...UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES [pic] TERM PAPER THE 4 P OF MARKETING UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES, VARAŽDIN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TERM PAPER THE 4 P OF MARKETING Subject: English Language Professor: prof. M. Miščančuk Student: Andreja Andraši (1791/601) Varaždin, 09.04.2010. Varaždin, 09.04.2010. 2 Table of content 3 1. The 4 P's of Marketing in general 4 2. The Marketing Mix 4 2.1. Product Decisions 5 2.1.1. The Product Life Cycle (PLC) 6 2.1.1.1. Introduction 7 2.1.1.2. Growth 7 2.1.1.3. Maturity 7 2.1.1.4. Decline 7 2.1.2. Problems with Product Life Cycle 7 2.1.3. The Customer Life Cycle (CLC) 8 2.2. Price Decisions 8 2.2.1. Pricing Strategies 9 2.2.1.1. Premium Pricing 9 2.2.1.2. Penetration Pricing 9 2.2.1.3. Economy Pricing 9 2.2.1.3. Price Skimming 10 2.2.1.4. Psychological Pricing 10 2.2.1.5. Product Line Pricing 10 2.2.1.6. Optional Product Pricing 10 2.2.1.7. Captive Product Pricing 10 2.2.1.8. Product Bundle Pricing 10 2.2.1.9. Promotional Pricing 11 2.2.1.0. Geographical Pricing 11 2.2.1.1. Value Pricing 11 2.3. Place (Distribution) Decisions 11 2.3.1. Six basic 'channel' decisions 12 2.3.2. Selection Consideration - how do we decide upon a distributor 12 2.3.3. Types of Channel Intermediaries 13 2.4. Promotion...
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...UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEÓN FACULTAD DE CONTADURIA PUBLICA Y ADMINISTRACION INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS PROGRAM Homework Marketing Profesor: Juan Carlo Garcia González Nombre: Guillermo Gomez Velazquez ID: 1580085 Gropo: 2Di Ciudad Uniersitaria de Nuevo León, 28 de Febrero, 2014 Allgenphones Allgen are new models of cell phones designed by Mx cell phones. Anyone can use it because of their easy and simple way of operate but are specialized in kids, elderly people and persons that cannot see. The special and specific technology of Allgen made them an essential product for the type of persons previous described. There are 3 models of the allgen line, the FF, FK and FG. The material which they are made makes them the most tough cell phones in the market Product A good, service or idea to satisfy the consumer's needs Allgen phones are specialized to satisfy the needs of certain kind of people and help them to facilitate their lives Price What is exchanged for the product? The price of the Allgen phones can be reachable for most people of their market. The price for Allgen FK is of 99.99 dollars, the FG price is 149.99 dollars and the FF is on 189.99 dollars. Their prices vary because of their different functions specialized in the mentioned people but is not very expensive compared with others kind of cell phones Promotion A means of communication between the seller and the buyer The promotion that Company Mx gives to allgen line consist in showing...
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...A brief summary of marketing and how it works Marketing and the 7Ps: A brief summary of marketing and how it work “ Marketing is the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably.” 2 Marketing and the 7Ps – © CIM 2015 Marketing and the 7Ps: A brief summary of marketing and how it work 01 is marketing? What Every product we buy, every store we visit, every media message we receive and every choice we make in our consumer society has been shaped by the forces of marketing. CIM (The Chartered Institute of Marketing) offers the following definition for marketing: “ The management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably.” Sometimes people assume marketing is just about advertising or selling, but this is not the whole story. It is a key management discipline that ensures producers of goods and services can interpret consumer desires and match, or exceed them. The marketing process is central to the business performance of companies, both large and small, because it addresses the most important aspects of the market. It is about understanding the competitive marketplace and ensuring you can tap into key trends, reaching consumers with the right product at the right price, place and time. Clever marketing has led to many recent business success stories - from pharmaceuticals to airlines, sports brands to food and drink, business-to-business companies to...
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...[pic] Name of Student: Davien A. Donald School: Glenmuir High School Registration #: 1000390605 Territory: Jamaica Year f Exam: June 2015 Teacher: Mrs. Grant Table of Content TITLE PAGE PAGE Introduction Acknowledgement Description of Business 5 Organization of Marketing Department 7 Market Research 11 Promotion Mix 21 Customer Complaint 26 Government Regulations 28 Ethical Issues 30 Biblioghraphy 31 INTRODUCTION Entrepreneurship drives any economy; for a business to be viable, it takes an individual with foresight, drive and enthusiasm for the business to be a success. It is therefore the intent of the business owner to join the food industry, which he believes has a very high growth potential. The business venture will be a Manufacturing Company, ‘Zens’ Manufacturer, which will be distributing healthy and affordable choices of products for the health conscious individual. The main aim of...
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...THE PRODUCT ‘P’ IS ALWAYS THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT ELEMENT IN THE MARKETING MIX Definition of Marketing Mix According to Philip Kotler - "Marketing Mix is the combination of four elements, called the 4P's (product, Price, Promotion, and Place), that every company has the option of adding, subtracting, or modifying in order to create a desired marketing strategy" Marketing Mix was first coined by Neil Bordon, the President of the American Marketing Association in 1953 and is referred to as the set of actions, used by a company or organisation to promote its product or service in the market. A typical Marketing Mix is made up of 4Ps – Product, Price, Promotion and Place. These 4 Ps were introduced by the marketer E. Jerome McCarthy in 1960 and since then they are being used worldwide by the marketers. Product A product is a good or service offered by the company to satisfy the demands of the consumer. Price Price is considered to be an amount charged by the seller for the product or service given to the buyer. Promotion The methods used by the marketer to bring the product into market and to create awareness among the people e.g. advertisement. Place Place is all about how the products reach its buyers for sale. A business can be profitable only when the right product with right price is made available to the right users. The Product ‘P’ is always the single most important element in the Marketing Mix Affirmative The product plays the most important role in...
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...How has Marketing at P&G changed from the time of the scope case to now? First of all I just want to say thank you for the opportunity to meet and have lunch with Marc Pritchard. It was an amazing and educational experience. The food was pretty good too. Marketing at Proctor and Gamble has changed significantly since the time of the scope case. They are no longer dealing with what to do with a new product entering the market. Something like that is the least of their concerns today. Today they are dealing with how to effectively use each and every platform available in order to get the idea of Proctor and Gamble’s different products into the consumer’s heads. Whether it’s the multiple different networks or the numerous blogs and websites, marketing has certainly become a lot more complicated since the scope case. I think that one of the most interesting things Marc said during his speech was a prediction. He said that there will never be another medium that completely dominates advertising. This is so true. He said as soon as one platform rises another one bumps it off. Constant change is where the world is at today. This is both scary and exciting. So what’s next for marketing? Customization. Being able to get a certain message to a certain person at the exact time that they are thinking about purchasing the type of product that you offer. That’s where marketing is heading and where marketing is now. “The art of creativity is not to reach everybody on a single dominant...
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...1 1.1 Procter and Gamble (P&G), as a whole 1 1.2 Procter & Gambles Sverige AB 1 2.0 Marketing Campaign 2 2.1 Overview 2 2.2 Campaign Impact 3 3.0 Marketing Strategy 3 3.1 Analysis of Advertisement in Sweden 3 3.1.1 Root Cause Analysis (RCA) 4 3.1.2 Proposed Solutions and Possible Outcomes 4 3.2 Barriers of Communication 4 4.0 SWOT Analysis of P&G Sverige AB 6 4.1Strength 6 4.2 Weakness 6 4.3 Opportunity 6 4.4 Threats 6 4.5 SWOT Matrix Analysis 7 5.0 Marketing mix analysis 7 5.1 Product analysis 7 5.2 Price Analysis 8 5.3 Place/Distribution Analysis 9 5.4 Promotion Analysis 9 6.0 Conclusion 9 7.0 Appendices 10 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Procter and Gamble (P&G), as a whole The Procter & Gamble Company (also known as P&G) initiated a partnership agreement between William Procter and James Gamble, at the year of 1837. The small business was initially a soap and candle shop, but now an American Multinational Company (MNC) for Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). P&G who has never neglected the importance of human capital and being passionately develop talents that show great curiosity, appreciation towards diversity, and flexibility in tackling tricky problems. With that, P&G has been rated as the Top 7 in the World’s Top Employers for New Grads at the year of 2014 (refer Figure 1). Comparing between Procter and Gamble (P&G), Colgate-Palmolive (CL), and Unilever, P&G is ranked the second most...
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...ideologies which include concepts and principles. However, the most important thing in business is marketing because it creates awareness to customers of the products of a business. As this is the case, managing directors and marketing managers should always make sure that they employ effective marketing principles in attracting customers and retaining them. The objective of marketing is to retain existing customers and attracting new ones. Business is about satisfying customers and thus increasing their activity with your business. As in most business sectors there is tough competition meaning that businesses can only gain competitive advantage when they are effective in marketing & good customer service, which includes creating good rapport via public relations. However, this is not as easy as it sounds and much work has to be done in order to attain it. Customers will make choices of where to go for goods or services based on many things - including their perception of the attitudes of employees. Four main aspects have been selected as the main determinants of the success of any business. They include the place where the business is located, the product(s) itself, the price of the product and the manner in which the company promotes its products. A combination of the 4 P’s and a PEST analysis are likely to improve or produce excellent results. Introduction Applying marketing principles are the building blocks in business growth and provide a business with in-depth exposure...
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...or 2.074 = = .43, p-value = .6703. There is not enough evidence to infer that the population means differ. b Equal-variances test statistic Rejection region: –2.074 or 2.074 = = .04, p-value = .9716. There is not enough evidence to infer that the population means differ. c The value of the test statistic decreases and the p-value increases. d Equal-variances test statistic Rejection region: –1.960 or 1.960 = = 1.53, p-value = .1282. There is not enough evidence to infer that the population means differ. e The value of the test statistic increases and the p-value decreases. f Rejection region: –2.074 or 2.074 = = .72, p-value = .4796. There is not enough evidence to infer that the population means differ. g The value of the test statistic increases and the p-value decreases. 13.7 a Unequal-variances estimator = 64.8 (rounded to 65, approximated by ) = (63 – 60) 1.667 = 3 4.59 b Unequal-variances estimator = 63.1 (rounded to 63, approximated by ) = (63 – 60) 1.671 = 3 10.38 c The interval widens. d Unequal-variances estimator = 131 (approximated by ) = (63 – 60) 1.656 = 3 3.22 e The interval narrows. 13.8 = 0 0 a Unequal-variances test statistic = 200.4 (rounded to 200) Rejection region: = = .62, p-value = .2689. There is not enough evidence to infer that is greater than . b Unequal-variances test statistic = 223.1 (rounded to 223) Rejection region: = = 2.46, p-value = .0074. There is...
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...Belonging through relationships Meaning: A sense of belonging can be forstered through relationships this may be strengthened or broken down. Quote: Rosiland and Celia "To you I give myself for i am yours" 5.4.101 Conversation between rosiland and celia are witty and help us to understanf their friendship as close- as they banter between each other- we seee values and ideas to the society they belong to. Some characters choose not to Belong Meaning: Where most people choose to belong to a place or a person, some people choose not to belong at all. Quote: Jacques to Duke Senior "So to your pleasures; i am for other than for dancing measures" Jacques refuses Dukes invite to stay with him and his men and chooses to leave to go find the self-exiled Duke frederick. Jacques is seen to belong to himself rather than anything else. Belonging to a society or place Meaning: A person that finds pleasure or enjoyment in where they are rather than who they are with. Shown in As You Like It as a bad lifestyle. Technique: Shakespeare shows his discomfort to this lifestyle. This is shown through the murderous intentions of Duke Frederick and Oliver, who at first find their belonging to the court, until they are changed in the Forest of Ardern. Belonging to family Meaning: Where someone feels a sense of attachment to someone due to a family connection. Example: When Oliver is about to be attacked by a lion, Orlando his brother saves him, even though he knew Oliver had been sent...
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...what they can afford to buy; or even what they think they can afford to buy. With the economy being where it is right now, most people are also looking at the benefits that the car may offer, such as having low gas mileage. The hypothesis test will determine the percentage of imported cars sold at the dealership. In the conclusion, the hypothesis will either be accepted or rejected after determining the actual probability. The level of significance to be used for this calculation is .05 or 95% confidence level. Numerical Hypothesis X1: Selling price in dollars X2: Selling price in thousands of dollars X3: Age of buyer X4: 0=Domestic, 1=Imported 80 Autos Sold Ho- p= .5 (The true hypothesis should be that out of the 80 cars that were sold, 40 of them should be imported cars.) Ha- p < .5 or p > .5 (The actual statement states that out of the 80 cars sold, the number of imported cars will either be less than 40 or more than 40.) Verbal Hypothesis The percentage of imported cars sold at the Whitner Autoplex dealership should be 50%. Since the dealership carries both imported cars and domestic cars, the probability of the number of cars sold should be even, 50% imported -50% domestic. In the conclusion this hypothesis will be accepted or rejected. We tested the Autoplex data to determine the 90% and 95% chance that the cars sold on the lot are...
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...The Hedonist Perspective - Ursa Minor Beta Eroticon To live the ‘good life’- meaning to live a life of satisfaction in our everyday lives, one must compel to live and practice a life of pleasure. Living a life of pleasure refers to the actions, and thoughts, one must take in order for that fulfillment to be reached. The attainment of pleasure depends on the individual’s perception of what it means to feel pleasured. For example, one individual may be pleasured by the action of collecting comic books, while another individual may be pleasured by tearing apart comic books. In this case, it is to do whatever one must feel comfortable doing in order to reach the final end. The ultimate end is pleasure. The best form of pleasure to be practiced is to be peaceful, and negotiable to whatever the action the individual may take on. This practice is beneficial to move further away from negative forms of pain, and instead enhance all sectors of life to the best form it can be. Nature has placed species all around the universe under two sectors of governance – Pain and Pleasure. Pain inflicts negative unpleasant experiences and feelings of guilt, remorse, aches, and discomfort. Pleasure inflicts delight, satisfaction, enjoyment, and elation. Virtue allows us to be free from forms of pain, and disturbing events. Practising the pleasure sector governs our perception of life in the most positive format. We are able to distinguish our morals by what gives us the most pleasure in what we do...
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...de 0 a n * Para encontrar cuantas maneras hay de seleccionar x objetos entre n objetos se utiliza la regla de las combinaciones. * Para encontrar probabilidades: X≥ 3 = prob de 4 +3 x≤3 = prob de 2+3 x> 3 = prob de 4 x< 3= prob de 0+1+2 * La forma de probabilidad binomial depende de los valores n y p, siempre que p=0.5 la distribución binomial es simétrica, sin importar que tan grande o pequeña sea n. cuando es diferente de 0.5 es asimétrica. * 5.32 Cual es el significado del valor esperado de una distribución de probabilidad? R/: La media de una distribución de probabilidad es el valor esperado. Para calcularlo se multiplica cada resultado posible de x por su probabilidad correspondiente y luego se suman los productos. 5.33 Cuales son las cuatro propiedades que se requieren de una situación para utilizar la distribución binomial? R/:La distribución binomial se utiliza cuando la variable aleatoria es el numero de éxitos en una muestra, compuesta por n observaciones. Las propiedades son: * La muestra debe tener un numero fijo de observaciones n * Cada observación se clasifica en éxito (P) o fracaso (1-P) * La probabilidad de que una observación se clasifique como exitosa es constante de una observación a otra, al igual que la probabilidad de que sea un fracaso * El resultado de cualquier observación es independiente de cualquier otra. 5.34 Cuales son las cuatro propiedades que se requieren de una situación para utilizar...
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...variables such as marital, eservice, plusservice and totalservice we use the log-rank test of equality across strata which is a non-parametric test. For the continuous variables such as age, address, income, education, employment, and reside we use a univariate Cox proportional hazard regression which is a semi-parametric model. Univariate analysis We consider the Chi-squared test for age, address, income, education, and employ. All the variables have p-values of 0.0000 thus age, address, income, education, and employ are the potential candidate for the final model since the p-value is less than our cut-off value of 0.2. But we get different result in case of reside. We consider the Chi-squared test for reside which has a p-value of 0.5413 thus reside is not a potential candidate for the final model since the p-value is more than our cut-off value of 0.2. The log-rank test of equality across strata for the predictor marital has a p-value of 0.0136, thus marital will be included as a potential candidate for the final model because this p-value is still less than our cut-off of 0.2. From the graph (exhibit 1), we see that the survival function for each group of married or unmarried people are not perfectly parallel but separate except at the very beginning and at the very end. [pic] [pic] Exhibit 1: Kaplan-Meier Survival estimates for marital Exhibit 2:...
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...A Generation of Young Christians 1. We are always right and we never accept correction..A corrector is seen as an enemy 2. We love to sing in church, but do not read our bibles at home 3. We are full of lust, sensuality and emotions and we call it love 4. we want to have wonderful marriages, but by the time we are 25years we've spent almost ten years in relationships already. Sometimes we may have had more boy lovers and girl lovers than even our parents. 5. Sexual activities are now part of our relationships calling it romance 6. we want to be rich in life, meanwhile we spent all our finances on the latest ipads, iphone, galaxies, htcs, laptops, cameras etc which in many cases we use less than 30% of their functions 7. We do not pay our tithes and offerings claiming we are students 8. We say we are christian women but dress like hollywood stars and we call it fashion 9. We love pleasures rather than God 10. In church you will see us with our hands lifted up singing slow songs which we call worship but on our phones in our pockets, you will see pics of naked and half naked women, hip hop, hip life and we have a nice way of justifying it. 11. We are hardly convicted when we go to church because our hearts have been hardened by the deceitfulness of sin and pride...etc etc etc But God forsaw this and warned us in 2Tim. 3.. That in the last days men and women will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient...
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