...Introduction This critical literature review will focus on the impact of the National Minimum Wage on employment. This is an area we have had to familiarise ourselves with more and more throughout the last ten years because of the controversial effect of its instalment in April 1999 and its ever increasing minimum wage amount which causes most concern. The application of a few statistics should help summarise the ever increasing minimum wage and the sheer scale of people affected by its introduction. The national minimum wage has increased by a staggering 59% in the last ten years; from £3.60 in April 1999 to £5.73 in October 2008. (HRM, 2008) According to George Sayers Bain (1999) as from April 1999, the year of its instalment , “some two million low paid workers will gain. To put that into a different context is one in twelve employees; one in three house workers; one in five part time workers. The obvious reason for its introduction was to reduce poverty pay levels while at the same time decreasing the wage differentials of the minimum wage to the median wage of all workers. This is known as ‘the bite’ and is commonly used to assess the effectiveness of the minimum wage. (LPC, Low Pay Commission, 2007) As stated above the intention of this review is to firstly establish the effect of the National minimum wage on employment; justifying it as a positive, negative or mutual effect. Secondly to help incarcerate the purpose even more the retail sector will be focused on purely...
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...MNC's Effect on Local Businesses in Retailing Sector (India) Contents Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2 Effect of MNC’s into Indian Retail Market 5 Advantages 5 Disadvantages 7 Hypothesis 8 Conceptual Model 8 Conclusion 10 References 10 Abstract Globalization paved the way for entrepreneurs to expand their wings beyond their respective counties. MNCs exploit the business opportunities in other countries based on the FDI policies in those countries. This has both advantages and disadvantages to the target country. The MNCs have their impact on the economy and people of countries in which they operate business. This paper focuses on the impact of MNCs on local businesses in retail sector in India. The report review existing literature which provides insights into FDI policies in India, the level of FDI allowed by Indian government with respect to single –brand and multi-brand foreign companies, the advantages, opportunities, risks, threats and disadvantages of allowing MNCs into retailing sector in India. Introduction Retailing is the business taking up by individuals or families in India. Generally mom and pop kind of businesses operate in retail sector. The retail sector has tremendous growth in India. Moreover retailing is a profitable business in India. Since India is the country with huge population, naturally it is the correct destination to foreign investors to get profits from the market. India has been traditionally depending...
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...Decision making- Choosing a vendor for a large retail giant project a) Abstract: We are presenting a real time example of one of our projects, where we faced a challenging decision making scenario. b) Introduction: This project is for a Download Manager for a big retail company in Minneapolis. The project was a revamp of an existing product that the company was already offering, which enabled the users to download software’s and games through their Download Client. The new project would take care of the existing pain points which were hurting the company’s overall image which in turn led to financial losses. As a program manager we had to choose between various downloading clients whom would satisfy all the criteria’s that the company was looking for. This was the decision making problem which the team and the program manager faced. c) Literature review: Define/ recognizing Problem: the mentioned company, based out of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Is the largest electronic retail giant in the country. There the companies prominent presence is threatened by the internet as every electronic consumer product can be purchased online today. The company faced tight competition from other online e-commerce company and this project was supposed to be a being major revenue from online sales. The specific sales that we are concentrating on are software and game titles which are also available in hard copy formats. This project would give the customer an option to choose between hardcopy...
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...banking products and services for corporates and retail customers of a bank through an inconsistency of delivery channels and its specific subsidiaries in the areas of investment banking, life and non- life insurance, effective asset management and venture capital...
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...Team Literature Review Assignment RES/320 Foundations of Research April 4, 2011 Executive Summary The literature review essay attempts to assess secondary information sources on the aspect of customer satisfaction within the Wal-Mart Corporation. The problem statement clarifies the operations of Wal-Mart in which the company undertakes measures in maintaining a large customer base, excellent products and services, and a satisfied stakeholder foundation. The main body of the literature review commences with a quick history of consumerism and customer satisfaction and the effects of proper implementation. Various secondary sources examine survey and questionnaire reliability, deciphering such information, along with the positive and negative effects of proper evaluation of said questions. The essay shifts to customer satisfaction within The Wal-Mart Corporation coupled with opinionated and factual information on the corporation’s efforts concerning research and execution of the survey outcomes. Entailed in the literature body is an examination of internal factors such as Wal-Mart’s facts and figures, statements from the founder of the company Sam Walton, and details from store surveys. External factors include an outside perspective of Wal-Mart into the company’s research design, proper use of surveys, sources on research and how properly to conduct sound questionnaires. The research design entails qualitative phone surveys, written surveys done...
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...internet. They go online to search for information as well as purchasing there. Up to 90 % of high-income internet users regularly shop online2 and make the internet their number one source of information for luxury products. And countries like China and India, prognosed as the current emerging markets to be the future leading luxury markets, already started to favor the option of online shopping with increasing use. The trend towards online retailing of luxury products cannot be denied. The remaining question is in how far luxury products will be capable to be transferred to the online environment and will succeed in overcoming the paradox of luxury's online presence. Online retailing as the future distribution channel The undertaken literature reviews have mostly helped to provide efficient proof of the claim online retailing to be the future...
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...Visual Merchandising The Last Weapon of the Brick and Mortal Fast Fashion Retail Visual Merchandising The Last Weapon of the Brick and Mortal Fast Fashion Retail David Game College HND Business Management Simeon Alvas D0913058 David Game College HND Business Management Simeon Alvas D0913058 Abstract Consumer behaviour models are designed to explain how individuals make decisions to spend their available resources. It includes what they buy, how they buy it, why and when they buy it and how often they used it. One of the ways to influence this behaviour in a fast fashion retail setting is to use visual merchandising strategies which trigger a number of stimuli influencing the consumers’ perception. The purpose of this research is to establish to what extent this visual merchandising strategies influencing consumers with a different cultural background in a highly competitive multicultural retail environment with an emphasis on the flagship store of Armani Exchange Regent Street, London. The author argues that the available models of consumer behaviour does not provide sufficient flexibility due to their linear nature. Therefore, they are unsuitable to address the needs of a contemporary retailer operating in a multicultural environment. The researcher build his hypothesis by examining the available literature in the area of retail marketing. Consequently, the hypothesis is tested by analysing a mixed sources of primary and secondary data. The conclusion of the author...
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...Yu, Wantao (2011) Operations strategy, business environment, operations resources and performance: an empirical study of retail firms in China. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14191/1/546558.pdf Copyright and reuse: The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. · Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. · To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in Nottingham ePrints has been checked for eligibility before being made available. · Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or notfor-profit purposes without prior permission or charge provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. · Quotations or similar reproductions must be sufficiently acknowledged. Please see our full end user licence at: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdf A note on versions: The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the...
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...present. The country’s most significant industry is the retail industry (Jain et al, 2009). It is currently the 5th largest retail industry in the world and the industry contributes around 12% to the country’s Gross Domestic Product, it is also expected to grow at a very healthy rate and contribute around 22% by the end of 2011 (Srivastava, 2008). However the dominant sector in the retail industry is the unorganised sector, with the organised sector consisting of only 4% in the total industry. As India as a nation develops, there will be more foreign and domestic players looking to grab a share of the market. Along with domestic companies such as TATA, Future Group etc, Tesco of the UK and Wal-Mart from the USA have already set up plans to expand their business in the country, these are two of the heavy weights in the global retail industry. The organised sector in an effort to retain customers have introduced a variety of loyalty programmes and schemes, however due to the dominance of the unorganised sector in India the effectiveness and the consumer’s perception about such schemes have not been studied comprehensively. Therefore this dissertation aims to understand the consumer’s perception towards such loyalty schemes, how effective they are in building loyalty amongst the organization and the consumer, and to also understand the future and roles of the two retail sectors in the Indian retail industry. Key literature regarding this topic has been reviewed by the author, which...
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...Literature Review The impact of human resource management (HRM) policies and practices on firm performance is an important topic in the field of human resource management, industrial relations, and industrial and organisational. A number of texts have appeared in recent years promoting the advantages of using high involvement human resource practices, which can improve the knowledge, skills, and abilities of a firm's current and potential employees, increase their motivation, reduce shirking, and enhance retention of quality employees. In the existing literature, focus on the issue that human resource management practices is developing rapidly as it helps to create a source of sustained competitive advantage, especially when they are aligned with a firm's competitive strategy. In India, the rapid development in this sunrise sector accelerates the need for the right kind of employees who can take care of retail operations. The success of any player in this lucrative sector depends not only on understanding target market and implementing marketing mix strategies but also on how effectively a retailer develops systems of high performance work practices including comprehensive employee recruitment and selection procedures, incentive compensation and performance management systems, and extensive employee involvement and training. An increasing body of work evaluated the links between systems of High Performance Work Practices and firm performance. In India, sudden and unprecedented...
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...5174 A Comparative Study of Entry Modes Adopted by Sainsbury’s and M&S in China Based on Resource-based View Theory Yuyu Xiong 2203873 07/24/2016 Word Account: 3013 Table of Contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………..…3 1.1 Background ………………………………………………………………..…3 1.2 Research Questions …………………………………………………………..3 1.3 Research aim and objectives………………………………………………… 4 2. Literature Review ……………………………………………………………..….4 2.1 Timing ………………………………………………..…..4 2.2 Scale of Entry ………………………………..…..……5 2.3 Steps taken before choosing entry modes………………………………..…. 2.4 Entry Modes……………………………….……………………………..…. 2.5 Factors that influence the choice of entry mode…………………………..…. 3. Methodology…………………………………………………………………..….6 3.1 Research philosophy………………………………………………….………6 3.2 Research approach……………………………………………………………7 3.3 Research strategy…………………………………………………………..…7 3.4 Ethical implications………………………………………………………..…8 4. Limitations………………………………………………………………………...
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...of the shopping, has revealed that E-Commerce alongside to In-Store retail has become a big part of the shopping process over the past decades. In order to find out what the future shopping looks like, the definition of E-Commerce has been discussed as a theoretical part of the research. The research has revealed that E-Commerce is defined in common literature shortly as “doing business electronically”. (European Commission, 1997). When defining E-Commerce more in detail, the term has been analysed by Kalakota and Whinston from four different perspectives. As the term includes many actions in different variations, few business models have been created and analysed. Two common accepted and mentioned in literature...
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...The Making of a Successful Duty-Free Retail in the newly privatised International Airports in India – ‘Major Challenges and Strategies’ Vinay Bhuwania M.M.S., University of Mumbai Dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc. In Retail Management, University of Stirling University of Stirling 2006-2007 Declaration VINAY BHUWANIA 1. I confirm I have submitted an electronic version of the dissertation and give my permission for the Department of Marketing to run this through a programme which will check for plagiarism. I also give my permission for the Department of Marketing to reserve the right to place my dissertation on the University website for future students to access and view. 2. Signature: ………………………………… Date: ………………………………………. i Acknowledgements Firstly I would like to thank to my parents for their unwavering trust and wholehearted support; thanks to them I had the opportunity to live one of the most wonderful and unforgettable year of my life. Many thanks, to all my seniors and colleagues in all the organisations that I have worked, for their encouragement. I am also deeply grateful to my wife Preeti (Tofu), for her heartfelt support all throughout. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Paul Freathy, for his support and guidance and enhancing my knowledge on the subject of airport-retailing. Also wish to thank Cathy Butts - Resource Centre Manager, University...
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...Impact of digital sales promotional offers on consumer perceptions of ASOS, UK ABSTRACT Digital sales promotion is a new marketing technique used by the organizations for communicating with large number of customers in an easy manner. Attractive digital sales promotions generate positive attitude among the customers and it directly increases the customer perceptions. In this context, the present study analyses the impact of digital sales promotional offers on consumer perceptions of ASOS, UK. ASOS is a UK based online retailer and it extensively use digital sales promotional techniques for attracting young generation. Digital sales promotion through social media, SEO, etc helps the company to improve its sales volume. However, improper management of social networking sites, failure in creating unique customer experiences, etc adversely affects customer perception and thereby sales of the company. So, the researcher has decided to analyse the case of ASOS for evaluating the research problem. The present study was conducted on the basis of positivism philosophy, deductive approach and descriptive research design. The researcher has interviewed the managers and surveyed the customers of ASOS for collecting primary data for the study. Interview method provided qualitative data and survey method provided quantitative data required for the research. Internal and external secondary sources were referred by the researcher for gathering secondary data. From the research study, it...
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...Submitted to Dr. Arun Abraham Elias BRM RESEARCH PROPOSAL by Abhishek Rehan PGP16/301 Email id: abhishekr16@iimk.ac.in 2/28/2013 CONTENTS ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………….3 INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………...4 PROBLEM STRUCTURING…………………………………………………………………….5 STAKEHOLDER MAP…………………………………………………………………………..7 LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………………………………………8 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS………………………………...10 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY AND METHODS…………………………….………………11 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY…………………………………………………….……………..12 LIMITATIONS OF STUDY…………………………………………………………………….13 REFERENCE…………………………………………………………………………………….14 2 ABSTRACT India has witnessed a rapid social and cultural transformation in the past decade, mostly due to substantial western influence in every sphere of life. Coffee not only evolved from a mere commodity to a competing brand across companies, but there also has been a significant shift in its consumption pattern. Consumption of coffee at a coffee chain has grown at a rapid pace and has almost outgrown the consumption in our living rooms. Global giants like Barista and Costa Coffee have opened up retail outlets in India, though the café market is mostly dominated by Café Coffee Day in India. Through this research, I would try to evaluate the industry attractiveness of a new global coffee chain trying to enter Indian market and set up outlets here. In order to do that, one needs to find out the possible entry barriers, consumer buying...
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