...It is said that Manet was one of the most controversial painters of his time and occupied a very privileged place in Impressionist art, he was a painter of modern life. Manet's paintings represented a modernist style, and depicted them as they were, unobtrusively. Manet was able to combine in an original way what he learned from the great painters of his time. This was one of the reasons that his works provoked rejection and criticism. I agree with Manet, I believe that an artist must have free expression in order to transmit their talents, abilities, creativity, and imagination to produce their masterpiece. I imagine that the true basis of modern art is the freedom of expression of the artist before any subject, without having to choose between...
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...Symmetric Encryption in MANET Amol Bhosle1, Yogadhar Pandey2 Department of Computer science & Engineering,SIRT Bhopal Abstract-- Mobile ad-hoc network is wireless network composed of different nodes communicate with each other without having to establish infrastructure. The security of such network is a major concern. To improve the security of such network, technique proposed here is securing routing protocol AODV through the use of Symmetric Encryption algorithm AES. This secures the data as well as preserves the confidentiality. Further future work to be carried as of node authentication using IP address and using the AODV routing protocol and digital signature scheme. Keywords-- Mobile ad-hoc, symmetric encryption algorithm, confidentiality, AODV, Digital signature, IP address The nodes involved in a MANET should collaborate amongst themselves and each node acts as a relay as needed, to implement functions e.g. security and routing. C] Multihop Routing: Basic types of ad hoc routing algorithms can be singlehop and multihop, based on different link layer attributes and routing protocols. Single-hop MANET is simpler than multihop in terms of structure and implementation, with the cost of lesser functionality and applicability. When delivering data packets from a source to its destination out of the direct wireless transmission range, the packets should be forwarded via one or more intermediate nodes D] Light –weight Terminal: In most cases, the MANET nodes are mobile devices...
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...Security Issues in MANET.pdf (Size: 182.57 KB / Downloads: 225) Security Issues in MANETs Presented By: Abhishek Seth 04329001 Abstract Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) has become an ex¬citing and important technology in recent years because of the rapid proliferation of wireless devices. A mo¬bile adhoc network consists of mobile nodes that can move freely in an open environment. Communicating nodes in a Mobile Adhoc Network usually seek the help ofother intermediate nodes to establish communication channels. In such an environment, malicious interme¬diate nodes can be a threat to the security of conver¬sation between mobile nodes. The security experience from the Wired Network world is oflittle use in Wire¬less Mobile Ad hoc networks, due to some basic differ¬ences between the two Networks. Therefore, some novel solutions are required to make Mobile Adhoc Network secure. 1 Introduction A Mobile Adhoc Network is a group of wireless mo¬bile computers in which nodes cooperate by forwarding packets for each other to allow them to communicate beyond direct wireless transmission range. Application such as military excercises, disaster relief, and mine site operation may benefit from adhoc networking, but secure and reliable communication is a necessary pre¬requisite for such applications. MANETS are more vulnerable to attacks than wired networks due to open medium, dynamically changing network topology, cooperative algorithms, lack of cen-tralized...
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...Edouard Manet – Roadmenders in the rule de Berne 1878 Edouard Manet has used white and also added it to most of the colours used in this piece making them pale and pastel-like, which has significantly impacted on portraying the flooding of sunlight outdoors. This pastel effect used suggests sunlight in the distance, and the use of blues creates the impression of misty light-filled shadows. The large amount of white and its layered application gives luminosity to the painting. The technique of dragging has been used allowing the ground and earlier dry colours to show through. Blues have been applied with thin brush strokes in an opaque fashion and uneven brush strokes of green mixed with a little white have been used to depict foliage. Manet’s loose, unfocused handling is significant in depicting an immediate sense of activity. This artwork combines both wet-in-wet and wet-over-dry work in order to create a soft daylight scene of light reflection from buildings and ground. Although most of the people toward the front left of the painting have been painted in mostly white and blurred, some have been painted in black, along with the horses in browns and carts in dark greyish black, which immediately make them predominately obvious. Along the left side of the sidewalk there is evidence of a rub down or scrape down as a thin transparent black layer is visible under the pile of stones. The mixed colours and brush technique used have a considerable impact on the well depicted buildings...
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...Historical context: Eduard Manet was a French painter who represented everyday scenes of people and city life. He was a leading artist in the transition from realism to impressionism, and he lived from 1832 to 1883. Interestingly, Manet’s career choice was a little different than his parents had hoped. Manet came from royalty with his father, Auguste Manet, a high-ranking judge, and his mother, Eugénie-Desirée Fournier, the daughter of a diplomat and the goddaughter of the Swedish crown prince. They had expected for their son to “choose a respectable career”, preferably in law. However that was not in the cards for Manet. Ironically, his art career is still being appreciated over a century later. Manet's uncle, Edmond Fournier, supported Manet is his early art interests, arranging frequent trips to the Louvre. Eventually, Manet and his parents were on the same page and they supported his calling for art. The artist’s use of color, space and composition: The lemon by Manet is a unique piece of art. Manet utilizes realism to capture the simplistic form of the fruit. However, this painting is nothing less than sophisticated demonstrating Manet’s true command of color and touch with his brush. The painting is encompassed by dull, dark colors with sporadic brightness. Manet uses different forms of yellow to capture the color, shape, and texture of the lemon. The sudden brightness in the painting can be seen as the natural reflection that the lemon and the plate give off. He...
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...110: Test 1 Type your answers into this document. Place into the drop-box folder by Monday 6/29 12:00 Noon. IDENTIFICATION Please type your answers directly into each text box. Identify each image with: Artist Title Material Date Location Pablo Picasso Seated Bather ( La Baigneuse) Oil on Canvas, 64 ½ x 51 in. Early 1930 Paris Pablo Picasso Seated Bather ( La Baigneuse) Oil on Canvas, 64 ½ x 51 in. Early 1930 Paris 1 1 Cai Guo-Qiang Footprints of History Fireworks August 8th, 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Birds Nest Cai Guo-Qiang Footprints of History Fireworks August 8th, 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Birds Nest 2 2 . Edouard Manet Luncheon on the Grass Oil on canvas 7 ft. x 8 ft. 10 in. 1863 Musee d’ Orsay, Paris Edouard Manet Luncheon on the Grass Oil on canvas 7 ft. x 8 ft. 10 in. 1863 Musee d’ Orsay, Paris 3 3 Jean- Michel Basquiat Charles the First Acrylic and oil oilstick on canvas, three panels. Triptych. 6’6 x 5’ 2 1/4 1982 New York Jean- Michel Basquiat Charles the First Acrylic and oil oilstick on canvas, three panels. Triptych. 6’6 x 5’ 2 1/4 1982 New York 4 4 Shirin Neshat Rebellious Silence, from the series Women of Allah Gelatin silver print and ink, 11x14 in. 1994 New York and Brussels Shirin Neshat Rebellious Silence, from the series Women of Allah Gelatin silver print and ink, 11x14 in. 1994 New York and Brussels 5 5 Artist: Jean - Michel Basquiat ...
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...Critical Research Paper “The Mocking of Crist” by Edouard Manet Natallia Kolas Oakton Community College (DP Campus) HUM 123 (6:30 class) 09/27/2011 Even before going to the Art Institute, I knew that I wanted to write about one of Manet’s paintings. I admire his passion to create beautiful art even if it meant going against “old school” standards and principles. “The Mocking of Crist ” really caught my eye because of artist’s unusual interpretation of a religious subject. I felt intrigued by the idea of a red bearded Crist looking bored and out of place. When it was first presented to the public, “The Mocking of Crist ” received tons of negative criticism for the artist’s painting techniques, his choice of lower-class people as models and, of course, his interpretation of Jesus Christ’s character. “The Mocking of Crist” was painted between 1864 and 1865 in France. It is a great example of the Realist movement in art. Manet’s original title for the painting was “Jesus Insulted by the Soldiers.” Clearly, Manet did not mean to represent the soldiers' behavior in the way that title implied. Recently, once again, its name was changed to “Jesus Mocked by Soldiers.” Some sources also refer to it as “Christ Scourged.” In the center, Christ, the brightest figure, is sitting in a chair surrounded by three other male figures, soldiers. This scene is also known as the mocking of the “king of the Jews” before the execution. In this painting, the...
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...images without detail but with bold colors. There were many great impressionist artists. Artist of the impressionist period Edourard Manet was an artist in the years of 1832-1833. He was a founding father of Impressionism and was a crucial part of Salon des Refusés in 1863. Edourard Manet was an artistic influence to many impressionist artists. He claimed to not be himself as an Impressionist though. He said he would not be labeled as that and did not exhibit with the others. Many impressionists borrowed from his style also. Manet influenced development of Impressionism. Olympia which was created in 1863 was a famous painting that Manet created. His style in this period was characterized by loose brush strokes, simplification of details, and the suppression of transitional tones. Adopting the current style of realism initiated by Gustave Courbet, he painted The Absinthe Drinker and other contemporary subjects such as beggars, singers, Gypsies, people in cafes, and bullfights. After his early years, he rarely painted religious, mythological, or historical subjects such as his Christ Mocked, now in the Art Institute of Chicago, and Christ with Angels, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. The roughly painted style and photographic lighting in these works was seen as specifically modern, and as a challenge to the Renaissance works Manet copied or used as source material. His work is considered 'early modern', partially because of the black outlining of figures, which...
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...The relationship between the artist and the audience is a crucial element to the success of the artwork in its historical era. Titian’s traditional Renaissance symbolism and style of painting made his work a masterpiece of his time. According to art critic Brand Hamlee Titian’s work met the “demands of an admiring public. As he was particularly famous for his portraits and mythological works” this created a positive relationship between “Venus of Urbino” and the intended Renaissance audience. The relationship between the artwork and the audience is also evident through the Renaissance symbolism throughout his artwork, Venus seductive glaze captured Renaissance viewers and the high quality of Venetian light and tone to perfection was a vital characteristic to the success of the artwork to its intended audience. In addition, using symbolism, which had significance to the Renaissance mythological style also strengthened the relationship between the artist and the artwork. The Spaniel represents a symbol of fidelity a strong theme in Renaissance art as well as the use of roses, myrtle tree and the Spaniel were traditionally associated with the goddess Venus. The Brush strokes and pale rosy and ochre colours luxuriously applied created the central tones of the Venus body is an essential symbol of Renaissance sensuality, beauty and desire that was praised by all audiences. Although the intended Renaissance audience understood the key symbolism, the relationship between the artwork...
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... In 1840 Paris, France; Claude Oscar Monet was born (Claudemonetgallery.org). Claude Monet was known for many paintings. However, he was most known for his work with impressionism and showing light. His works were very different from the time era’s style, realism. Claude Monet broke out from realism by creating and preserving impressionism. With this new idea, he was able to capture nature and light effects on nature. I found his works to draw my attention to them by their vivid colors, and what effects light has on a scenery. What is impressionism? Impressionism is a movement that a group of Paris artist created. “in 1862 Monet became a student of Charles Gleyre in Paris, where he met Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frédéric Bazille, and Alfred Sisley. Together they shared new approaches to art, painting the effects of light en plein air with broken color and rapid brushstrokes, in what later came to be known as Impressionism.” (Claudemonetgallery.org). His main goal was to show light effects on nature and show how different colors can change a paintings mood. Claude would use vibrant colors, and cool colors. These cool and vibrant colors would contrast against each other. Other paintings he would use just cool colors, others would be vibrant. His works made me feels as if I was outside and weather sets a mood; for example if I was viewing one his paintings and the sun was setting, it would make me feel relaxed. Claude Monet’s work was not only enjoyable to the viewer...
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...Realism and Impressionism Movements Gloria Slezak ART 101- Art Appreciation Instructor Todd Leisek May 23, 2014 This essay will be about Realism and Impressionism movements. Both Realism and Impressionism movement was in the 19th century. The differences between these movements are that the Realism movement was in the mid-19th century and Impressionism was in the late 19th century. I will discuss two pieces of artwork that was done in these movements. One will be The Stone Breakers by Gustave Courbet and the other one is called Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette by Auguste Renoir. In this essay I will do my best to explain a little about how the characteristics and factors are reflected in these pieces of art. The Stone Breakers was a painting done by a French painter named Gustave Courbet. Gustave was well-known for his work of arts of still lives, self-portraits, females, common men workers, landscapes and many other common places. This painting was done in 1849 and is about hundred sixty-five years old. Addressed as the pioneer of the Realist movement Gustave set a unique artistic movement which caused a lot of disagreement among other artists. This movement demonstrated and signified the everyday life. Realism was exceptional and contentious in the sense that it broke away from the norm which was for centuries illustrating popular, religious figures, however Gustave ideologies were for artists to represent only what they can see or have lived. His painting was a work...
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...1 Multicast Capacity in MANET with Infrastructure Support Zhenzhi Qian, Xiaohua Tian, Xi Chen, Wentao Huang and Xinbing Wang Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China Email: {199012315171, xtian, qfbzcx, yelohuang, xwang8}@sjtu.edu.cn ! Abstract—We study the multicast capacity under a network model featuring both node’s mobility and infrastructure support. Combinations between mobility and infrastructure, as well as multicast transmission and infrastructure, have already been showed effective ways to increase it. In this work, we jointly consider the impact of the above three factors on network capacity. We assume that m static base stations and n mobile users are placed in an ad hoc network. A general mobility model is adopted, such that each user moves within a bounded distance from its home-point with an arbitrary pattern. In addition, each mobile node serves as a source of multicast transmission, which results in a total number of n multicast transmissions. We focus on the situations in which base stations actually benefit the capacity improvement, and find that multicast capacity in a mobile hybrid network falls into several regimes. For each regime, reachable upper and lower bounds are derived. Our work contains theoretical analysis of multicast capacity in hybrid networks and provides guidelines for the design of real hybrid system combing cellular and ad hoc networks. 1 Index Terms—Wireless ad hoc network; multicast capacity; mobility;...
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...Evaluation of Wireless Mesh Networks on MANET Routing Protocols Shashi Bhushan1,Anil Saroliya2 ,Vijander Singh3 Research Scholar, Computer Science, Amity University, Jaipur, India 1 Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Amity University, Jaipur, India 2 Senior Lecturer, Computer Science, Amity University, Jaipur, India 3 Abstract—Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is a kind of network which is made up of Mesh router and Mesh clients where Mesh router having lesser mobility and form the heart of WMNs. In this paper, Wireless Mesh Network over MANET implemented using routing protocols such as AODV, DSR. In this work NS-2.34 simulator is used for simulations. Various measurements and calculations were figure out in this work like throughput, Average end-end delay, PDR, NRL and Routing packets in Random way point mobility model. WMN have features such as self configuration, self healing and low cost of equipment. This work specifically aims to study the performance of routing protocols in a wireless mesh network, where static mesh routers and mobile clients participate together to implement networks functionality such as routing and packet forwarding in different mobility scenarios Keywords- Ad hoc Network, Routing Protocols, Wireless Mesh Network, Performance, Throughput, PDR, NRL and Routing packets in Random way point mobility model, Simulation on Network simulator NS-2, AODV,DSR , Routing Overhead. I. INTRODUCTION A Mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET) is an autonomous system of wireless...
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...meleste at semper manet sola. Ut lacreet dolore magna aliquam sic semper fi tyrannis erat volutpat. Wisi enim ad minim veniam. Dolore eu sata sfeugiat. Ipsum lorem vei illum sat dolor euis mod tincidunt vei auminiure dolor in esse. Ultaceet dolore magna si napi. Wisi e nim ad minim veniam, quis nos In a tsvulpate velt esse meleste at semper manet sola. UT lacreet dolore magna aliquam sic semp fi tyrannis erat volutpat. Wisi enim ad minim veniam. Dolore eu sata sfeugiat. Ipsum lorem vei illum sat dolor euis mod tincidunt vei auminiure dolor in esse. Ulta ceet dolore magna si napi. Wisi e nim admin im veniam, quis nostrud. In atsvulpate velt esse meleste at semper manet sola. Ut lacreet dolore magna aliquam sic semper fi tyrannis erat volutpat. Wisi enim ad minim veniam. Dolore eu sata sfeugiat. Ipsum lorem vei illum sat dolor euis mod tincidunt vei auminiure dolor in esse. Ultaceet dolore magna si napi. Wisi e nim ad minim Level 1 Header Level 2 Header Ipsum lorem vei illum sat dolor euis mod tincidunt vei auminiure dolor in esse. Ulta ceet dolore magna si napi. Wisi e nim admin im veniam, quis nostrud. In atsvulpate velt esse meleste at semper manet sola. Ut lacreet dolore magna aliquam sic semper fi tyrannis erat volutpat. Wisi enim ad minim veniam. Dolore eu sata sfeugiat. Ipsum lorem vei illum sat dolor euis mod tincidunt vei auminiure dolor in esse. Ultaceet dolore magna si napi. Wisi e nim ad minim veniam, quis nos In a tsvulpate velt esse meleste at semper manet sola. UT lacreet...
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...III .IDS SYSTEM Nodes in MANETs assume that other nodes always cooperate with each other to relay data. This assumption leaves the attackers with the opportunities to achieve significant impact on the network with just one or two compromised nodes. To address this problem, the IDS should be added to enhance the security level of MANETs. If MANETs can detect the attackers as soon as they enter the network to completely eliminate the potential damages caused by compromised nodes at the first time. IDS is usually act as the second layer in MANETs. a.Watchdog The watchdog that aims to improve the throughput of network with the presence of malicious nodes [10]. Watchdog serves as IDS for MANETs. It is responsible for detecting malicious...
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