...drinks segment Beverage Industry : An overview Consumers have started to be more inclined towards healthier options Fruit Drinks segment expected to grow in the future Industry giants customizing products by focusing more on nutritional values Porter’s 5 Forces : Beverage Industry Porter’s 5 Forces : Beverage Industry Hector Beverages : An overview FMCG company in the functional beverages industry Launched by former Coca Cola executives Neeraj Biyani, Neeraj Kakkar, Suhas Mishra and James Nutall Launched its first energy drink Tzinga in 2011 Entered the non energy drink segment with Paperboat Market Offering Product Features and Quality Features Sells classic Indian drinks in hygienic and attractive plastic pouches, and also the energy drink Tzinga Wide range of drinks such as chilled rasam, aamras, jaljeera Quality Marketing campaigns equate the brand with childhood memories thus creating a sense of nostalgia Strong brand perception of Paperboat as pure and innocent Products Offered Marketing Mix : 4 P’s Paperboat : Nostalgia Marketing Lj Tzinga : Taking the Bull by its horns Red bull is the dominant market leader in the energy drinks category Tzinga is priced at Rs. 25 compared to Red Bull at Rs. 95 for the same quantity Taking advantage of import duty on competitor brands...
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...McGill Law Journal ~ Revue de droit de McGill JUSTIFYING FIDUCIARY DUTIES Paul B. Miller* Fiduciary duties are critical to the integrity of a remarkable variety of relationships, including those between trustee and beneficiary, director and corporation, agent and principal, lawyer and client, doctor and patient, parent and child, and guardian and ward. Notwithstanding their variety, all fiduciary relationships are presumed to enjoy common characteristics and to attract a core set of demanding legal duties, most notably a duty of loyalty. Surprisingly, however, the justification for fiduciary duties is an enigma in private law theory. It is unclear what makes a relationship fiduciary and why fiduciary relationships attract fiduciary duties. This article takes up the enigma. It assesses leading reductivist and instrumentalist analyses of the justification for fiduciary duties. Finding them wanting, it offers an alternative account of the juridical justification for fiduciary duties. The author contends that the fiduciary relationship is a distinctive kind of legal relationship in which one person (the fiduciary) exercises power over practical interests of another (the beneficiary). Fiduciary power is a form of authority derived from the legal capacity of the beneficiary or a benefactor. The duty of loyalty is justified on the basis that it secures the exclusivity of the beneficiary’s claim over fiduciary power so understood. Les obligations fiduciaires sont essentielles pour...
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...things he has. The newly constructed mansion, a Honda civic , a Ducati motorcycle, an original Manny Paquiao shirt , a Tag Hever watch, a Levis maong pants, were all in his possession though he claimed that these are all owned and given by his wife. Sometimes , it sounds convincing but sometimes it’s irritating especially if he keeps on telling this to people whom he come across that these are all what he got. He is living like a well off man . He can go to shopping mall whenever he wants. If he wants to eat something exotic he can go to Subic. He can travel locally and internationally. With all these , people thought that his business proliferates. How fortunate! His daughter, LJ is enrolled in a well known private tertiary school taking up Photography, a course that he never approved . With this, LJ didn’t get support from her father in every undertaking she underwent . She never felt she’s special though she is the first child . She grew up with her lola who gave her the special attention she’s looking for. From then on, she envies the treatment that was given to her brother, believing that his brother is the favorite child. She tried to be somebody by engaging in sports. She played tennis and gave her best in this game until she became famous. Another story of her father was added on the list. His daughter brought him...
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...SCHEME OF EXAMINATION & DETAILED SYLLABUS for BA LLB Five Year Integrated Course (w.e.f. 2008 – 2009) UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW AND LEGAL STUDIES Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Kashmere Gate, Delhi – 110403 (With effect from the Academic Session 2008-2009) 1 FIVE-YEAR LAW COURSE BA LLB (H) PROGRAMME w.e.f. Academic Session 2008 – 2009 FIRST YEAR First Semester Paper Code LLB 101 BA LLB 103 BA LLB 105 LLB 107 LLB 111 BA LLB 113 BA LLB 115 SUBJECTS Legal Method History-I (Indian History) Political Science-I Law of Contract – I English and Legal Language Sociology-I (Introduction to Sociology) Economics-I (Microeconomic Analysis) Total Second Semester L 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 Credit 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 Paper Code LLB 102 BA LLB 104 LLB 110 LLB 112 SUBJECTS L 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 Credit 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 History – II (Legal History) Political Science – II Law of Contract – II Techniques of Communication, Client Interviewing and Counselling BA LLB 114 Environmental Studies BA LLB 116 Sociology-II (Indian Society) BA LLB 118 Economics – II (Macroeconomic Analysis) Total (With effect from the Academic Session 2008-2009) 2 SECOND YEAR Third Semester SUBJECTS L 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 Credit 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 Paper Code LLB 201 LLB 203 LLB 205 LLB 207 LLB 209 BA LLB 213 Business Law Family Law – I Constitutional Law – I Law of Crimes – I Advocacy Skills History – III (History of Modern Europe: 1740-1947) BA LLB 215 Political Science – III Total ...
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...Recent Case Law Cases on Sale of Goods and Contract 2009 - 2000 Statutes Sale of Goods Act 1979 Sale and Supply of Goods Act 1994 The Sale and Supply of Goods to Consumers Regulations 2002 Unfair Contract terms Act 1977 Factors Act 1889 Part III Hire Purchase Act 1964: ss.27 - 29. Companion Volume The Law of Contract Monday August 19th 2013 6. Terms of the Contract There are few formalities in terms of the formation of simple contracts. A contract may be made under deed, in writing, The old requirement of a seal has been abolished. Land Law requires, for example, that leases for more than three years must be made by deed. S 52 Law of Property Act 1925. Company Law requires that contracts be in writing for the transfer of certain shares and the Consumer Credit lays down quite...
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...lnc reffi CmenLES Scmwats IN 2008 € r*sa*s:E-3{:Y?*N at the time' was 32 ln l97l , Charles Schwab' who concetn' Firsr com,J,;; ;i';;,, ,iott' brokerage the name to Charles mander. Larer he *oufilhunle t" i975' Schwab & Company, t'-"' *httt.the Securi- tiesandExchangeCommission(SEC)abo'lishedmanstock,uades', datorv fixed commt"it"t t" :t^ll:: brokerage.busrness' ;;;;e t"piarv into the discount as 60"/" below those *"h offering rates that *ttt u' brokers' Over the next offered by full commission of 204'000 trades a dar slumped from an averase a day in 2002 In 200:' in 2000 to 112,000 "'it' tc s+': billion' net .income .fell oi ;;;'"j.[-it high price ttllTgT^" boii '"i[a", and the stock a low of $6'30 in earl' ((r70 a share in l9;;-; *a' Fl,i:h*ab. the kev strategic question and tevtta\tze growth' how to reverse tf" i"tft"t' goal of 20"h ,a'1u,tolt"t" ,"ri"1fr. company's greater tnatt LL /o' growth and a profit margin ;ilr. 25 years, ,t growth' .o-pu'-'y"e"perienced t'19:?. " focus' sawy investments fueled by a customer-centtic (tt)''"'d .a. number of a bold move into oroduct inno'ations'-inliuding tnline trading in 1996' reSlrded as one By 2000, the company wa;1idelv of the era' Revenues had of the great success i''it' net income to $803 milsrown to $7'l billlon nnJ respeci^;",,;;.;; $i.t t ltlio, and $124 million' account to ;';.ir:i, i;;3' o"li"e tradins had grown "t'dtil.ttough ilT;".';;;"i"r'"'i"g' Ye-ae $c*uaagsgs I XaqlgcRA*E E N alq-:...
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...ENG2602/101/3/2015 Tutorial letter 101/3/2015 GENRES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE: THEORY, STYLE AND POETICS ENG2602 Semesters 1 & 2 Department of English Studies IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This Tutorial Letter contains important information about your module. CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 3 2 PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE............................................................... 4 2.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Outcomes .....................................................................................................................................4 3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS................................................................................... 5 3.1 Lecturer(s) .................................................................................................................................... 5 3.2 Department ................................................................................................................................... 6 3.3 University ...................................................................................................................................... 6 4 MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES ..................
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...Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes1–3 Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari, Edward Giovannucci, Walter C Willett, Thomas Dietrich, and Bess Dawson-Hughes Downloaded from ajcn.nutrition.org at UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO SCIENCE LIBRARY on September 23, 2012 ABSTRACT Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D intakes above current recommendations may be associated with better health outcomes. However, optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] have not been defined. This review summarizes evidence from studies that evaluated thresholds for serum 25(OH)D concentrations in relation to bone mineral density (BMD), lowerextremity function, dental health, and risk of falls, fractures, and colorectal cancer. For all endpoints, the most advantageous serum concentrations of 25(OH)D begin at 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL), and the best are between 90 and 100 nmol/L (36 – 40 ng/mL). In most persons, these concentrations could not be reached with the currently recommended intakes of 200 and 600 IU vitamin D/d for younger and older adults, respectively. A comparison of vitamin D intakes with achieved serum concentrations of 25(OH)D for the purpose of estimating optimal intakes led us to suggest that, for bone health in younger adults and all studied outcomes in older adults, an increase in the currently recommended intake of vitamin D is warranted. An intake for all adults of 1000 IU (40 g) vitamin D (cholecalciferol)/d is needed to bring vitamin...
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...BRIEFING PAPER Number 06553, 10 November 2015 Zero-hours contracts By Doug Pyper and Aliyah Dar Inside: 1. Introduction 2. The prevalence of zero-hours contracts 3. The legal implications of zerohours contracts 4. Zero-hours contracts and jobseeker benefits 5. Coalition Government review of zero-hours contracts 6. Coalition Government consultations 7. Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 8. Draft Regulations 9. Opposition proposals prior to the 2015 General Election 10. Scottish Affairs Committee report 11. Comment www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | papers@parliament.uk | @commonslibrary Number 06553, 10 November 2015 Contents Summary 3 1. Introduction 4 2. 2.1 The prevalence of zero-hours contracts Number of people employed Estimates from the Labour Force Survey Estimates from other sources Prevalence by business size and sector Health and social care sector Further and higher education sector Characteristics of people on employed on zero-hours contracts 5 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 2.2 2.3 3. 3.1 The legal implications of zero-hours contracts Zero-hours contracts and employment status The reality of the agreement 10 10 11 4. Zero-hours contracts and jobseeker benefits 13 5. Coalition Government review of zero-hours contracts 14 6. 6.1 6.2 Coalition Government consultations Consultation outcome: banning exclusivity clauses Consultation on banning exclusivity clauses 16 16 17 7. Small Business, Enterprise and...
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...BASF-Grameen launches magic mosquito net in Bangladesh by News Desk March 24, 2012 |[pic]Print |[pic]Send |[pic]Comment |[pic]RSS |Share: [pic] [pic] |[pic] | | | | | |[pic] | | Click Image to Enlarge[pic] A joint venture project of world-famous German company BASF and Nobel Prize winner Dr. Yunus' Grameen has started commercial production of Magic Mosquito net in Bangladesh from March 23, 2012. Effective up to 20 washes, depending on local conditions, the fendozin-rich net would kill mosquitoes and other bugs within 20 minutes after they come in contact with it, said officials. The nets are already available across the country and cost TK 650~700 [US$ 8-9] a piece. The nets meet the requirements of the World Health Organization and are "extremely safe" for humans and other mammals, said Saria Sadique, managing director of BASF Bangladesh. The country's first Long Lasting Impregnated Net [LLIN] plant, which has been set up in the industrial park, cost TK 124 million and has created jobs for 800 people. The plant owned and operated by Grameen Fabrics and Fashions will manufacture the nets under the brand name Interceptor. BASF Grameen Limited will market the product. In near future, this magic mosquito net will also be exported to a number of countries in the world. The plant can now produce up to 3,000 nets a day and its capacity would enhance in days to come...
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...Cyber and Traditional Bullying Victimization as a Risk Factor for Mental Health Problems and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents Rienke Bannink1, Suzanne Broeren1, Petra M. van de Looij – Jansen2, Frouwkje G. de Waart2, Hein Raat1* 1 Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 2 Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam area, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Abstract Purpose: To examine whether traditional and cyber bullying victimization were associated with adolescent’s mental health problems and suicidal ideation at two-year follow-up. Gender differences were explored to determine whether bullying affects boys and girls differently. Methods: A two-year longitudinal study was conducted among first-year secondary school students (N = 3181). Traditional and cyber bullying victimization were assessed at baseline, whereas mental health status and suicidal ideation were assessed at baseline and follow-up by means of self-report questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between these variables while controlling for baseline problems. Additionally, we tested whether gender differences in mental health and suicidal ideation were present for the two types of bullying. Results: There was a significant interaction between gender and traditional bullying victimization and between gender and cyber bullying victimization on mental health problems. Among boys, traditional and cyber bullying victimization...
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...1.2 : Strategic Changes Section 1.3 : Success in Market place Section 1.4 : Changes in Financial Fortunes Section 1.5 : Financial Fortunes FAIRFAX LTD. Section 2.1 : Corporate Governance Section 2.2 : History Section 2.3 : Credit Ratings MERGERS & ACQUISATIONS Section 3.1 : Legal Structures Section 3.2 : Documentation Section 3.3 : Business Valuation TAKEOVERS Section 4.1 : Types Of Takeover Section 4.2 : Financing a Takeover Section 4.3 : Mechanics Section 4.4 : Strategies Section 4.5 : Agency Problems Section 4.6 : Pros & Cons Laws & Codes used during takeover Section 5.1 : City Code on Takeovers & Mergers Section 5.2 : Competetion Law Section 5.3 : Takeover Directives Section 5.4 : Companies ACT 1985 BLACKBERRY TAKEOVER REGULATORY APPROVAL COMPETETION COMMISION FOR TAKE OVER FCPA Section 8.1 : Provision & Scope Section 8.2 : History Section 8.3 : Requirements Section 8.4 : Application UK BRIBERY ACT TAKEOVER MECHANICS OF BLACKBERRY TAKEOVER CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY & REFERENCES ACKNOLEGDEMENT I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide Prof. Deepak Dayal for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this thesis. The blessing, help and guidance given by him time to time shall carry me a long way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark. I also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude...
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...Elements of the law of contract Catharine MacMillan Richard Stone 2009 LLB 2650040 Diploma in Law 2690040 page 2 University of London External System This subject guide was prepared for the University of London External System by: u Catharine MacMillan BA (Victoria) , LLB (Queen’s, Canada), LLM (Cantab), Lecturer in Law, School of Law, Queen Mary, University of London and u Richard Stone LLB (Soton), LLM (Hull), Barrister, Professor and Head of Law, Lincoln Law School, University of Lincoln. In the 2004 edition of this guide Catharine MacMillan was primarily responsible for Chapters 1–2, 4–5, 7–8, 10–14 and 16–17. Richard Stone was primarily responsible for Chapters 3, 6, 9 and 15. Catharine MacMillan was responsible for the 2009 revision. This is one of a series of subject guides published by the University. We regret that owing to pressure of work the authors are unable to enter into any correspondence relating to, or arising from, the guide. If you have any comments on this subject guide, favourable or unfavourable, please use the form at the back of this guide. Acknowledgements Figure 15.1 has been reproduced by kind permission of: u Figure 15.1: © Illustrated London News Picture Library. Photographs © C. MacMillan, 2003 Publications Office The External System University of London Stewart House 32 Russell Square London WC1B 5DN United Kingdom www.londonexternal.ac.uk Published by the University of London Press ©...
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...Quality Assessment in Higher Education with Special Focus on AUIB PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 ORIGIN OF THE STUDY This research project, which is entitled as “Quality Assessment in Higher Education with Special Focus on AIUB” has been prepared to fulfill the requirement of the course RESEARCH METHODOLOGY under the Bachelors of Business Administration degree of American International University Bangladesh. The submission date of the report is 18th January 2003. 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of this study are to: Give an idea about the higher education sector in Bangladesh, its quality and effectiveness. Discuss the rationale behind the emergence of private universities. Understand the establishments of AIUB in respect of its facilities, infrastructure and legal requirements. Know the human resource strength of AIUB. Discuss various aspects to analyze AIUB’s performance such as: campus area, no and qualification of faculty members, library space and book quantity, lab facilities, counseling opportunity for students, extra curricular activities, credit transfer facilities, research & publications, administrative service to students, tuition waiver, etc. Find out its growth level over the last years. This has been done in two ways: by calculating the number of new entrants over the last years and by calculating the rise in student intake. Obtain a comprehensive insight about the operating aspects of AIUB including strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats...
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...FINANCE AND FINANCIAL MARKETS 3,6 Types of financial intermediaries Financial institutions are like most other businesses in that they exist to make a profit and this is maximized by minimizing their costs and maximizing their revenue. Like most firms they can only survive if they design and sell products and services that can meet demand at a reasonable profit level. We now proceed to look at some of the key types of financial institutions that are involved in the process of financial intermediation; that is, the transfer of funds between surplus and deficit agents. We distinguish between deposit-accepting institutions, such as banks and savings institutions, and other types of financial intermediaries, such as insurance companies, mutual funds/unit trusts, pension funds, hedge funds and private equity and the like. 3.7 deposit institution an institution such as a bank or savings institution that accepts cash deposits Deposit institutions Deposit institutions accept deposits from economic agents. These funds become their liabilities which they then on-lend to make direct loans or investments, which become their assets. Deposit-taking institutions aim to make a profit in the way of 'spread income' between the cost of the deposits that they accept and other sources of funding, and the return that they receive on their investment portfolio in the way of loans, equity stakes and other investments. Examples of deposit institutions include commercial banks,...
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