...Ray-Ban Sunglasses Case Study Submitted by: Murtaza Ali 20057 Azika Gulraiz Sadiq 21062 Alina Naqvi 21654 Teacher: Mr. Faisal K. Qureshi EDC – 21 Saturday 18:30 to 21:00 QUESTIONS: 1. Evaluate the Dominant Economic Traits of the Tea Industry in Pakistan. 2. How Ray Ban is Using Music, Architecture and the Human Experience to Sell Sunglasses 3. Create IFAS & EFAS for Tapal Tea. March, 2015 Karachi, Pakistan IQRA UNIVERSITY INTRODUCTION Ray-Ban is a brand of sunglasses and eyeglasses founded in 1937 by American company Bausch & Lomb.[1] The brand is best known for their Wayfarer and Aviator styles of sunglasses. In 1999, Bausch & Lomb sold the brand to the Italian Luxottica Group for a reported $640 million.[2] HISTORY OF Ray-Ban The history of the Ray-Ban Aviator dates back to the 1930s, when new airplanes allowed people to fly higher and farther. Many US Army Air Service pilots were reporting that the glare from the sun was giving them headaches and altitude sickness. In 1929, US Army Air Corps Lieutenant General John MacCready asked Bausch & Lomb, a Rochester, New York-based medical equipment manufacturer, to create aviation sunglasses that would reduce the headaches and nausea experienced by pilots, which are caused by the intense blue and white hues of the sky,[3][4] a new kind of glasses were introduced. The prototype, created in 1936 and known as ‘Anti-Glare’, had plastic frames and green lenses that could cut out the glare without...
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...audits of the amounts, control, and potential uncertainties of cash flows. Keeping the financial data current is important because majority of the time the data contains information about the organization’s equity and economic resources. Developing and analyzing ethical standards carefully allows organizations to stay in compliance with those standards formed for the health care community. Poor ethics and financial planning sometimes effects consumers. According to Nelson (2011), “Basic ethics principles that make up our common morality, including respect for patients, acting in patients’ best interest, avoid bringing harm to patients and treating patients in a fair and equitable manner, serve as the foundation for healthcare values.” This paper will contain a summary of the four elements associated with financial management, generally accepted accounting principles, and general financial ethical standards. The reader will explore Examples from two articles “Ethical Decision making for healthcare Executives” and “Ethics: A foundation for quality” that reflect ethical standards of conduct, financial reporting practices, and the significance of each example. Four elements of financial Management The four elements of financial management are planning, controlling, organizing/directing, and decision making. Planning is the methodical manner in which decisions are made according to the goals of an organization both short and long term. Management must supervise and monitor each...
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... Objectives 12 Chapter 3: Research Methodology 14 Research Design 14 Chapter 4: Results and Analysis 15 Chapter 5: Conclusion and Suggestions 24 Conclusion 24 Suggestions 25 Limitations 26 Annexure 27 About Vision Spring 27 References 32 Questionnaire 34 List of figures Figure 1 Gender distribution of the respondents…………………………. 17 Figure 2 Age of the Respondents……….………………………….……… 18 Figure 3 Pair of eyeglasses people own………………………………..…. 19 Figure 4.Number of retailer customers shopped around…...................... 19 Figure 5 Location…………………………………………………………..…. 20 Figure 6 - The influence of the optician…..………………………………… 21 Figure 7- Influencing factors………………………………………………… 21 Figure 8- Costumers buying online……………..………………………….. 22 Figure 9- satisfaction level of online purchase…………………………….. 23 Figure 10- Reasons behind buying eyewear…………...…………………. 23 Figure 11 discounts/promotions……………………………………………. 24 Figure 12 online use of discount or promotion……………………………. 26 Figure 13 gender and influencers……………………...…………………....26 Executive Summary This project on “Study of Indian Consumers Preferences towards Eyewear” aims at studying the eyewear industry in India and the consumer preferences in this industry. VisionSpring is an eyewear company that works to ensure affordable access to eyewear, everywhere. Primary objective of this project is to analyse the consumer buying behaviour and habits. For this purpose, research and analysis is very important...
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...American Finance Association Why Do Companies Go Public? An Empirical Analysis Author(s): Marco Pagano, Fabio Panetta, Luigi Zingales Source: The Journal of Finance, Vol. 53, No. 1 (Feb., 1998), pp. 27-64 Published by: Blackwell Publishing for the American Finance Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/117434 . Accessed: 24/08/2011 01:33 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Blackwell Publishing and American Finance Association are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Finance. http://www.jstor.org THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE * VOL LIII, NO. 1 * FEBRUARY 1998 Why Do Companies Go Public? An Empirical Analysis MARCO PAGANO, FABIO PANETTA, and LUIGI ZINGALES* ABSTRACT Using a large database of private firms in Italy, we analyze the determinants of initial public offerings (IPOs) by comparingthe ex ante and ex post characteristics of IPOs with those of private firms. The likelihood of an IPO is increasing in the company's size and the industry's market-to-bookratio...
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...“Shooting the Messenger?” The Impact of Short Sale Bans in Times of Crisis Ian Appel 1 and Caroline Fohlin 2 Original Version: 5/8/09 This Draft: 10/22/10 Abstract: We find that the bans on covered short sales, implemented in several countries during the financial crisis of 2008-09 improved market liquidity or at least had a neutral impact; a result we argue could be expected in theory, given a simple variation on the Diamond-Verrechia (1987) model. The result holds for daily data over an extended period as well as for intraday data over various time spans. In contrast to other recent studies, we use American Depository Receipts as the controls in a difference-in-difference analysis encompassing all banned non-U.S. shares with corresponding depository receipts listed in the United States. Furthermore, we find that bans on covered short sales generally succeeded in lowering volatility. Banning short selling is not good policy in normal times, but our findings indicate that such bans might prove useful in (temporarily) stemming liquidity loss during crises. 1 2 Department of Finance, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. ianappel@wharton.upenn.edu. Department of Economics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. fohlin@jhu.edu. We thank without implicating Hülya Eraslan, Thomas Gehrig, and Jonathan Wright as well as participants at the FRIAS-Bundesbank workshop of March, 2010, for comments on a previous draft. Fohlin acknowledges financial support...
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...Marketing Channel Strategy This page intentionally left blank Eighth Edition Marketing Channel Strategy Robert W. Palmatier University of Washington’s Foster School of Business Louis W. Stern Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management Adel I. El-Ansary University of North Florida’s Coggin College of Business Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editor in Chief: Stephanie Wall Acquisitions Editor: Mark Gaffney Program Manager Team Lead: Ashley Santora Program Manager: Jennifer M. Collins Director of Marketing: Maggie Moylen Executive Marketing Manager: Anne Fahlgren Project Manager Team Lead: Judy Leale Project Manager: Thomas Benfatti Operations Specialist: Nancy Maneri Cover Designer: Suzanne Behnke Creative Director: Jayne Conte Digital Production Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi Full Service Vendor: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Full Service Project Manager: Anandakrishnan Natarajan/Integra Software Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Westford Cover Printer: Lehigh-Phoenix Text Font: 10/12, ITC Garamond Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text (or on page xix). Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice...
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...0120.art_A1_313_0120.art_A1_313.qxd 09/05/13 11.39 Pagina 61 economia & management 3 - 2013 corbellini - marafioti LA CSR NELLA MODA Strumento di marketing o elemento fondante della strategia di impresa? Senior Lecturer Area Strategia e Imprenditorialità, SDA Bocconi erica.corbellini@sdabocconi.it Elisabetta Marafioti Docente Senior Area Strategia e Imprenditorialità, SDA Bocconi elisabetta.marafioti@unibocconi.it LO SCENARIO POST CRISI DEL 2008 HA SEGNATO UN CAMBIAMENTO PROFONDO NELLE ATTITUDINI DI CONSUMO DEI BENI DI ALTA GAMMA. IL PRODOTTO È TORNATO PROTAGONISTA E IL CONCETTO DI QUALITÀ DEL PRODOTTO NON PUÒ PRESCINDERE DA TRACCIABILITÀ, DENOMINAZIONE D’ORIGINE, UN’ORGANIZZAZIONE DEL LAVORO ATTENTA AI BISOGNI DELLE PERSONE E UN CICLO DI PRODUZIONE-DISTRIBUZIONE RISPETTOSO DELL’AMBIENTE. È CRESCIUTA, NELLE AZIENDE DELLA MODA, L’ATTENZIONE ALLA CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY. L’ARTICOLO SI PROPONE DI INVESTIGARE IN QUALE MISURA QUESTA NUOVA SENSIBILITÀ SIA UNA STRATEGIA CONCRETA O SIA PREVALENTEMENTE LIMITATA A OPERAZIONI DI MARKETING. L’ANALISI DELLE POLITICHE DI CSR DI 26 AZIENDE LEADER MOSTRA COME LA RESPONSABILITÀ SOCIALE SIA DESTINATA A DIVENTARE ELEMENTO INTEGRANTE DELLA VALUE PROPOSITION AZIENDALE E PREMESSA DEL SUCCESSO COMPETITIVO. 61 © RCS Libri SpA - TUTTI I DIRITTI SONO RISERVATI Erica Corbellini 0120.art_A1_313_0120.art_A1_313.qxd 09/05/13 11.39 Pagina 62 e. corbellini, e. marafioti economia & management 3 - 2013 ...
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...This text was adapted by The Saylor Foundation under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License without attribution as requested by the work’s original creator or licensee. Organization The overarching logic of the book is intuitive—organized around answers to the what, where, why, and how of international business. WHAT? Section one introduces what is international business and who has an interest in it. Students will sift through the globalization debate and understanding the impact of ethics on global businesses. Additionally, students will explore the evolution of international trade from past to present, with a focus on how firms and professionals can better understand today’s complex global business arena by understanding the impact of political and legal factors. The section concludes with a chapter on understanding how cultures are defined and the impact on business interactions and practices with tangible tips for negotiating across cultures. WHERE? Section two develops student knowledge about key facets of the global business environment and the key elements of trade and cooperation between nations and global organizations. Today, with increasing numbers of companies of all sizes operating internationally, no business or country can remain an island. Rather, the interconnections between countries, businesses, and institutions are inextricable. Even how we define the world is changing. No longer classified into simple and neat...
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...Annual report 2010/11 burberry An iconic british luxury brand established in 1856 leverages its rich heritage, proven strategies and talented team to assure sustainable, profitable growth on a global scale Contents 4 8 12 18 22 28 44 54 58 66 68 71 76 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 Financial highlights Chairman’s letter Chief Executive Officer’s letter Executive team Burberry Group overview Strategy Business and financial review Risk Corporate responsibility Board of Directors Directors’ Report Corporate governance Directors’ Remuneration Report Statement of directors’ responsibilities Independent auditors’ report to the members of Burberry Group plc Group income statement Group statement of comprehensive income Group balance sheet Group statement of changes in equity Group statement of cash flows Notes to the financial statements 133 Five year summary 135 Independent auditors’ report to the members of Burberry Group plc 136 Company balance sheet 137 Notes to the Company financial statements 141 Shareholder information 143 Executive team 1 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS DELIVERING RECORD PROFITS Total revenue (Year to March) £1,501m 11 10 10* 09 08 07 0 1501 1,501 1,185 1,280 1,202 995 850 Retail revenue (Year to March) £962m 11 10 10* 09 08 07 0 962 962 710 749 630 484 410 Wholesale revenue (Year to March) £441m 11 10 10* 09 08 07 0 489 441 377 434 489 426 354 Revenue by channel in 2010/11 Retail 64% Wholesale 29% Licensing 7% ...
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...Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” DIPARTIMENTO DI STUDI PER L’ECONOMIA E L’IMPRESA Corso di laurea triennale in Economia aziendale Tesi di laurea in Economia e gestione delle Banche e delle Imprese di Assicurazione Il Credito alle imprese durante la Crisi Relatore: Prof. Mario Valletta Candidato: Stefano Siccità Anno Accademico 2011/2012 1 Indice 1. Introduzione………………………………………………………………...….3 2. Un semplice modello del mercato creditizio………………………….………..5 3. I dati: andamento del credito e dei tassi bancari nel 2011……………………12 3.1 La domanda di credito…………………………………………..……..14 3.2 L’offerta di credito………………………………………………..……16 3.3 Il costo del credito……………………………………………………...22 3.4 La qualità del credito…………………………………………………...25 3.5 Il punto di vista delle imprese………………………………………….27 4. Una valutazione d’assieme……………………………………………………35 5. Possibili soluzioni…………………………………………………………….42 6. Bibliografia……………………………………………………………………61 2 Introduzione Lo scopo di questo studio è fornire un quadro analitico su un problema, che a mio avviso è di centrale attualità in questo periodo: il credito bancario alle imprese durante la crisi. Gli effetti di una stretta sul credito possono essere assai rilevanti: le imprese potrebbero esser costrette a ridimensionare i piani di investimento, alcune potrebbero non aver più sufficiente liquidità, mentre altre non potrebbero addirittura evitare il default, con l’effetto di prolungare e amplificare la recessione...
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...CONNECT FEATURES Interactive Applications Interactive Applications offer a variety of automatically graded exercises that require students to apply key concepts. Whether the assignment includes a click and drag, video case, or decision generator, these applications provide instant feedback and progress tracking for students and detailed results for the instructor. Case Exercises The Connect platform also includes author-developed case exercises for all 12 cases in this edition that require students to work through answers to assignment questions for each case. These exercises have multiple components and can include: calculating assorted financial ratios to assess a company’s financial performance and balance sheet strength, identifying a company’s strategy, doing five-forces and driving-forces analysis, doing a SWOT analysis, and recommending actions to improve company performance. The content of these case exercises is tailored to match the circumstances presented in each case, calling upon students to do whatever strategic thinking and strategic analysis is called for to arrive at a pragmatic, analysis-based action recommendation for improving company performance. eBook Connect Plus includes a media-rich eBook that allows you to share your notes with your students. Your students can insert and review their own notes, highlight the text, search for specific information, and interact with media resources. Using an eBook with Connect Plus gives your...
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