...Hurricane Katrina changed the way United States viewed floodplain management and flood risk management. The Great Mississippi River Flood of 1993 produced the highest economic damages of the century, killing over 130 people, costing over $20 billion dollars in flood damages. Hurricane Katrina caused over a million people to lose homes, jobs, and took over 1300 lives. It has been estimated the restoration of the communities and some level of flood protections will exceed over $100 billion dollars when it’s all done. Before the twin towers were hit on September 11, 2001, it seem like the United States was headed in the right directions with floodplain and risked management. Due to the terrorist attacks on that day, change the way America took their approach on homeland security. All the focus and money shifted to US Department of Defense, and the natural hazard management was kind of put on the back burner and basically forgot about until Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans, Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Hurricane Katrina changed the game for how America planned for flooding and risk management. When Hurricane Katrina hit, it was a slap in the face on the response to flooding that took place in New Orleans. Up to this point there was not a single inventory of levees and flood damage structures in United States. America became a reactive force instead of an active force. The Secretary of Defense got involved and requested the US National Academics to establish...
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...More than 80 people and their pets had to be rescued by boat from their flooded homes after more than seven inches of rain fell Saturday and Sunday in Louisville, Kentucky. The National Weather Service declared a flash flood emergency for Louisville early Sunday due to back-to-back thunderstorms that began Saturday.. First floor apartments were flooded and vehicles were swallowed by high waters after 5.91 inches fell in Louisville on Saturday alone, according to the Weather Channel. Flooding closed at least 45 roads. Authorities say more than 80 people were rescued or evacuated thanks to seven-inches of rainfall that fell in 36 hours. NBC's Kerry Sanders reports. "I was lying there sleeping, kids woke me up, looked out, I couldn't believe it," evacuee Vickie Dedrick told NBC affiliate WAVE in Louisville. "Just a little bit of water on the road, next thing you know it looks like a tidal wave come through; looks like all cars washed off," added evacuee Mark Elliott. No injuries were reported, but at least 45 roads were closed and many homes and cars were damaged, according to the Courier-Journal. According to the National Weather Service, a record 5.91 inches of rain fell on Saturday, breaking the day's old record of 3.07 inches of rain set on October 5, 1910, WAVE reported. The deluge also already breaks the local all-time record for rainfall the month of October: The previous record was 5.07 inches set in 2004. The National Weather Service reports...
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...earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding, or tornadoes, alternatively, disasters can be defined according to the extent of their impacts. Catastrophic disasters classify hazards in terms of their effect on human life over a large spatial scale. Events like massive volcanic eruptions, continental-wide droughts or huge tsunamis. Conversely, other disasters may not have huge impacts on people, but may change the face of a landscape permanently - avalanches or landslides may occur in uninhabited areas, where the only physical result is a sudden change in the physical environment Natural disaster can destroyed houses, trees, building, vehicles and peoples life. .. Natural disasters come in many forms such as earthquakes, tornados, floods, blizzards, fires, and volcanic eruptions, Floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes can be devastating. Even more devastating are the consequences of not being fully prepared. Below are some of the general suggestions for disaster preparedness. Every type of disaster is not subjected to one specific area. This...
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... For days after the flood water subsided the area was still under threat of flooding because of the substandard drainage system and outdated levy system. This incident forced many El Pasoans to evaluate the possibility of the future flooding an estimate the cost of purchasing the flood insurance. According to the study performed by the National Weather Service Forecast Office Deep convection, which produces excessive rainfall and flash flooding, poses a threat to lives and property over south-central and southwestern New Mexico and far western Texas, primarily during the summer monsoon season. Forecasting these phenomena are difficult across this region due to the irregular terrain, the sparse data and the relatively poor performance of numerical models in the prediction of heavy rain across the southwestern United States (Rogash, 2003). Therefore, we can safely assume the2006 flooding in El Paso area was a combination of independent variables such as topography and existing drainage system and independent variables such as weather patterns and rainfall. Some such as city representative Eddie Holguin called it a 500-year abnormality and assumed “we still have 490 more years to deal with this”( El Paso times, 2008) on the contrary to the National Weather Service, which assessed the probability of every 100 years. Considering the fact the probability of 500 year flood will not affect the current population I wanted to explore possibility of another flood happening within the...
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...potentially aggravate hurricane. Building dam for the purpose of generate power and regulate river water storage is benefit for city’s resident life and economy, but when the dam situated in upstream, which intercept sediment and silt flow to downstream, with sediment reduce, near shore area lack of barrier to protect and thus sea water comes in. Tragedy has become reality already, when hurricane done, it’s the time to us self-examination and take some emergency preparedness. Recovery wetland and nature barrier is essential, mangrove forest is a good example to defend surge. When the hurricane happened, most of time is people not prepared for it, over panic and overwhelming that cause unnecessary casualty. From this point, it should be build a flood protection system and provide timely weather forecast. Hurricane Katrina is not just the only...
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...Casual loop diagram 1 Causal loop diagram one demonstrates the cause and impact of flooding. Primary factor behind the caue of flood is considered to be climate change. In recent years due to environmental pollution, ozole layer depletion and increasing dependency on energy have resulted in unusual pattern of weather. Climate change is one of the main reason behind water based natural disaster. Climate change causes unusual pattern of weather behaviour such as heavy rain, storm surge, continuous rain for long time and thunderstorms of long time. Heavy rain increases the level of water in river. Koshi river is connected to many small rivers. high intensity and pressure of water eventually resulted in dam failure, that caused massive flood in different parts of Nepal and India. Reinforcement loops R2,R3 and R4 eplains the cause of flood. Flood caused various environmental pollutions that result in both long term and short term effects. During the course of flow water is mixed with various hazards causing severe pollution which results in diseases such as diareaha , cholera and various water prone diseases. This is shown in loop R5. The situation in koshi got even worst due minimum medical resource available. The region impacted by koshi river was mostly agricultural region. The impact was so severe that it destroyed production in about 9000 hector of fertile agricultural land. Deposition of sand and harmful substances resulted in long term destruction...
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...Rosemarie Miller EDU-210 Foundations of Education March 23, 2014 Woody Mason Hanging out at the Circus For my observation I went to a circus that the Middle and High Scholars hosted to kick off their spring play Barnum. I would have to say it was a mini circus. They had plenty of cotton candy, candy apples as well as popcorn for the young boys and girls. There were bouncing houses and fun mirrors and lots of clowns walking around. A few of the things I got to see was a breaded woman, tallest man, and smallest woman. Below are a few other observations I had while at the Circus. Upon walking around there were several clicks that consisted of boys and girls, just girls and all boys. Each group had their own communication styles. The groups with just boys or girls had good eye contact however the coed groups had very little eye to eye contact. Each group had lots of hand movements and head motions. Several of the kids were chatting on their phones and most of the girls were constantly texting the whole time. The boys did not have many facial expressions but the girls smiled and laughed a lot while constantly putting their fingers through their hair. A few social behaviors and attitudes displayed would have been when majority of the kids spoke at once continuously interrupting each other. In the group with all girls they displayed some snobbish behavior by ignoring a younger girl that tried to join in. Most of the junior high girls were sharing fries and drinks...
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...computer software and hardware. I am fluent in English and Turkish as foreign languages. ACHIEVEMENTS • • 6th Rank in State in the 1st Nationwide Interactive Math’s Olympiad in 8th Standard. Won the TGI Environmental Friendly Technology Award by Texas Gulf Institute in International Sustainable World (Energy, Engineering, and Environment) Project Olympiad 2008. 7th Rank in U-19 Delhi Chess Championship. RESEARCH PROJECTS Worked as a Project Assistant in the following projects: 1. Preparing a Draft Manual and Specifications for Flood Studies and Developing a National System for Flood Risk Maps to Store in an Online Database, and to Share through a Web Portal. This project aims • Conducting a preliminary study of a manual of the procedures and set standards compatible with the international procedures and standards for flood modeling and digital flood risk mapping studies and, Designing a prototype system where the digital flood risk maps are stored in an online database and shared with the interested parties through an...
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...MINISTRY OF WATER AND IRRIGATION Flood Mitigation Strategy June 2009 Flood Mitigation Strategy TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLESLIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................ iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................iv 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Strategy for Integrated Flood Management .............................................................. 3 2.0 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS .................................................................................... 5 2.1 Institutional Arrangements....................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Organizational Structure of the Ministry of Water and Irrigation .....................5 2.1.2 Flood Related Legislative Arrangement ............................................................ 5 2.1.3 Disaster Management......................................................................................6 2.2 History of floods in Kenya ....................................................................................... 6 ...
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...Decoding Hammurabi’s Code Is Hammurabi’s code just? Some people would say yes, others might say no. For anyone who doesn’t know what Hammurabi’s code is, it is a set of laws given around 1740 BC. and was most likely more of a scare tactic rather than an actual punishment. These laws would remain in place during this time period because the laws covered the accused, victim, and society. Any person accused of some type of crime was given trial. Law 3 states: if any one bring an accusation against a man, and the accused go the river and leap into the river, if he sink in the river his accuser shall take possession of his house. But if the river prove that the accused is not guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river shall take possession of the house that had belonged to his accuser. Law 5 says that if any one steal cattle or sheep, or an ass, or a pig or a goat, if it belonged to a god or to the court, the thief shall pay thirtyfold therefore; if they belonged to a freed man of the king he shall pay tenfold; if the thief has nothing with which to pay he shall be put to death. Law 104 states: if a woman quarrel with her husband, and say: “You are not congenial to me,” the reasons for her prejudice must be presented. If she is guiltless, and there is no fault on her part, but he leaves and neglects her, then no guilt attaches to this woman, she shall take down her dowry and go back to her father’s...
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...tidal gauges, and a unique Twitter account has been created for each of them. Twice per day, each gauge tweets its current status. For example, Teddington Lock now has its own Twitter account:twitter.com/riverlevel_1182. * "This is the first time that an instant and holistic view of all 2,400 Environment Agency river level gauges has been made possible," said Rod Plummer, MD at Shoothill. "We have created a system for anyone who needs to know the current status of any river in England and Wales and by working to create thousands of twitter accounts, we have allowed that river to "tweet" its status to everyone." * Shoothill previously worked closely with the Environment Agency to create FloodAlerts (www.shoothill.com/flood) which is the primary live flood map used by the Environment Agency and the Media. GaugeMap builds on the success of FloodAlerts and offers vital river information even when there is no direct risk of flooding. * "It's great to see innovative applications such as GaugeMap being developed using the data we provide," said Dr Paul Leinster, Chief Exec of the Environment Agency. "This is exactly the kind of exciting use of our live data we hoped to see when we...
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...Using a case- study, assess the causes and consequences of coastal flooding. 15 marks Coastal floods occur primarily due to physical causes. A depression can produce low pressure conditions which pull water particles up, giving to a rise in sea level. Similarly strong winds can occur due to change in meteorological conditions which can also rise the sea level. At this point the sea level is much higher than a normal spring tide, and this is called a storm surge. However many human causes, particularly the lack of preparation and costal defences, can lead to lead to any storm surge having a much larger impact on local communities near the coastline. The North Sea storm surge occurred in 1953 and had a huge impact on many communities in places including Britain and the Netherlands. In the Netherlands 1,835 people were killed and 47,000 buildings damaged. While in Britain 307 people died but over 30,000 people had to be evacuated from their homes. This initial storm surge was inevitable. A deep Atlantic depression moved across Scotland, meaning the central pressure had dropped to 970 mb by the coast of Denmark. This reduction is pressure is responsible for the rise in the surface of the sea level by 0.5m. Strong winds also drove the waves ahead of the storm. This was combined with high spring tides when the Sun and Earth and Moon are all in line. So the result was 6m waves approaching both Britain and the Netherlands. Additionally Canvey (one of the areas most affected in Britain)...
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...f~wgKv বাংলাদেশ একটি উন্নয়নশীল দেশ এবং জনসংখ্যার প্রায় অর্ধেক নারী। যখন নারী অর্থনৈতিক ও সামাজিকভাবে ক্ষমতাপ্রাপ্ত, তারা হয়ে পরিবর্তনের জন্য একটি শক্তিশালী হাতিয়ার। গ্রামাঞ্চলে বিশ্বের উন্নয়নশীল, নারী খেলতে চলমান একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পরিবারের এবং প্রধান করা কৃষি অবদান উৎপাদন. শিক্ষা দীক্ষা জ্ঞান গরীমায় আজ নারী সমাজ পুরুষের পাশাপাশী সমান যোগ্যতায় অগ্রসর হয়ে চলছে। সেদিনের সেই অভিশপ্ত নারী ধর্মের গন্ডি পেরিয়ে আজ নিজেকে সুপ্রতিষ্টিত করতে চায় তার দায়িত্ব ও কর্তব্য বজায় রেখে। যুগ পরিবর্তনের প্রেক্ষিতে বর্তমান জাতীয় জীবনের উন্নতি সাধনের সকল কর্মক্ষেত্রে নারী সমাজ ভূমিকা পালন করে যাচ্ছে। তাদের ভূমিকার ক্ষেত্র ও দিন দিন প্রসারিত হচ্ছে। সাম্প্রতিককালে বাংলাদেশের অর্থনীতিতে যতোগুলো চ্যালেঞ্জ এসেছে তার মধ্যে সর্বাগ্রে রয়েছে সরকারিভাবে স্বীকৃত এ দেশের মোট জনসংখ্যার অর্ধেক নারী সম্প্রদায়ভুক্ত যাদেরকে অর্থনৈতিক কর্মকাণ্ডের সঙ্গে সম্পৃক্ত করা। অর্থাৎ বৃহৎ পরিসরে নারীদের অবস্থানকে সুদৃঢ় করে একটি সমৃদ্ধ দেশ গঠনের সুযোগ। বিগত দিনগুলোতে দেশী-বিদেশী গবেষকদের মধ্যে ব্যাপক উৎসাহের দ্বার উন্মোচন করেছে বিশেষত সামাজিক ও নৃবিজ্ঞানীদের কাছে। তাদের মতে নারী কতোগুলো আদর্শ গুণে গুণান্বিতা যার ফলে সে কখনো হয়ে ওঠে মা কখনো বা মমতাময়ী ভগিনী আবার আনন্দময়ী নন্দিনী ও সুখ-দুঃখের হতভাগিনী সহধর্মিণী। এই যে বহুরূপে নারীর বিচরণ তাকে যদি প্রাতিষ্ঠানিক কাঠামোতে প্রতিস্থাপন করা যায় তাহলে উন্নয়ন যে অসম্ভব নয় তা এরই মধ্যে প্রমাণিত হয়েছে। লক্ষ্য ও উদ্দেশ্য: ১. সমাজের উন্নয়নে নারীর ভূমিকা সম্পর্কে গুরুত্ব বুঝা ২. নারীর অবস্থান সম্পর্কে জানা ৩. নারী কর্মক্ষেত্রে মুখোমুখি অন্তরায় সম্পর্কে জানা ...
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...Living in an area where there are extreme climatic conditions can not only be hazardous for your home but also your family. In such a scenario Replacement Windows can be life saviours. Whether it’s extreme heat or cold or for that matter a hurricane, it’s the windows which help you protect your home first. Worst would be the hurricane as it carries debris that is hurled at high speeds hitting your ordinary windows hard. So in order to avoid the extreme consequences, you would require the Best Replacement Windows that could withstand these natural forces. There are also Special Replacement Windows like hurricane impact replacement windows which are made using a hurricane impact tester. Not just hurricane but these windows can also survive tornedoes, hence keeping you and your family safe at home. Hurricane impact replacement windows are much different from other ordinary windows in a way that even if they break, the break won't create a hole. No window for that matter will come with a guarantee that they won’t break at all. But in order to protect your family and yourself it is always suitable to go for windows that will keep the wind from entering your home. The plastic interlayer is the layer which keeps the glass together of these windows. Hurricane impact replacement windows will keep the glass in one piece keeping the flying debris to reach your roof. No matter which kind of area you live in, these replacement windows provide you with an excellent fortification. For that matter...
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...The year is 1865, the Civil War is coming to an end and us cowboys were being needed. We were needed since many young men were away at war and the cattle ranches were in need of care, many of which had fallen apart and cattle were roaming freely, unbranded, and unclaimed. Hired to find cattle and brand them, we then had to walk the cattle mainly north towards Kansas. The time it took for us to get from Texas to Kansas could be months at a time, even then if we were lucky we were able to have a break for a short amount of time and then we were back on our journey (Doc A). Sadly, at the end of the journey there was no open field, yet a packing house in which the cattle would be slaughtered (Background Essay). In the end, the long drive is not worth it because of many factors, such as, the rivers, the lack of food and sleep, and the bad pay. The first reason why I would not re-up is because of the rivers. While trying to round up the cattle we struggled since there was a large variety of land to cover with such a sizable herd of cattle; considering there were around 2,000 cattle to every 10 men (Doc B). The struggle was even worse when the herd approached bodies of water. Cattle would drown and float down stream while trying to get a sliver of water to salvage their thirst (Doc E). Things got even worse when storms aroused causing flooding within the rivers, at times they were seven feet other times fifteen. The rivers were stronger and the ability to move was harder. While crossing...
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