...significance of management MEANING Management is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources. -Wikipedia According to Harold Koontz, "Management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organised groups." Harold Koontz gave this definition of management in his book "The Management Theory Jungle". Management involves the activities to control and monitor the people in an organization to achieve the desired goals of the organization. The roles of management include planning, organizing, staffing, directing and monitoring the employees. A manager directs the people to perform the tasks which ultimately result in gaining the goals of the company. Management also deals with the allocation, planning, and manipulation of the resources available to the organization. In the recent years the concept of management has changed because of the decentralization in the organizations. Today, management facilitate the activities of the workers instead of controlling them. There is no universally accepted definition for management, therefore...
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...scope of management Management has different definitions, from different theorists. There are various ways of describing management, so in this assignment the different definitions of management would be discussed and we would also see how most of the definitions are similar, along with their functions. We should consider management look at why management is very relevant. We should see how the various views of these management theorists are similar and also if they contrast. Management, as defined, “is the activity of getting things done with the aid of people and other resources efficiently and effectively, it is a feature of most human circumstances; domestic, social and political, as well as in formally established organisations”(David Boddy, 2008, ps.10). We human beings perform different activities everyday such as; eating, drinking, playing and they are related to management etc. According to Mary Parket Follet, “Management is the act of getting things done through people. So management is an activity because a manager accomplishes his task or objective with the help of others and also directs these people in order to obtain his objective, so management achieves its objectives through people, so management is quite useful to people. In management there are various activities that are carried out. These include informational activities, decisional activities and inter-personal activities and all these activities are to be done by a manager. Management endeavours...
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...Organisation and Management from different Authors or Management Gurus-5 pages The definition of management is not static due to usage and practices by those in managerial positions. Thus the meaning can change This means that it is good if we can keep abreast of new development in this area. It is enough if you have an adequate understanding of the definition of management. The better approach is to know "the how to" and whether the way you manage things effectively accomplish the targets of the tasks at hand. And thus helping, at the end of the day, to achieve the overall objectives of your organization. It is very difficult to give a precise definition of the term 'management'. Different scholars from different disciplines view and interpret management from their own angles. The economists consider management as a resource like land, labour, capital and organisation. The bureaucrats look upon it as a system of authority to achieve business goals. The sociologists consider managers as a part of the class elite in the society. Mary Parker Follett Management is also defined as "to get things done through others." She defined management as "the art of getting things done through people." This is a fine definition if there are "others" to help. You are more in the position of being "in charge", "handling" the task at hand, and "directing" yourself in the process. You "managed" to accomplish the task not "through others". So the definition of management in this context...
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...organizations, teams, and leadership. You’ve been through schools, in clubs, participated in social or religious groups, competed in sports or games, or taken on full- or part-time jobs. Some of your experience was probably pretty positive, but you were also likely wondering sometimes, “Isn’t there a better way to do this?” After participating in this course, we hope that you find the answer to be “Yes!” While management is both art and science, with our help you can identify and develop the skills essential to better managing your and others’ behaviors where organizations are concerned. Before getting ahead of ourselves, just what is management, let alone principles of management? A manager’s primary challenge is to solve problems creatively, and you should view management1 as “the art of getting things done through the efforts of other people.”We draw this definition from a biography of Mary Parker Follett (1868–1933) written by P. Graham, Mary Parker Follett: Prophet of Management (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1995). Follett was an American social worker, consultant, and author of books on democracy, human relations, and management. She worked as a management and political theorist, introducing such phrases as “conflict resolution,” “authority and power,” and “the task of leadership.” The principles of management2, then, are the means by which you actually manage, that is, get things done through others—individually, in groups, or in organizations...
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...What is Management? Definitions According to Harold Koontz, "Management is the art of getting things done through and with people in formally organised groups." Harold Koontz gave this definition of management in his book "The Management Theory Jungle". According to Henri Fayol, "To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organise, to command, to co-ordinate and to control." Henri Fayol gave this definition of management in his book "Industrial and General Administration". Image Credits © Michael Heiss. According to Peter Drucker, "Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages business and manages managers and manages workers and work." This definition of management was given by Peter Drucker in his book "The Principles of Management". According to Mary Parker Follet, "Management is the art of getting things done through people." Meaning of Management According to Theo Heimann, management has three different meanings, viz., 1. Management as a Noun : refers to a Group of Managers. 2. Management as a Process : refers to the Functions of Management i.e. Planning, Organising, Directing, Controlling, etc. 3. Management as a Discipline : refers to the Subject of Management. Management is an individual or a group of individuals that accept responsibilities to run an organisation. They Plan, Organise, Direct and Control all the essential activities of the organisation. Management does not do the work themselves. They motivate others to do the work and...
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...Introduction Management has been defined as a process of getting things done with the aim of achieving goals effectively and efficiently. Efficiency and effectiveness were originally industrial engineering concepts that came of age in the early twentieth century. Efficiency refers to doing things in a right manner. Effectiveness, on the other hand, refers to doing the right things. Management has been defined as a process of getting things done with the aim of achieving goals effectively and efficiently. Literature Review “Efficiency is doing things right; effectiveness is doing the right things.” (Peter F. Drucker, 2006) “It is knowing exactly what you want to men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way.” (F.W.Taylor) “A principle of work allocation and specialization in order to concentrate activities to enable specialization of skills and understandings, more work focus and efficiency to do the right job.” (Henri Fayol) The terms effectiveness and efficiency have a lot to do with a business entity. Every business stands to attain its goals and objectives while particularly stressing on its ability of maintaining its survival and profitability throughout. In doing so, the effectiveness and efficiency counts immensely. On the one hand, on the basis of these two terms a business goes to heighten its level immensely, on the other hand it bears losses in the absence of the results being associated with effectiveness and efficiency. It is, thus, essential...
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...Explain at least 2 purposes of performance management and its relationship to business objectives. Performance management is a repetitive process, established by organisations to help them in accomplishing their objectives (goals, as listed in the organisation’s vision) by maximizing the performance of an individual, team or whole organisation and ensure that the objectives are achieved. 1. The Performance Management Process is a key component of organisation’s overall approach to the management of its people. As part of the performance management system, Performance Management Process aims to achieve the following: • To enable an individual employee to know exactly what is expected both in terms of outputs (the delivery of agreed objectives) and the relevant, appropriate behavioural style (role-related competency models), which will underpin the delivery of the agreed objectives. • To enable individual and team effort to be focused on the delivery of the departmental business plan. • To enable an individual to identify and meet personal development needs which will facilitate the delivery of agreed objectives. • To enable individual employees to feel motivated and valued for their contribution to the on-going success of organisation. • To enable individuals to identify and achieve realistic career goals over time. • To enable the organisation to reward individuals fairly based on an objective assessment of their contribution. • To enable the organisation to audit...
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...according to that specific profession. Leadership is the art of an individual’s personality who is naturally capable of inspiring and motivating, preparing a group or team of people to act towards increasing company’s or an institution’s bottom lines. Effective leadership is based upon vision and ideas defined through a company or an institution’s mission statement. These visions and ideas won’t take place unless leadership conveys and communicates the messages clearly to its current and perspective employees. Those individuals who will be honored to acquire leadership status will have the opportunity and challenge to exercise three of their primary leadership skills available at their disposal. These primary leadership skills involve communicating and conveying project messages, inspiring and motivating and finally supervise employees to achieve a set of goals and objectives. Leadership is a winning combination of an individual’s personal traits and their ability to think and act as a group or team leader who will guide and direct activities of others for the achievement of the organization as a whole. Leadership is essentially related to an individual’s skills, abilities and degree of influence upon others. Leading is the result of utilizing one’s role and leadership ability to influence others in some way or another. True leaders are not “bosses” or “Gestapo’s”. Instead of power true leadership comes from influence, cooperation and integrity. Successful leaders...
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...suggested that: “Management is the process of getting things done effectively and efficiently, with and through other people”. “Today those management functions have been condensed to four: planning, organizing, leading and controlling.” (Robbins, S. et al 2015, p31). Knowing these four elements can be very useful for all levels of managers to reach their goals. 2. Planning The manager sets goals for the group, and decides what work needs to be done to meet those goals (Drucker, P., cited in The Wall Street Journal n.d.). According to Koontz, H. and O’Donnell, C. (cited in Steiner, 2010, p 346); “Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do it and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap from where we are to where we want go”. Besides, Lipman, P. (2013) wrote: “The best managers keep the big picture in mind. They have a sound strategic mindset”. “They know their company’s business well, and ensure that the activities of their unit or department or division are always firmly aligned with broader initiatives and strategies”(ibid) . Therefore, planning is often called the primary managent function because it establishes the basis for all the other things managers do as they organize, lead and control (Robbins,S. et al 2015, p145). 3. Organizing Organizing is the function of management that creates the organizations’ structure (Robbins. et al 2015). The manager divides the work into manageable activities, and selects people to accomplish...
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...Management and Leadership [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Management and Leadership Introduction Management is a way of getting things done with the help of people to achieve a certain goal or target by utilizing all the available resources proficiently. Management has four major functions include planning organizing leading controlling. Bateman, (T. S, Snell, S. (2004).Every function has its own importance. All functions are used in organization to achieve a certain level of target. By using and managing financial, human and technological resources efficiently organization can achieve desired level of output. Leadership is a process of getting things done through people. By influencing them to achieve desired criteria. Leadership is defining a target and direction for organizational members and motivating them to achieve those targets by following the defined direction. Leadership means that person is taking responsibility to make things better and achieve a goal with the help of team work.( www.trainingbuz.com) Discussion Planning: This function of management deals with the decision making process about the goals and targets which are set by the organization need to achieve and it elaborate the strategy of organization by designing the actions for achieving the desired goals. Planning also helps in designing the future paths of organization. It helps in the anticipation of future. Organizing This management function deals...
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...Differences between management and leadership The role of managers and leaders in change Impact of leadership on change outcomes 3. Critically analyse the influence a leader can have on the outcome of proposed organisational change with reference to the differences between leadership and management. A. The difference between the leadership and management: 1. Management is concerned with maintaining the current organisation (doing things right)-contractual exchanges and compliance. 2. Leadership is concerned with change (doing the right things) – inspirational exchanges and empowerment ( Bennis and Manus, 1985; Covey, 1996; Hayes,2010) 3. Managers and leaders attend to similar functions - but do so in very different ways. 4. However, managerial work in times of change is increasingly a leadership task (Hayes, 2010) 5. Deciding what needs to be done: Managers: Set goals, establish detailed steps; Identify and allocate resources in order to achieve these objectives. Leaders: Create vision, set a vision Develop the necessary strategies to get there 6. Developing the talent (才能)to do it: Managers: Focus on aligning(调整)resources-organising and staffing Leaders: Focus on aligning people, communicate the new direction and creating coalition to get there. 7. Ensuring that is done: Managers: Ensuring people accomplish plans through control and problem-solving. Leaders: Ensuring people accomplish change plans through motivation and inspiration...
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...Successful management requires more than just assigning tasks to the team. It calls for a leader who can inspire team members to achieve their full potential and company goals. People want to be guided by a person they respect and has a clear sense of direction. To be that person, there are certain things that you must BE, KNOW and DO. And that’s what developing leadership skills is all about. Leadership-Today can follow improve on the managers leadership skills by following these steps to maintain effective leadership:- 1. Leaders challenge the process – They search for opportunities to change the status quo. They look for innovative ways to improve the organization. They experiment and take risks. Since risk taking involves mistakes and failure, leaders accept the inevitable disappointments as learning opportunities. 2. Leaders inspire a shared vision – The passionately believe that they can make a difference. They envision the future, creating an ideal and unique image of what the community, agency or organization can become. Through their strong appeal and quiet persuasion, leaders enlist others in the dream. They breathe life into the shared vision and get people to see the exciting future possibilities. 3. Leaders enable others to act – The foster collaboration and build spirited teams. They actively involve others. Leaders understand that mutual respect is what sustains extraordinary efforts; they strive to create an atmosphere of trust and human dignity. They...
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...Understanding the Process of Change is a Key to Successfully Transformed Organization Japeth Jacob Massey school of Engineering 26 April 2010 Abstract Process of change is the key. Change can be brought about only and if we understand the process of change. This paper presents the major obstacle to change and the major failure leader often overlook. Change takes time and cost money. The objective of the paper is to discuss the failure of ineffective transformation and clarifying the process for change to save guide leaders to successfully implement effective transformation. Keywords: Five Ps, Resistance, Vision, Strategy, tactics and People INTRODUCTION Today change is universal. Change is essential in both public and private sector organization to be competitive in today’s turbulent environment. Often leaders failed to successfully transform their organizations in achieving their business goals. In fact, most of the leaders fails to understand the type of resistance involve, therefore ending up wasting a lot time in inappropriate measure of trying to solve the problem. Further more we often miss some of the significant part of the transformation process in which our change efforts turns to be not that effective as we expect to. In order to successfully bring transformation we need to sail out to all the three islands of change 1. RESISTANCE TO CHANGE Change is dealing more with the behaviors. As often when trying to get people out of their comfort zones it’s...
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...Introduction There is an old controversy going on which is “Is management an art or a science?”. Management is everywhere. It can be found in offices , schools, banks, Hospitals etc. Whether it be a profit or non-profit organization, it is required for the smooth transition of the business. There is no agreed definition for the term management but according to Harold Koontz, Management is defined as “the art of getting things done through others and with formally organized groups” (Koontz, 1954)..To be effective in management, A manager should have should have undergone necessary training and Should possess some individual skills. This essay seeks to explore the question ‘Is management an art or a science? This essay will analyze whether management from the perspective of an art and a science. .Management as an art Ayn Rand (1905-1982) defines art as “a selective re-creation of reality according to an artist’s metaphysical value-judgments. If those who believe that management were an art, they are those people who believe that there is no specific way to learn management and it just takes two things i.e. personality and ability to learn and understand management. Additionaly these people would also believe that people can’t be taught to be effective managers, throughout the years they become better through experience and training. But For Schein, (2001) People’s attention towards the environment becomes more clear ,provoke them to question long-held beliefs, encourage developing...
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...HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 1. INTRODUCTION Human resource Management is, perhaps, the oldest and most widely researched subject in management. Yet, as technologies change, cultural diversities occur and people’s expectations undergo fundamental shifts towards newer and newer dimensions. For instance, professionals are gaining more say in the running of organizations. Even where governance is by people who own the majority stakes, their own positions and the respect they command are contingent upon their competence rather than ownership. (Ahuja, 2005 880) “ Management is the art of getting things done through other people. Management is the dynamic, life-giving element in every business. Without it the resources of production remain resources and never become production.” (Sharma, 2004 11) This definition emphasizes that the managers achieve organizational objectives getting things done through the employees. Human resource Management is very essential for successful running of an enterprise. It ensures proper use of physical and human resources by deriving the best results. It leads to efficient performance and higher productivity. Human Resource Management is very essential for every organization to make productive use of human physical and financial resources or the achievement of the organizational goals. It helps in determination of objectives. No organization can succeed in tits mission...
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