...Market Equilibrium Process Paper ECO/561 January 15, 2013 Paul Andoh Market Equilibrium Process Market equilibrium process is defined as the matching process of supply and demand of the consumers. The law of demand is simply the pricing of items as it relates to the demand of item. McConnell, Brue, & Flynn (2009), “states that consumers preferences along with marketing of goods; expectation of consumers; level of income from consumers purchasing products; and cost of goods determines how the level of demand will be affected” (Chapter 3). Consumers are drawn to items for many reasons (i.e., looks, style, and latest design) however; the items may or may not be readily available. For instance, during the holidays many consumers searched for the latest and greatest game devices and other electronic devices. But what we have discovered is that during that specific time of year, the demand for such items are extremely high and he supply of demand seems to fall short. When an individual is seeking a specific item that cannot be found in stores, the internet is the next big source to finding what cannot be kept on shelves in stores. In most cases the prices online may be higher because of shipping but consumers find that it is a price they are willing to pay for peace of mind and to have the product of demand at the time. When a consumers desire to purchase a product that is not readily...
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...Market Equilibration Paper Thomas Fowler ECO/561 June 2, 2014 Bobbie Murray Market Equilibration Paper Economic concepts are inaugural part of business management. This will help an individual to operate a business successfully and maximize profits while reducing costs. One of the economic concepts is market equilibrium. According to (McConnell, Brue, & Flynn, 2009), “The equilibrium price and quantity are established at the intersection of the supply and demand curves. The interaction of market demand and market supply adjusts the price to the point at which the quantities demanded and supplied are equal. This is the equilibrium price. The corresponding quantity is the equilibrium quantity. A change in either demand or supply changes the equilibrium price and quantity. Increases in demand raise both equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity; decreases in demand lower both equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity. Increases in supply lower equilibrium price and raise equilibrium quantity; decreases in supply raise equilibrium price and lower equilibrium quantity” (p.1). In the appendix #1, the apple market shows what consumers and farmers would purchase apples at $2.00 per bushel. The equilibrium price for the apples is $2.00 per bushel. If the market price is below the equilibrium price, consumers want to buy more than the equilibrium price and producers will produce less. Excess demand is created and causes a product shortage. This allows consumers...
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...Market Equilibration Process Paper Adekola Ayantola ECO/561 November19, 2012 Market Equilibration Process Paper Market equilibration process in economics is the ability put the supply function and demand function together to obtain market equilibrium. The Demand and supply principle find the price and the output of the item in question. In a situation in which the supply quantity is fixed and assigned the evaluated function of the demand at that particular price will determine the supply price. The market equilibration provides opportunity for business organization to adapt to various changes that happens in the market in their field, to guide the management in adjusting to the demands by adjusting the supply to create market equilibrium, and this will enable the producers and purchasers to be on the same par on price and products. For equilibrium to exist there must be a demand of the product or products or services. There must be willing buyers with available resources to purchase the products or services at the agreed price. Once the need has been established the products can be produced or developed. The product is supplied to the market at the price the consumer is willing to pay, and this thus creates market equilibrium. In a situation in which there is an imbalance in one side the equilibrium is affected, and there is a shift more to once side. In a situation of this nature there may be a shortage of supply and may cause price increase that may result in competitors...
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...open economy trades freely without controlling by the local government with applying tariffs and quotas on the goods and services. This paper is to analyse the factors that influence free trade to the developing countries. Within the framework, the research paper shows that tariffs can improve the country’s welfare. Besides, this paper shows that the improvement in country’s terms of trade can improve the country’s welfare. This paper is using one method which is a general equilibrium model whereas two traded outputs and one public consumption output are producing by using two factors of production. Key words: Free trade, developing...
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...Week Two_ Market Equilibration Process Paper Bobby Taylor Economics 561 April 25, 2013 Aleksandr Kocharyan, PhD, instructor Market Equilibration Process Paper The following content items are expected to be developed: • The paper/presentation includes specifics about Law of Demand and lists main determinants of demand, Law of Supply and lists main determinants of supply. The basic determinants of demand are (1) consumers’ tastes (preferences)- a change that makes the product more desirable—means that more of it will be demanded at each price. Demand will increase; the demand curve will shift rightward. An unfavorable change in consumer preferences will decrease demand, shifting the demand curve to the left., (2) the number of buyers in the market,- An increase in the number of buyers in a market is likely to increase product demand; a decrease in the number of buyers will probably decrease demand. (3) consumers’ incomes,- For most products, a rise in income causes an increase in demand. (4) the prices of related goods,- A change in the price of a related good may either increase or decrease the demand for a product, depending on whether the related good is a substitute or a complement: and (5) consumer expectations- Changes in consumer expectations may shift demand. A newly formed expectation of higher future prices may cause consumers to buy now in order to “beat” the anticipated price rises, thus increasing current...
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...Market Equilibration Process Paper ECO/561 April 20, 2015 Market Equilibration Process Paper Economics studies supply and demand and what effects they have on everyday business. Supply and demand work together to paint a picture of market conditions for the business. Their cause and effects are called determinants. As determinants affect one it will also affect the other. To balance the cause and effects is to reach equilibrium. Searching for market equilibrium is essential because when a business does not have equilibrium we experience such issues as surplus or a shortage. This paper will explore the laws of supply, demand and their determinants and the quest for market equalization is it pertains to the business world. Demand is the downward sloping line and we must consider what happens as we move up and down the curve and what causes these changes, also known as determinants. For example, the demand for Internet service has been increasing steadily over the last few years. See below, the graph displays that as the quantity of demand shifts down the price moves in earnest down the slope. Some basic determinants that cause changes to the demand involve consumer preferences, number of buyers, consumer income, prices of related goods, and consumer expectations.(McConnell, Brue, & Flynn, 2009) As we think about demand we must also consider the two types. There is a change in demand and a change in quantity demanded. The change in demand will shift our line...
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...Market Equilibrating Process Paper ECO/561 February 16, 2011 Market Equilibrating Process Paper Within any process, the achievement of market equilibrating is imperative in the business world. According to McConnell, Brue, and Flynn (2009), “Market equilibrium is a situation where the supply is equal to the demand”. The goal of many organizations is to create and continue to create market equilibrium. In this paper market equilibrating, law of supply and demand and inelasticity vs. elasticity will be furthered discussed. Law of Demand and the Determinants of Demand The quantity demanded falls when the price increases. Whereas, the quantity demanded rises when the price falls. According to McConnell, Brue and Flynn (2009), “Demand is a schedule or curve that reveals the various amounts of a product that consumers are willing to purchase at each of a string of potential prices during a specified period of time. Various prices are selected for a particular product in different quantities for the product. The law of demand is the correlation between the demand of quantity and price. For example, a designer coat is retailed for $200 at a department store in the early winter season. During an after Christmas sale, the coats are reduced by 50% to a cost of $100. This sale created more consumer purchases because the price was reduced. As the price went down, more consumers purchased the shoes. The law of demand was utilized throughout this sale process. Law of Supply...
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...Market Equilibrating Process Student Name ECO/561 Date Peter Oburu Market Equilibrating Process Market equilibrium is defined as a state where the quantity supplied matches the quantity demanded (McConnell, Brue, & Flynn, 2009). In case where there is lack of equilibrium a business can be have a surplus or the buyers could face a shortage. The process in which the market adjust to the demands of market buyers and supply of market sellers is know n as the market equilibrating process. If the market price of a good or service is set above market equilibrium price, the demand will be less than the supply and the net effect will be a surplus. On the other hand, the market price of a good or service is set below the market equilibrium price, the demand will be greater than the quantity supplied and the net effect will be a shortage. For a business either of these scenarios can be detrimental, therefore it is very important that a business owner set their price at the market equilibrium, which is the ideal price for both business (suppliers) and the consumers. This paper provides an example of how the market equilibrating process works for a martini lounge. The paper proceeds as follows; first we describe ... then we highlight ... and finally we conclude that ... As the owner of a restaurant, I have to pay very close attention to pricing in an effort to ensure a steady flow of customers and to build profitability. The type of restaurant I own can be classified and...
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...Running head: SUPPLY AND DEMAND AND ELASTICITY PAPER Supply and Demand and Elasticity Paper Principles of Economics ECO212 Supply and Demand and Elasticity Paper Supply and demand is perhaps one of the most fundamental concepts of economics and is the backbone of a market economy. The relationship between demand and supply underlie the forces behind the allocation of resources. (Investopidia A forbe digital company, n.d.). In this paper we will discuss what causes changes in supply and demand, determine how changes in price and quantity will influence market equilibrium. This paper will also describe how the necessity of a good and the availability of substitutions affect price elasticity and compare and contrast market systems and the role of an economist within these systems. Supply is a fundamental economic concept that describes the total amount of a specific good or service that is available to consumers. Supply also refers to the quantity of goods a vendor or suppliers are willing to make at a certain price that will benefit the growth of that vendor’s or supplier’s profits, business and demand. Demand refers to how much (quantity) of a product or service is desired by buyers. (Investopidia A forbe digital company, n.d.) The law of demand is based off of “the higher the price is the lower the demand of the product will be.” Demand goes down. “If the price comes down the higher the demand of the product will be.” Demand goes up. The correlation...
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...Wathieu1 Harvard Business School, Soldiers Field, Boston, MA 02163 (email) lwathieu@hbs.edu (Tel) 617-495-1016 Submitted for presentation at the first QME conference This paper explores the demand for privacy that arises from the loss of consumer surplus when firms gain the ability to treat different consumers differently. It is shown that firms in quest of a competitive advantage may have an incentive to acquire consumer information and use it to gain exclusive access to finer consumer segments, even when the costs of customized marketing are exceedingly high. When such is the case, the opportunity arises for an intermediary to coarsen market access in order to protect consumer surplus and to bar firms from exercising price discrimination. This intermediary could be a mass retailer, a mass media or a diverse community. Formally, the paper analyzes the situation of an intermediary who owns a finer market access system, i.e., the capability to separately access two types of consumers who previously remained undistinguishable. The system could be made available to one firm in exclusivity, or to several firms (two instances of “exposure”), or to no firm at all (“privacy”). The best-bidding agent (from among firms, marginal-type consumers, and mainstream-type consumers) is buying the right to command the equilibrium access allocation. The solution involves either privacy (commanded by mainstream consumers) or exclusive exposure (commanded by a firm), depending intuitively on factors...
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...Running head: MARKET EQUILIBRATING PROCESS PAPER 1 Market Equilibrating Process Paper MJ Meade ECO/561 Economics April 22, 2011 Professor Sangeeta K. Bishop Market Equilibrating Process Paper 2 Identifying equilibrium in a market is comparable to identifying equilibrium in our personal lives and experiences. In the process of losing a job or transferring to a new career, we experience equilibrium. With a new job comes new luxuries but in the event of the loss of job comes cutbacks until finances have improved and in equilibrium. The present economic times have caused a state of disequilibrium for people. People are collecting credit card debt, losing their homes and go into foreclosure. In this paper, the subject to be discussed is the housing market equilibrium. It is very important to comprehend the supply and demand of the housing market. Not many years ago, house prices were increasing as such a force that the demand exceeded the supply. Housing construction exploded and people were acquiring easy loans and numerous people were flipping properties expecting the market to continue to explode. Just as the market exploded the market crashed, and home values decreased. Investments in the market stopped. Housing supply surpassed the demand and prices decreased drastically. Almost immediately, there was a...
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...Market Equilibration Process Paper David Campbell ECO/ 561 May 6, 2013 Professor Maria H. Ramjerdi Market Equilibration Process Paper There are many things that come with learning the concepts of supply and demand. It for one helps many people who are corporation owners have to the capability to make best of their income. The Market Equilibrating Process to us all is “the interaction of market demand and market supply adjusts the price to the point at which the quantities demanded and supplied are equal”, known as equilibrium price. Also known is that equilibrium quantity relates to corresponding quantity. A change in either demand or supply changes the equilibrium price and quantity (McConnell, Brue, & Flynn, 2009). Throughout this paper I will not only speak on market equilibrating process but also give my experience. The market equilibrating process is experienced many times through people’s lives but for me I see most examples through my finances. If looking at a supply curve, you would see my earnings and revenue. My amount outstanding and disbursements would be look at as my demand curve. The moment when my income reaches the same amount as my debts then that is known to be my equilibrium point. The equilibrium point is where I see the amount I am able to pay for with my balance due and income. Throughout understanding this concept I have noticed that there are many different things that can affect the curve for supply and demand. One thing that damages...
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...Final Project Part I Milestone One: Supply, Demand, and Market Equilibrium Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/final-project-part-i-milestone-one-supply-demand-and-market-equilibrium/ Apple is the Company and the product is IPhone 6 3-2 Final Project Part I Milestone One: Supply, Demand, and Market Equilibrium This milestone, which covers Section II of Final Project Part I, should be a paper structured as follows: 1. Describe the price elasticity of supply or demand for your product or service. 2. Explain how two nonprice factors impact the demand of your chosen product or service. 3. Explain how two nonprice factors impact the supply of your chosen product or service. 4. Define the industry and the market equilibrium associated with the product or service. 5. Predict the effect of changes in supply and demand on the market equilibrium. 6. Describe the decisions related to supply and demand for the product or service that you would make based on the predicted changes in supply and demand on the market equilibrium. 5-2 Final Project Part I Milestone Two: Production and Costs This milestone, which covers Section III of Final Project Part I, should be a paper structured as follows: 1. Describe three key inputs (or factors of production) and fixed and variable costs involved in the production of your chosen product or service. 2. Analyze the factors that impact your choice of inputs to produce the chosen product or service. 3. Examine the production...
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...Research Paper 1) Title, author and full quoting reference : “Efficient Supplier or Responsive Supplier? Home or Overseas? An Analysis of Sourcing Strategies under competition.” - Xiaole Wu - School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai and Fuqiang Zhang Olin Business School, Washington University. Published online in Articles in Advance January 27, 2014. 2) Contextual Background: reasons and interests of the research Motivated by the recent back shoring trend, this paper studies a sourcing game where competing firms may choose between efficient sourcing (e.g., sourcing from overseas) and responsive sourcing (e.g., sourcing from a home country) Efficient sourcing usually provides a cost advantage, whereas responsive sourcing allows a firm to obtain more accurate demand information when making procurement decisions. By characterizing the equilibrium outcome, we find some interesting results driven by the strategic interaction between the firms. The chapter is based on cross-sectional data, required in order to address the proposed research questions and help understanding “how much” and what kind of manufacturing will be housed in western countries in the near future. 3) Question of research Based on the characterized equilibrium, we conduct a comparative statics analysis to examine: What are the recent market changes (e.g., the shrinking market sizedue to economic recession, the increasing labor costs in emerging economies, and the rising global commodity...
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...“Bricks-and-Mortar” vs. “Clicks-and-Mortar”: an Equilibrium Analysis Fernando Bernstein Jing-Sheng Song Xiaona Zheng The Fuqua School of Business The Fuqua School of Business Guanghua School of Management Duke University Duke University Peking University Durham, NC 27708 Durham, NC 27708 Beijing, China 100871 Forthcoming in European Journal of Operational Research The Internet has provided traditional retailers a new means with which to serve customers. Consequently, many “bricks-and-mortar” retailers have transformed to “clicks-and-mortar” by incorporating Internet sales. Examples of companies making such a transition include Best Buy, Wal-Mart, Barnes & Noble, etc. Despite the increasing prevalence of this practice, several fundamental questions remain: (1) Does it pay off to go online? (2) Which is the equilibrium industry structure? (3) What is the implication of this business model for consumers? We study these issues in an oligopoly setting and show that clicks-and-mortar arises as the equilibrium channel structure. However, we find that this equilibrium does not necessarily imply higher profits for the firms: in some cases, rather, it emerges as a strategic necessity. Consumers are generally better off with clicks-and-mortar retailers. If firms align with pure e-tailers to reach the online market, we show that a prisoner’s dilemma-type equilibrium may arise. Keywords: Supply chain management, Game theory, E-commerce, MNL model...
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