...In the year 1964, Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act, even though around ten years prior, he was in opposition to passing civil rights bills. In response to a question by civil rights leader, Roy Wilkins, about why he had changed his mind about the topic, and why it had taken so long for him to do so, Johnson responded with a vague quote. Johnson’s “motives” for signing the Civil Rights Act trip over his previous actions in which he opposed anything to do with civil rights. These facts support the claim that Lyndon B. Johnson’s decision to sign the Civil Rights Act was political. In the background essay, it is stated that “During his senate years, Johnson, like most Southerners, did not support federal civil rights laws.” This information makes a clear connection as to why Johnson would oppose the laws as he followed his beliefs. Johnson’s beliefs are contested in all documents, however, there is only one true answer. In a speech delivered by Johnson on March 15, 1965, Johnson stated that “My first job after college was as a teacher in Cotulla, Tex., in a small Mexican-American school… (The students) knew even in their youth the pain of prejudice…” It seems as if Johnson’s background as a teacher influenced his decision. However, if these were his...
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...The Vietnam War was the longest lasting military conflict in American History. What was originally fear of communist expansion became one of America’s most expensive and strenuous efforts, consuming over fifty eight thousand American lives. As casualties increased throughout the 1960’s, so did the domestic opposition to the war. In turn, large-scale protests and a lack of trust between government and its people rose. Today many of the war’s details remain unclear; however, Hollywood has had its hand at depicting what occurred. This paper provides an analysis of the Vietnam War, as well as its depiction in the 21st century film industry. “The Deer Hunter,” “Born on the 4th of July” and “Casualties of War” are three different interpretations of the war in both foreign and domestic settings. Each film offers a different point of view, varying from social, political, and military perspectives. Following the Second World War, the French set forth an effort to regain their former colonial possession of Indo-China, which had been occupied by the Japanese throughout the war. After nearly a decade, the French were unable to establish a presence in what they called their “inheritance”, and as a result withdrew under the Geneva Accord in 1954. Meanwhile conflict within the regions of Vietnam created instability. A communist regime called the Peoples Army of Vietnam (PAVN), headed by Ho Chi Minh obtained power of the North. In contrast Ngo Dinh Diem established an interim government that...
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...The U.S. military and government fell for it and General William Westmoreland believed an attack would be conducted against the Marine base in Khe Sanh. The General told President Johnson that the base was being defended and in turn the President assured congress that everything was under control. On November 19, 1967, General Westmoreland told a news organization “the U.S. could win the war within two years” and at the National Press Club on November 21, 1967, he said “the end begins to come into...
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...The Vietnam War was the longest lasting military conflict in American History. What was originally fear of communist expansion became one of America’s most expensive and strenuous efforts, consuming over fifty eight thousand American lives. As casualties increased throughout the 1960’s, so did the domestic opposition to the war. In turn, large-scale protests and a lack of trust between government and its people rose. Today many of the war’s details remain unclear; however, Hollywood has had its hand at depicting what occurred. This paper provides an analysis of the Vietnam War, as well as its depiction in the 21st century film industry. “The Deer Hunter,” “Born on the 4th of July” and “Casualties of War” are three different interpretations of the war in both foreign and domestic settings. Each film offers a different point of view, varying from social, political, and military perspectives. Following the Second World War, the French set forth an effort to regain their former colonial possession of Indo-China, which had been occupied by the Japanese throughout the war. After nearly a decade, the French were unable to establish a presence in what they called their “inheritance”, and as a result withdrew under the Geneva Accord in 1954. Meanwhile conflict within the regions of Vietnam created instability. A communist regime called the Peoples Army of Vietnam (PAVN), headed by Ho Chi Minh obtained power of the North. In contrast Ngo Dinh Diem established an interim government that...
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...Economics Development Impacts High Speed Rail Tom Kayo TMLT601, I001, Fall 15 American Public University Emmet Fritch December 26, 2015 Abstract This paper premise is the economic development impacts of transportation in general, as examined by Kumares, Sinha & Labi (2007). Multiple studies have revealed that investments in public transportation ultimately drives productivity and economic growth (Kumares, Sinha & Labi, 2007). This paper however will move away from highways and most common types of transit systems to focus on high speed rail and its potential economic development impacts in the United States. By examining additional resources such as World Bank analysis, papers from the MIT library, and reports from non-profit advocacy groups, this paper seeks answers on why a project with tremendous economic benefits has not yet happened in a country known for always being first when it comes to leading in innovation and economic development. Introduction In Kumares et al.’s. (2007), two types of transportation impact on economic development are listed. One is the impact on the overall economic development, driving income and jobs, for instance, and the other is the positive effect on investment, property appreciation and tax revenue. All of this correlates with higher wages and better communities. At the same times, when looking at other developed and emerging countries, like countries of the European Union and China for example it’s...
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...The Assassination of President Kennedy - Two Points of View One of the greatest tragedies in our nation’s history, the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, has also been one of the greatest mysteries of the past forty-seven years. There have been two deeply contested beliefs regarding how the assassination was completed. One is that this was the action of a single gunman and the other that their were two or more gunmen. Another key debate has been who was behind the assassination. This debate carries a wide spectrum of possibilities; was this done by one single demented man, a domestic organized crime ring, an opposing foreign government, or could it have even been carried out by high powered domestic politicians. The years since the assassination have seen countless investigative reporters, everyday citizens, government agencies and special commissions, and members of the scientific community study those precious moments in Dallas, Texas when our President was killed at such an early age. Yet, little has been discovered to pinpoint exactly who was responsible and how the assassination was carried out, until now. Doctor G. Paul Chambers is a scientific and ballistic expert that contracts with the NASA Goddard Optics Branch and with Bellatrix, Inc., he is also a former research physicist for the Energetic Material and Detonation Science Department of the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Maryland and with the Condensed Matter and Radiation Sciences Division...
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... Abstract Previous research has shown that individuals who are highly conservative are more likely to hold negative perceptions of African-Americans and other minorities. Furthermore, racial antipathy affects the way individuals perceive Barack Obama. In light of recent trends, this study tested whether individuals who identify themselves as Republicans are substantially more likely to maintain negative racial attitudes. The study also investigated whether white Americans are more likely than other racial groups to harbor racial prejudices and disapprove of Barack Obama. Results from this study indicated that racial resentment plays a significant role in contemporary politics. Data from between-subjects ANOVA and correlational analysis suggested that the Democratic Party and Republican Party are polarized in regards to racial issues. Moreover, conservative whites are the most likely racial group to hold racial prejudices against African-Americans. Finally, disapproval of President Obama is highly associated with high levels of negative racial stereotypes. Keywords: race, antipathy, conservatism, prejudices, Obama Is Racial Antipathy Increasing? The Polarizing Effect of Obama’s Presidency In 2008, Barack Obama became the first African-American to become President of the United States. His election marked a pivotal turning point in American politics. To millions, Obama’s election signaled the start of a post-racial America. The country was infused with euphoria...
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...Education reform has a major impact on teaching children of poverty. For decades, education reform has been a leading topic on the national political agenda. It is an epidemic issue which has led to various legislations to include: the Elementary and Secondary Act of 1965 (ESEA), No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) and the most recent, Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). Few Americans realize that the U.S. educational system is one of the most unequal in the industrial world, and students routinely receive dramatically different learning opportunities based in their social status (Jensen, 2010). If policymakers continue to ignore the correlation between poverty and education reform, many students will be left behind and unable to succeed in the...
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...A Research Paper on The United States’ Health Care Policy Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (PPACA) I. Delineation and overview of policy under analysis a.) What is the policy to be analyzed? The policy to be analyzed is the Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (PPACA) or colloquially referred to as Obamacare. The PPACA Bill was passed into law after Barack Obama signed it on March 23, 2010. However, it should be noted that specific provisions in the law is designed to be effective in staggered dates, that is, not all provisions in the law is effective the moment it was signed by Obama. Some provisions in the statute is designed to be effective beginning at the year 2020. b.) What is the nature of the problem being targeted by the policy? PPACA aims to improve the coverage of healthcare insurance. Thus, to achieve this, the policy targets people who do not have any health insurance. Unless exempted for the following reasons - religious beliefs, individuals who cannot afford the healthcare coverage, taxpayers whose income is below the income threshold, or any person deemed to belong from an Indian tribe- the statute requires individuals to avail a health care insurance plan or pay a penalty. II. Historical Analysis a.) What policies and programs were developed in the past to deal with the problem? Policies that were developed in the past to deal with the same problem of limited and reluctant healthcare coverage include the Medicare (1965)...
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...PLAGIARIZED FROM: http://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Healthcare-Reform/115333 Kyle LaBelle Participation in Government Healthcare Reform Research Paper My question is, how long is it going to take for the world’s most powerful country to create a sustainable healthcare system? We have spent too many years with small reforms, ; we need big changes, and we need them soon. Healthcare has a long and detailed history in the United States. Since the beginning of the 20th century, it has been a major source of political debate. Both federal and state governments have made efforts in trying to take steps toward a universal health care system. Early reform poured the foundation for today’s government healthcare programs. The United States witnessed social movements that demanded access to the American dream. People who were viewed as second-class citizens banded together and demanded reform on their behalves. The largest of these movements was a demand for universal healthcare. American’s greatest issue was sickness and missing work. When working individuals missed work due to “sickness” they lost their wages. The loss of income made sickness the leading cause of poverty. Reformists saw a need for national healthcare and the campaign began. Health insurance that would protect the worker against wage loss and expenses incurred from medical treatment. In 1906, the American Association of Labor Legislation (AALL) became active in the push for national health care. They...
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...The Cuban Adjustment Act of 1966 and the Incarceration and Disparate Treatment of Other Undocumented Persons Emillia Victoria Roque Florida International University INTRODUCTION From the beginning of is time, the United States has been a country built upon a strong foundation of leading ideals that has attracted immigrants from across the globe, which through their own hard work, trials, and triumphs, have been able to help shape America to what it has become. People are desperate to come to and become a permanent part of this country for the promise of freedom and opportunities that they may never experience in their countries of origin, such as proper health care, jobs, freedom of religion and more; opportunities that should be a right to all people. In 2008 about 11 million people were reported to be undocumented (Presten, 2012 ). While it is amazing to live in a country that can provide all these chances for people, there are several controversial issues that have arisen among the years due to the copious amounts of illegal immigrants in the residing in the country. One of the most talked about issues is that immigrants are able to readily use our resources such as health care, welfare and schools but are not legally able to pay the proper taxation for those services. In this country immigrants are often categorized as hinders to our country but they can be considered the backbone of the American society. It is more than a necessity that the American...
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... United States, and the government is under considerable pressures from outside terrorism threats and international relations, to severe recession and domestic economic concerns. Nevertheless, one must look critically at President Obama, and answer has he really given us “change we can believe in”? Biography & history The Democratic party went through a number of iterations before it became the current democratic party. The party began as the anti federalists under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Thomas Jefferson a former secretary of state under George Washington's administration who had resigned to protest the fiscal policies of Alexander Hamilton. These two rivals would become the basis of the first two political parties of the United States. Alexander Hamilton favored the constitution, the creation of a national bank and repayment of the revolutionary war debt with federal funds. Under this philosophy they would name themselves Federalists, for their leaders support of ratifying the constitution. Jefferson, Madison and their supporters opposed these policies, including ratification, and took the name the “AntiFederalists”. Later by the 1790s, the antifederalists began calling themselves "Republicans, or DemocraticRepublicans, terms that had become popular after the French Revolution in 1789" (Dye 208). The DemocraticRepublicans gained...
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...A Political Perspective on Leadership Emergence, Stability, and Change in Organizational Networks Author(s): John Bryson and George Kelley Source: The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 3, No. 4 (Oct., 1978), pp. 713-723 Published by: Academy of Management Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/257927 Accessed: 04-07-2015 06:28 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Academy of Management is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Academy of Management Review. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 204.107.115.37 on Sat, 04 Jul 2015 06:28:43 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions A Political Perspective on Leadership Emergence, Stability, and in Organizational Networks Change JOHN BRYSON University of Minnesota GEORGEKELLEY University of Wisconsin A political approach to leadership in organizational networks is presented. From a review primarilyof the political science and public administrationliteratures, a theoretical...
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...The Civil Rights Movement Sharon L. Jordan HUM410 Contemporary History Instructor: Lila Griffin-Brown October 16, 2011 African Americans’ efforts to stop the segregation of trains and streetcars, the organizations created to contest Jim Crow laws, and segregationists’ attempts to silence the protests all provide rich testimony to the spirit of agitation present even in this bleak time in American history (Kelley, 2010, p.5). The Civil Rights Movement was a struggle by African Americans in the mid-1950s to late 1960s to achieve civil rights equal to those of whites, including equal opportunity in employment, housing, and education, as well as the right to vote, the right of equal access to public facilities, and the right to be free of racial discrimination (Law, 2005). This movement sought to restore to African Americans the rights of citizenship guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. The words civil rights often raise images of Martin Luther King Jr. delivering his soul-stirring “I Have a Dream” speech before the nation’s capital. "The practical cost of change for the nation up to this point has been cheap," Martin Luther King Jr. conceded “(LITWACK, 2009). Martin Luther King Jr., and other leaders of the movement anticipated, the movement provoked gains not only for African Americans but also for women, persons with disabilities, and many others. Organized efforts by an African American, W.E.B. Du Bois, who exhorted blacks to fight for the rights was...
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...decision-making ability and day to day operations of an agency to be executed effectively in our environment. The reader becomes familiar with the historical and social aspects pertaining to the evolving field. Public administration does not have a definite age of existence but has been recognized as reliable tool used to perform public service in the United States for the past century. Following the overview of public administration, an example of a public agency is illustrated to further acquaint the reader to the practice of public administration and how it operates to service the public. Table of Contents I. Introduction – Brief Overview of Public Administration II. Body A. Woodrow Wilson B. Principles behind Public Administration C. Public Administration in the United States D. Luther Gulick and Functions in Management E. POSDCORB III. Community Action Agency- Brief Overview IV. Conclusion V. Bibliography Introduction Public administration is encompasses the management of public agencies, organizations, associations, nonprofit and social services as well as various programs. The field is applied to all levels of...
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