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Marbury Vs Madison Essay

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Marbury v. Madison was arguably the single most influential court case in United States history. The landmark outcome in the case firmly defined the Supreme Court’s role in reviewing federal legislative actions and determining the legality of these actions and laws in accordance to the Constitution. This power, known as judicial review, was key in asserting the federal judiciary’s role in determining the constitutionality of congressional laws and acts. It also reaffirmed the system of checks and balances by strengthening the Federal judiciary.
In the presidential election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) defeated current president John Adams (Federalist) and became the third President of the United States. On March 3, the …show more content…
President Jefferson ordered Levi Lincoln, the newly appointed Attorney General and acting Secretary of State until the arrival of James Madison, not to honor the remaining seventeen commissions. Without the commissions, the newly elected “Midnight Judges” could not assume the offices they had been appointed despite being approved by the Senate which therefore limited Adams’ plan to maintain a federalist dominated judiciary. William Marbury, an intended justice of the peace for District of Columbia, was denied his position because his commission hadn’t been delivered by the Secretary of State, James Madison. As a result, Marbury filed a suit for the Supreme Court of the United States to issue a writ of mandamus, an order from a court to an inferior government official ordering the government official to properly fulfill their official duties or correct an abuse of discretion, to force Madison to deliver the remainder of the commissions. Recently appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States John Marshall presided over the case and presented the case as three questions: Did Marbury have a right to the commission? Do the laws of the country give Marbury a legal remedy? Is asking the Supreme Court for a writ of mandamus the correct legal

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