduce dissonance. They do this by changing their attitudes, beliefs, and actions.[2] Dissonance is also reduced by justifying, blaming, and denying. It is one of the most influential and extensively studied theories in social psychology. Observational learning (social learning) - suggests that behavior can be acquired by observation and imitation of others, unlike traditional learning theories which require reinforcement or punishment for learning to occur. Self-perception theory - emphasizes that we observe ourselves in the same manner that we observe others, and draw conclusions about our likes and dislikes. Extrinsic self-perceptions can lead to the overjustification effect. Self-verification theory - focuses on people’s desire to be known and understood by others. The key assumption is that once people develop firmly held beliefs about themselves, they come to prefer that others see them as they...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Every individual has a unique way of evaluating objects, persons or events in their social world. We normally respond to others ideas, issues, and the entire social environment in a favourable or unfavourable manner. Social psychologists therefore refer to attitude as the predisposition to behave in a consistent evaluative manner towards others, groups, objects etc. Attitude is defined as the individual’s evaluation of any aspect of his/her social world (Olson & Maio, 2003). It refers to the general and relatively enduring evaluations people have of other people, object or ideas (Petty, Wheeler, & Tormala, 2003). According to Dillard (1993), there are several varying conceptualizations of attitude in social research. At different points in it history, the concept of attitude has been linked to emotional, cognitive and behavioural processes (Brecker & Wiggins, 1989). Therefore, the definition of attitude should consist of cognitive, affective and behavioural components (Rokeach, 1968, Ajzen, 2005). According to Thurstone’s definition of attitude, it is referred to an affect for or against a psychological object (Ajzen, 2005). Ajzen and Fishbein (1975), defined attitude as a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favourable or unfavourable manner with respect to a given object. Petty and Cacioppo is of the view that attitudes are general and enduring positive or negative feelings about some person...
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...Introduction to Psychology: January 12, 2015 3 Main Problems of Psychology 1) Determinism vs. Freewill * The idea that everything that happens has a cause (determinism) versus the belief that behavior is cause by a person’s independent decisions (freewill) 2) The Mind-Brain Problem * The philosophical question of how experience relates to the brain. 3) The Nature-Nurture Issue * “How do differences in behavior relate to differences in heredity and environment?” Intro to Psych: Wednesday, January 14 2015 Three major philosophical issues with psychology: Free Will vs. Determinism - Determinism: Everything that happens has a cause. - Free Will: the belief that behavior is cause by a person’s independent decisions The Mind-Brain Problem - The philosophical question of how experience relates to the brain. - How is brain activity linked with our experienced? - There is a close relationship with brain activity and psychological events - “Do we feel first, or do we think first?” Nature-Nurture Issue - “How do differences in behavior relate to differences in heredity and environment?” Milgram and the shock experiment test Psychiatry - different from psychology in the way that a psychiatrist can prescribe medication and psychologists can not. - branch of the medical field that focuses on the brain and mental disorders **Get to know both of the “What Psychologists Do” handouts from class Quick History of Psychology Early era...
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...Job Satisfaction in Organizational Psychology Job satisfaction can be known to some people as an important element in their lives. If an individual is unhappy with their occupation it may affect other parts of their life. Job satisfaction can be seen in what one wants in a job as to what one has in their current job. Definition of Job Satisfaction Job satisfaction can be defined as an attitude or feeling one can have toward ones job. Job satisfaction is "the extent to which people like (satisfaction) or dislike (dissatisfaction) in their jobs. (Spector 1997) One of the biggest studies in job satisfaction was the Hawthorne studies which were credited to Elton Mayo in the year's nineteen twenty-four to nineteen fifty-three. Elton Mayo was from Harvard Business School who sought to find the effects of various conditions focusing on workers' productivity. His study showed that changes in work conditions temporarily increased productivity which is also known as the Hawthorne Effect. Some individuals may form an attitude towards their jobs by taking into account their feelings, beliefs and behavior. All these different factors can affect ones job satisfaction Example of Organizational Socialization and Job Satisfaction A great example of how organizational socialization goes a long way in ensuring job satisfaction is in the United States military. When a person decides to join any branch of the military there is a process in becoming a soldier. The organizational socialization...
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...Architecture and the Environment Psychology primarily focuses on the behaviors, thoughts, and emotions of organisms. There are many influences that contribute to these aspects of growth and development in a variety of areas. Not only does the concept and theories of nature versus nurture graduate an individual into the person that they will ultimately form into, but social elements, the environment including architectural surroundings, life experiences and many more fundamental characteristics form the foundation of a human. Research plays an explicit role in the comprehension process to explain the cause and effect of many different scenarios which may surface throughout an individual’s life; the outcome of different supporting roles can potentially support or consequently change the path which an individual may stroll towards throughout that life. The illusion that the comfort of our surroundings or the exhilaration of a new area whether it is a preference as an urban or rural area can cause peace or stress which has been noted in scientists theories and research. There are many different structures that are built in ways to produce peaceful, spiritual, aggressive, zealous, etc. ties causing behaviors to act according to the emotions that are being felt. Architectures design structures in which, the external and internal design, color, pattern, math, and physics, and many other attributes and subtopics contribute to the like and dislike of people’s opinions and the effectiveness...
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...Hospitality Information Systems and Users Paper Kim Sullins BIS/303 October 26, 2015 Craig Wheeler Hospitality Information Systems and Users Paper Inventory tracking is the controlling and overseeing of storage and the ordering of components that many companies use in producing items. Inventory tracking used also for overseeing and controlling of finished products for sale. A company’s inventory is their investment and a part of their assets that has sold and used in the company as part of its production. Inventories that are mismanaged may create sizeable financial and inventory problems for companies, whether the mismanagement results in an inventory shortage, over inventory and loss in possible sales. The two types of inventory tracking used are Perpetual and Periodic. In a perpetual (usually used in supermarkets or department stores), a continuous flow of inventory count is tracked using a point of sale (POS) check out system. This system is perfect for companies to manage what has sold and reorder when a reorder point has reached. Another advantage of this system is its ability to account for shrinkage (theft) and inventory turnover. The periodic system (used in smaller retailers) used to take a physical count of inventory at periodic intervals to...
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...mathematics can be a helpful tool to develop an understanding of the different relationships among them. Some pedagogical implications can be drawn from these relationships. Key Words: Image of mathematics, Mathematics anxiety, Attitude toward mathematics, Affect in mathematics education Introduction How do students perceive mathematics in schools? What are different images of mathematics that students perceive? How these images impact their learning? What is math anxiety? What are the causes of math anxiety? What is the relation of image of mathematics as perceived by students with math anxiety? What are different attitudes toward mathematics? How these attitudes impact learning mathematics? How images, anxieties and attitudes are related to each other? How do they form the personality of students in terms of mathematics? There are a number of past studies on images, anxieties, and attitudes towards mathematics, but none of them clearly discuss the relationship or interaction among...
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...Attitude and its role in consumer behavior Consumer Behavior – MKTG578 DeVry University, Keller Graduate School of Management October 19, 2014 Abstract This paper will address the role of attitude in consumer behavior that is related to belief, which has a significant influence on consumer’s decision making. The paper will also discuss the major factors of attitude and belief that consumer’s tendency respond to certain brand, product, and service. The finding contains in this paper will also present what can attitudes tell marketers about consumer, and what type of information consumer use in making a decision. Moreover, marketer would learn that it is easier to indirectly influence consumer behavior and belief by providing any type of knowledge, such as information and music, to create a good feeling about the product. Most importantly, the basic components that are an effective approach to changing attitude will be found in this paper, which will be very helpful to marketers in term of marketing and repositioning their brand, product, or service. This approach will alter the cognitive structure of a consumer’s attitude that leads them to changes in behavior. Finally, this paper contains an explanation of the link between attitude towards a brand, product, or service and consumer purchasing behavior. Table...
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...umoru allen henry bsc psychology, msc organisational psychology phd in view i. Internal factors Internal factors are those that are resident in the individual. They include the p erson’s physical characteristics, intellectual and psychological factors. Individual exposure to the world of works and gender stereotypes. a) Physical characteristics : An individual’s health is a factor that matters in career choice. How healthy a person is, physically and mentally will determine the career of job he goes for. Furthermore, some occupations (like the regimental ones) require a display of strengths in the recruitment into the police, army and paramilitary occupation. b) Intellectual factors:- Intelligence which refers to the mental ability of an individual is also very important. A person intelligent quotient is considerable in career choice. There are some professional courses like medicine, law and engineering whose cut off point are so high and except one is brilliant, and one cannot make it in the university matriculation examination. It takes only the bright ones to enter into the occupation of their dreams, especially in Nigeria, other considerations like political ethnic and religious factors may override intellectual qualification in admission and vocation selection. c) Aptitude: This refers to the special ability within a person that help him perform well in a given area of study. In a nutshell, the individual has to consider his fitness and readiness to do...
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...bring recognition in the organization or that working after office hours would affect health and personal life while behaviors represent the actions we take with regard to a particular object or entity. Example, whether one complete the project successfully or leave the office at 6:00 PM in the evening. In the simplest case, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors should be related but there are instances that the relation between attitudes, beliefs and behaviors is not very strong (Wiegel et al., 1974). For example, we might dislike studying, (a negative attitude) and rarely study at all (negative behavior) yet truly believe it will lead to success, yet rarely study. We could even dislike studying, be unsure whether it leads to better grades, and yet spend a great deal in studying. Hence, we can say that attitude is a complex cognitive process (Neovistas.com, 2004). Attitudes can be examined in terms of its three components: Affect, Behavioral, and Cognition. Affect consists of the emotional feelings stimulated by the object of the attitude for example: “I don’t like my boss” while behavioral are acts related to attitude object. Example: “I want to transfer to other department and cognition is the thoughts about attitude object. Example: “It will reduce the stress I am feeling” (Bergmann, 1998). The object of an attitude can be anything people have opinions about. Therefore, individual people, groups of people, institutions, products,...
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