...NAME: LKHAGVASUREN KHURELBAATAR ID: EMV 20110 ------------------------------------------------- Individual Essay Four Market Structures in Australia. NAME: LKHAGVASUREN KHURELBAATAR ID: EMV 20110 ------------------------------------------------- Individual Essay Four Market Structures in Australia. Introduction Market structure reflects all the most important aspects of the market - the number of firms in the industry, the type of product produced, the possibility to enter and exit of firms, number of customers, the ability of a single firm to influence the market price. The lower the firm's ability to influence the market, the more competitive the industry is considered. In the limiting case where the degree of influence of one firm is zero, talk about a perfectly competitive market. Companies and business through time they live attached to the four market structures. This essay will give some examples of the four market structures in Australia like Monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. Companies and businesses can move from one market structure to another structure of the market during the period of operation. These changes between the structures may be the result of product changes, the introduction of competition and the interests of the client. This essay will give clear examples on each market structure: 1. Monopoly occurs when a company produces products for which there is no substitute. Due to the fact that the company has...
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...Introduction Background of the study Every business big or small has a strategy and structure. Some are formally formulated through a thorough planning and some just develop informally overtime as the business continue to grow and adapt to the business environment they`re in. However, no matter how these two evolves, it is important for a firm`s strategy and structure to always fully support each other. A business strategy refers to its plan for the whole organization that commences how it will use its major resources to achieve its goals. Business structures on the other hand, refers to the way the pieces of the business fits together such as its management operations and product distributions. (Hill, 2012) Uggs Australia is part of the portfolio of brands acquired by Deckers Outdoor Corporation which is an American company. Deckers acquired the Ugg brand in 1995 from its founder Brian Smith and repositioned the brand as a luxury brand sold through expensive shops in the US. Uggs primary product is their classic sheepskin boots but as the company grows they have diversified to produce and sell others including a variety of footwear, clothing, bags and outerwear. Uggs is now being sold all around the world and had a sales of over US$1 billion in 2012. (www.deckers.com, 2012) Uggs Australia: Swot Analysis * Strength: Some of the brands strength includes its already established loyal customer base, prior to Deckers acquisition of the brand, Uggs was already made popular...
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...AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT – PRODUCTIVITY COMMISSION Economic Structure and Performance of the Australian Retail Industry Bicycle Industries Australia Ltd Suite 324, 1 Queens Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Bicycle Industries Australia Ltd (BIA) represents bicycle manufacturers, importers and wholesalers within Australia. The BIA was formed with the expressed aims; • • To foster the interests of the Australian Bicycle Industry To promote sound and ethical trading and commercial practices The Australian bicycle industry comprises approximately 500 importers, manufacturers and wholesalers, along with approximately 1000 specialised retail stores. The BIA is a member of the Fair Imports Alliance (FIA). As a member of the FIA we support all points of discussion which has been raised through the joint submission. Further to the points which have been raised within the FIA discussion paper, the BIA would like to raise issues more specific to the operations of the industry. Page 2 of 16 Bicycle Industries Australia Ltd. – Response to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into Economic Structure and Performance of the Australian Retail Industry IMPACT ON THE AUSTRALIAN BICYCLE INDUSTRY The Australian bicycle industry has been hit extremely hard by international online trading. The industry in 2007 directly employed over 6000 people through specialised bicycle distributors and retailers, and many more through large chain stores and associated businesses including transport ...
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...features of the banking systems in Australia and Canada. Then I will compare their banking systems in structure and regulation with United States. Finally, the different ways mortgage lending is conducted in these three countries will be emphasized. Common features The common features of the banking systems of Australia and Canada are embodied in the high concentrated banking system along with intensive supervision and sound regulation. It is the common features that contribute to the resilient performance in these two countries’ banks through the global financial crisis. Generally speaking, the whole banking sector in either Canada or Australia is monopolized by a few large-scaled national banks. In Australia, there are mainly four banks, Commonwealth Bank, Westpac Banking Corporation, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group and National Australia Bank, which dominate Australian banking market. They are individually and collectively huge compared with the size of banking system and their total assets are vast compared with GDP. These four banks occupy 75% of the total banking assets and 80% of the residential mortgage market (Jang & Sheridan 2012, p3). Also, due to there are no mergers and acquisitions between top four banks, the major financial institutions tend to have good profitability and rarely pursuit to develop “high-risk high-yield” financial products. As for Canada, there are big five banks that oligopoly banking markets: Royal Bank...
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...Economics, Faculty of Design, Architecture and Building, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia Introduction The traditional structure-conductperformance approach to industry economics originated in the US in the 1930s with the work of Mason (1939) and Bain (1959). This is now the standard framework for analysing the dynamics of an industry. However, the size and scope of the Australian construction industry at the turn of the millennium may be better understood using an alternative model that highlights the diversity of the industry and the range of actors involved. Industry analysis has traditionally focused on groups of firms with similar characteristics in their production processes, goods or services produced, and markets served in the wider economy. The distinction has been between firms and industries, and the analysis has emphasised the importance of economies of scale and scope (Sutton 1991) or organisational structure (Williamson 1979). One major difficulty in the standard structure-conduct-performance approach has been the definition of industries within the theoretical criteria of product homogeneity. Further, some analysts see the construction industry as a manufacturing system, similar to the automotive industry. This view underpins the recommendations in the Egan Report (1998) in the UK, which emphasises lean thinking in construction. This analogy argues the industry in Australia has a few very large key players whose task it is to 'assemble' constructed items, complete...
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...Wiles (612) 9220 1525 richard.e.wiles@jpmorgan.com Ed Henning (61-2) 9220-1933 ed.a.henning@jpmorgan.com Fujitsu Australia Team Martin North (61-2) 9293-0617 martin.north@au.fujitsu.com Tom Dissing (61-2) 9293-0423 tom.dissing@au.fujitsu.com This report is the result of a joint effort between Fujitsu Australia and JPMorgan, focusing on developments in the Australian mortgage industry. We use the Fujitsu Mortgage Market and Yield Improvement Modelling. See page 30 for analyst certification and important disclosures, including investment banking relationships. JPMorgan does and seeks to do business with companies covered in its research reports. As a result, investors should be aware that the firm may have a conflict of interest that could affect the objectivity of this report. Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. Brian Johnson (61-2) 9220-1605 brian.d.johnson@jpmorgan.com Asia Pacific Equity Research 25 February 2005 Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................3 Industry Overview ....................................................................5 Mortgage Brokers...................................................................10 International Comparison ......................................................14 Market Shares .........................................................................18 Half An Hour With John Symond (Aussie)...
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...Market structures like Monopoly, Duopoly, and Oligopoly and Monopolistic competition in any industry in Australia. Market structure reflects all the most important aspects of the market - the number of firms in the industry, the type of product produced, the possibility to enter and exit of firms, number of customers, the ability of a single firm to influence the market price. The lower the firm's ability to influence the market, the more competitive the industry is considered. In the limiting case where the degree of influence of one firm is zero, talk about a perfectly competitive market. Companies and business through time they live attached to the four market structures. This essay will give some examples of the four market structures in Australia like Monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. Companies and businesses can move from one market structure to another structure of the market during the period of operation. These changes between the structures may be the result of product changes, the introduction of competition and the interests of the client. This essay will give clear examples on each market structure: 1. Monopoly occurs when a company produces products for which there is no substitute. Due to the fact that the company has no competitors, it has full control over the delivery of these products and, as a single vendor can create barriers for potential competitors. In the real world monopolies that exist to date - this is some of the...
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...successful vehicle manufacturing company, Toyota Australia (Toyota), as it evaluates radical strategic options in light of contracting sales and no sign of improvement in future. Established in 1958 in Port Melbourne, Australia (Toyota Australia n.d.), Toyota became very successful locally and started to look for opportunities overseas. It made its first shipment abroad in 1986. By 2011, Toyota became the largest exporter of manufactured automobiles in Australia, exporting 73% of vehicles overseas. However, in 2013, as GM-Holden, a competing Australian vehicle manufacturer, announced complete shutdown of its operations by 2017, Toyota was facing existential threats both at home and abroad. In 2013, there were only three vehicle manufacturers in Australia. However, Toyota’s main competitors were not the Australian, but overseas car producers. Starting in 2005, Australia embarked on signing the Free Trade Agreements (FTA) with Thailand, the ASEAN counties, and New Zealand (Australian Trade Commission n.d.), as a result exposing local manufacturers to significant competition. Increased competition from the overseas car manufacturers eroded the revenues of all local producers. Toyota also had to reduce its production volume and operate at an unprofitably low capacity utilisation rate. In an effort to improve its competitiveness in 2012, Toyota launched a Toyota Australia Future Business Transformation, a cost-cutting programme (Toyota Australia 2012). According the case study, this programme...
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...of Foreign Share Ownership on Financial Performance in Australia Word Count: 2,696 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 3 2. Literature Review ............................................................................................................... 5 2.1 2.2 3. 4. Corporate Governance in Australia ............................................................................. 5 Ownership Structure and Financial Performance........................................................ 6 Hypothesis .......................................................................................................................... 8 Methodology....................................................................................................................... 8 4.1 4.2 Model Design .............................................................................................................. 9 Sample ....................................................................................................................... 10 5. 6. References ........................................................................................................................ 11 Appendix .......................................................................................................................... 14 6.1 6.2 Structure .......................................................
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...in the subject guide concerning cheating and plagiarism. Case Company: Super Retail Group (ASX: SUL) Lecturer: Dr Gerhard Hambusch Lecture day & time: Monday 3:00 PM | | Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 2. COMPANY AND INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 3 3.1 Historical Company Leverage Financing & Peer Industry Leverage Analysis 5 3.1.1 Interest Coverage Ratio 6 3.1.2 Managerial Inertia Theory 7 3.1.3 Security Mispricing Theory 7 3.1.4 Pecking Order Theory 8 3.2 Optimal Leverage Analysis 8 3.2.1 Trade -Off Theory 8 3.2.2 The Dividend Imputation System in Australia 10 3.2.3 Agency Theory 11 3.2.4 Stakeholder Theory 12 3.2.5 Predation /...
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...Australia and New Zealand: Doing business with Indonesia SECTION 1 CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Numerous Australian and New Zealand organisations are looking for business opportunities in Asian nations as Asian nations are in developing stage and they offer limitless business chances to officially created countries. Here, we are going to examine the business development of Australian and New Zealand associations in Indonesia. To start a business in a foreign country, it is crucial to understand the culture, social, customs and language of the country to be successful (Morrison & Conoway, 2006). Culture Hofsetede has sorted social contrasts into three wide classifications i.e. National society, Business Culture and Organizational society. National society delineates the political and social limits of the country. Business society includes rules, regulations, qualities and convictions of working together in a specific society (Deresky & Christopher, 2012). National Culture measurements are as per the following: 1. Power Distance 2. Independence/Individualism versus Collectivism 3. Manliness versus Femininity 4. Vulnerability/Uncertainty Avoidance 5. Long term Orientation 6. Indulgence (Kullen & Parboteeah, 2014). The visual chart joined in Appendix 1 indicates how these three nations vary from each other on the premise of aforementioned measurements. Indonesia is at high power separation as contrast with other two nations which implies more reliance...
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...We focus on the major characteristics of each group: – Size, structure and composition of industry group, – Balance sheets and recent trends, – Regulation. • In Australia, the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) authorises financial institutions to carry out financial intermediation. Copyright 2007 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Financial Institutions Management 2e, by Lange, Saunders, Anderson ,Thomson and Cornett Slides prepared by Maike Sundmacher 1-2 Products Sold by the Financial Services Industry • Comparing the products of DIs in 1950 and 2006: – Much greater distinction between types of DIs in terms of products in 1950 than in 2006. – Blurring of product lines and services over time. – Wider array of services offered by all DI types. – Refer to Tables 1.1A and 1.1B in the text. Copyright 2007 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Financial Institutions Management 2e, by Lange, Saunders, Anderson ,Thomson and Cornett Slides prepared by Maike Sundmacher 1-3 Banks • Banks are the largest depository institutions in terms of size. • Major difference between banks and credit unions/savings institutions: banks have more varied assets and liabilities. • Differences in operating characteristics and profitability across size classes – for instance, with regards to the size of the commercial loan portfolio. Copyright 2007 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PPTs t/a Financial Institutions Management 2e, by Lange...
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...PEST on Australia Political aspect 1. Trading policies Maintains active and diverse international trade policy agenda which combines multilateral, regional and bilateral strategies to break down world barriers to trade. Trade policies are equally based on structural economic reforms to improve its international trade competiveness, and initiatives to promote liberalization of international trade and investment rules. Australia has good trading policies with its neighbor countries, and their trades are in favorable conditions, so operating Air Asia (AA) in Australia would be viable and there will be higher frequent business traveler. 2. Home market lobbying/pressure groups Committed Pressure group are allowed in Australia, which is good things, because of open political system, as results consumer and the citizen are more aware about the real business situation. Pressure groups will make the organization to think about the Corporate Social Responsibly and Ethics that it need to consider and practice in Australia. XX (company name) should come up with new business strategies which benefits environment, people and demoralizing un ethical activities. 3. International pressure group Australia is a sophisticated and modern economy. It is open market and it has good relationship with international welfare organization High Pressure group. In the environment, where there is high international pressure group, organizations should consider international issues...
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...INTRODUCTION This paper focuses on 3 current trends occurring in the Australian labour market, analysing their causes and effects. The chosen trends are structural unemployment, gender pay gap and skill shortage. The main causes of the first trend are increase demand for services and technological change, which have led us into a new era where highly skilled labour force is needed to operate more complex machineries and computer systems. The rapid technological change has caused structural unemployment, with workers willing to work but cannot because of their lack of required skills. The second trend, gender pay gap, illustrates how wide the pay gap between males and females is until today. The main causes of this current direction are the persisting stereotype of the male brad-winner, the feminisation of some particular industry and more importantly non-union collective agreement. The results of this general direction limit the potentials of the Australian national income and create a culture of discrimination. The third and last trend, skill shortage, is generated by cut in investment in skill development, difficulties in retaining the employees and variation of demand for labour. These phenomenons foster inefficiency and impossibility to produce at full employment of resources. TREND 1: STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENT One of the major trends that can be noticed in the Australian labour market is the steady presence of structural unemployment. Most of the definitions found...
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...Products 6 Sustainable Competitive Advantage 6 Marketing Analysis 7 Market competitor analysis 7 Overall Market and Target Segment(s) 7 Competitive Positioning 8 Customers’ Decision Making Process 8 Marketing Mix 9 The 4 Cs of the marketing mix 10 Cost 10 Convenience 11 Communication 11 Customer Service 11 The 4 P’s in the marketing mix 12 Growth Strategy 13 Research and Development 14 Manufacturing/Operations 15 Organizational Structure 16 Risk recognition and risk reduction strategies 16 Financial summaries, assumptions and scenarios 17 Financial details 17 Sensitivity and Scenario Analysis 17 Pro-forma financial statements 18 The Deal – the Ask and the Offer 19 References 19 Introduction Executive Summary Green Leaf Restaurant is a charming modern day Chinese restaurant located in Chermside, north of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Chermside is a key destination on the Queensland proposed ‘Northern Busway’ and home to the largest shopping center in Queensland. It is also the third largest shopping center in Australia containing a 4 storey shopping mall and a 16 screen cinema complex. The Westfield shopping center also houses the only Apple store in Australia thus it attracts a large number of people to Chermside. Owing to its 24 hour service delivery to its customers, the Westfield Shopping Centre attracts more customers who work during night hours, and this will create more market for the Chinese foods. The enchanted facility will target a number...
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