...Accounting Information Systems (AIS). The objective of modeling AIS is multifaceted and can be to: visualize, understand, summarize, detail, analyze, design, develop, implement, operate, secure, control, or audit the AIS. UML is a powerful modeling language and technique for all of these modeling tasks and is more robust and semantically superior to the commonly used Structured Analysis (SA) modeling tools of flowcharts (FC), data flow diagrams (DFD), and entity-relationship diagrams (ERD). Dr. White suggests that using UML diagrams as a tool to document AIS is a viable alternative to the Structured Analysis’s diagrams of FC, DFD, and ERD. What follows in Section II is a brief comparison of the two alternative approaches to systems documentation: Structured Analysis (SA) and Object Orientation (OO). Section III presents the definition and description of the major structural and behavioral elements used in UML including classifiers, instances, relationships, collaborations, activities, interactions, and states. Section IV discusses the organization and presentation of UML documentation of AIS as a collection of diagrams and packages. Section V contains various UML diagrams of the business revenue cycle (system) as examples of how to use UML to document a business system. Section VI contains examples of UML models of two special systems of great importance to accountants: the General Ledger system with an AJE component, and the AIS Internal Control system. Appendix 1 contains...
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...Summary Global Marketing A market-responsive approach Svend Hollensen Second Edition 2001 ISBN 0-273-64644-3 -1- PART 1 Chapter 1 THE DECISION WHETHER TO INTERNATIONALIZE Global marketing in the firm SME: small medium sized enterprises LSE: large scale enterprises Companies wit little international experience and a weak position in their home market have little reason to try to perform on global markets. Instead they should try to establish a stronger position on their home market. A firm that finds itself as a dwarf on the global market may seek ways to increase their net worth by seeking partners, suited for a buy-out on longterm. If a firm already has international competences, it can overcome some of it’s competitive disadvantages by going into alliances with companies representing complementary competences. If you are ready for global marketing or not is bases on two things: 1. The industry of your business (how global is / can it be) 2. The preparedness for internationalisation 1 can be divided into mature; adolescent; immature 2 can be divided in local; potentially global; global Given the character of a company in both segments, one of the nine possible strategies can be chosen. You can find these in figure 1.1 on page 4 of Global Marketing. Difference between management styles of LSE and SME: Many LSE have begun downsizing their companies operations, so in reality, many LSE act like a lot of small differ operations. It can be...
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...implementation of Lean could bring value to the organization processes and contribute for achieving an operational excellence. Different organizational factors which have importance in the implementation process, are thoroughly examined. Key success factors that enhance the implementation process are identified - human resource practices, management style, organizational strategic vision, organizational culture, external partnerships. The research outlines the challenges that companies experience when they change their business model towards implementing a new to the company management system – Lean concept. For better understanding of the term the paper suggests definitions from the authors acknowledged in the field. Part of the research considers some critical points that impede the implementation of Lean. The conclusions are drawn upon considering lean as a complete business system, which change the way organization thinks in striving for a competitive advantage. Keywords: lean implementation, lean enterprise, Lean, challenges, process improvement 3 Table of Contents: Introduction ....................................................................................................... 4 Methodology ..................................................................................................... 6 Literature review: .............................................................................................. 8 Part I. Conceptual framework for study...
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