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Macbeth Analysis

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Submitted By lexusmyers
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Pages 4
Kayvon Jahanbaksh, Brandon Pisani, Lexus Myers, Monica Rom-Castro
Mrs. Bastelica
AP Language & Composition III- period 3
9 April 2014
How Does Shakespeare Reveal Character Motivation in the First Two Acts of Macbeth? Shakespeare reveals character motivation in the first two acts of Macbeth through his main characters Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. All elements of motivation lead up to the climax of the play: the murdering of King Duncan in Act II. What plants the seed of motivation for Macbeth (who later motivates his female counterpart, Lady MacBeth) is introduced first and foremost in Act I, scene i with the three weird sisters. The witches declare they will meet again when the “hurlyburly” (I.i.l.3), or storm, is done upon a “heath” (I.i.l.7), or open land covered in small shrubs, to meet with Macbeth. In Act I, scene iii, the three weird sisters meet with Macbeth as they predicted in scene i. “All hail Macbeth, that shalt be King hereafter!” (I.iii.l.50) cries the third witch, announcing the prophecy of Macbeth to Macbeth himself. This prophecy proposed is similar to the prophecy in the Harry Potter series that motivates the infamous antagonist, Lord Voldemort, to kill the protagonist Harry Potter in order to fulfill the prophecy that stated a boy was born (Harry) with the power to vanquish Lord Voldemort and his power. Like Macbeth, Voldemort had to eliminate (or attempt to) Harry so he could get what he wanted: to be an unstoppable evil force. Macbeth had to eliminate King Duncan to get what he wanted: to be king. The three weird sisters telling Macbeth that he is destined to be king is what plants the seed of motivation in Macbeth’s mind but what waters that seed is not yet revealed until Act I, scene iv when King Duncan, the current king, declares his son Malcolm to be heir to his throne. When Macbeth witnesses this, he says to himself, “The Prince of Cumberland! That is a step / On which I must fall down, or else o’erleap, / For in my way it lies” (I.iv.l.48-50). What this communicates is that hearing that Malcolm will take Macbeth’s destined spot is what motivates Macbeth to somehow find a way to take his rightful place as king. What motivates Macbeth’s lady counterpart, Lady Macbeth, is Macbeth himself.. perhaps not intentionally, either. In Act I, scene v, Lady Macbeth receives a letter from Macbeth telling her that “These Weird / Sisters saluted me, and referred me to the coming on of time, / with ‘Hail, King that shalt be!’” (I.v.l.6-8). This letter excites and motivates Lady Macbeth, although it is somewhat ambiguous if Macbeth was requesting the help of Lady Macbeth to follow the prophecy purposely because it seems as if he was just announcing exciting news to his lover. Regardless, she devises a plan to kill King Duncan so that Macbeth can take the throne. At first, Macbeth hesitates, as Lady Macbeth foresees when she states that Macbeth’s heart is “too full o’th’milk of human kindness” (I.v.l.l.14), which means Macbeth is too kind to be king and his aspiration to be king cannot be fulfilled if he isn’t ruthless in accomplishing the task. However, as is revealed in Act II, scene ii, Macbeth follows through with the murdering of King Duncan after being motivated/encouraged by Lady Macbeth who taunts him by saying “Was the hope drunk / Wherein you dressed yourself? Hath it slept since?” (I.vii.l.35-36) which translates to Lady Macbeth asking “Where is your hope now?”. Lady Macbeth also says, “Wouldst thou have that / Which thou esteem’st the ornament of life, / And live a coward in thine own esteem” (I.vii.l.41-43), calling Macbeth a coward. Lady Macbeth’s taunting pushes Macbeth to murder King Duncan in his sleep in Act II. In summary, Shakespeare reveals character motivation through the characters Lady Macbeth and Macbeth. Macbeth is not motivated by the prophecy that was introduced to him by the Three Weird Sisters, but by Malcolm, King Duncan’s son, being announced as the next heir to the throne when Macbeth believes he should be king. Macbeth motivates Lady Macbeth (perhaps inadvertently) through a letter divulging the prophecy; she then concocts a stratagem to murder King Duncan. Lady Macbeth ends up motivating Macbeth once again to go through with her plan so that Macbeth can fulfill the prophecy and become king in later acts to follow.

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