...There were only a few jobs that African Americans could have during the 1800s and 1900s. However, many African Americans were trying to enter higher working positions and many became the first in their profession. Mary Eliza Mahoney, for example, became the first African American nurse and was a role model for nurses all over the world. She was able to achieve her goals and so much more by not caring what people thought of her, being determined, and being dedicated to what she wanted to do. Mary Eliza Mahoney was born on May 7th, 1845 in Boston, Massachusetts. Her parents were freed slaves from North Carolina and they moved north to try to get away from the Civil War that was about to start. Mary was the oldest of their three children and she was one of the first to attend Phillips School in Boston when it integrated in 1855. During her teenage years, she knew that she wanted to be a nurse, so she worked at the New England Hospital for...
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...todays nurses do not face those same obstacles. I used Machiavelli’s quote because I feel today’s nurses are “animated by the same passions” (Machiavelli) as our predecessors. The first trend would be the transition of the nursing profession from a job only military, lay religious orders and undesirables fulfilled, with little or subsidized pay, to the highly recognized and desired profession it is today. Thanks to hard work of woman like Florence Nightingale and so many of the early nurses listed in The Nursing Timeline of Historical Events. “Every woman is a nurse” (Nightingale 1959 pg. 8) The second trend I feel has an impact on me as an African American nurse. Mary Eliza Mahoney, the first black American professional nurse and pioneer, paved the way for future African American nurses. Mary Mahoney and Mabel Keaton Staupers along with the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses fought to end segregation and restricted membership of African American nurses to state and national nurses association. The NACGN fought for almost 50 years to end the social, economic, and professional injuries inflicted on African-American graduate nurses (Staupers, 1951). The third trend would be Mildred Montag’s introduction of the Associates Degree Nurse. This transformed nursing education then and now. Her vision to implement different levels of nursing to fill need for nurses during the nursing shortage after World War II. Current demographics reveal that associate degree...
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...Today, I will be giving you information about the first African American nurse; her name is Mary Eliza Mahoney. Mary was in the medical field that’s what made her important to a lot of black people that couldn’t be able to do or even be a nurse anything of that nature. She is important to black history because she was the first African American get her degree in nursing field she had attended in Memorial health center in Oklahoma City and also Indiana University Northwest, was inducted into the American Nurses Association Hall of Fame in 1976 and to the National Women’s Hall of Fame and she also co-founded of the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses that is changing half of the paths for many black women as change. She also was a civil...
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...holistically, and considered the impact of the environmental conditions on the person’s physical, intellectual, psychological and spiritual components”** 1873 – Linda Richards is graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and officially becomes America's First Trained Nurse. According to "American Association for the History of Nursing" (n.d.), "Linda Richards is generally recognized as the first training nurse in the United States. But her entire career was marked by pioneering work. (para. 1). 1879 – Mary Eliza Mahoney is graduated from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and becomes the first black professional nurse in the U.S. “Her professionalism helped raise the status of all nurses. At a time when nurses were often assigned domestic chores as well as nursing duties, she refused to take her meals with household staff. As he reputation spread, Mahoney received requests from patients as far away as New Jersey, Washington, D.C., and North Carolina.” ("Pbs Wttw11", 2003) 1909 – The American Red Cross Nursing Service is formed by founder Clara Barton. “At age 60, she founded the American Red Cross in 1881 and led it for the next 23 years. According to American Red Cross (n.d.), “Her understanding of the needs of people in distress and the ways in which she could provide help to them guided her throughout her life. In addition to leading the Red Cross, Barton maintained interests in other fields...
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...why it is so important to continue learning. We are the future of nursing and will be pioneers to the nurses that follow us after we are long gone. This foundation and history that previous nurses have left us with helps me with how I care for my patients, from planning, organizing, educating, and discharge and beyond because of them. Now I understand where they came from. There is so much context in nursing it’s difficult to pick one topic. Lecture 2 (2011). For the second question, on the three trends; the first one for me that I identified with was Mary Eliza Mahoney, and how she helped minority nurses in this field, I also was the only nurse out of 4 to graduate from my LPN program, and talk about discrimination, WOW! There was lots of it and lots of segregation in a cliques which still continues on to this day, it’s like I have to work harder than others to prove myself, so yes I understand that aspect. Much Kudos for Mary and Mabel Keaton Staupers. On the second trend, if that’s what you want to call it that I also identified with was with Walter “Walt” Whitman who had a true spirit and heart of a nurse, it is rare to find a nurse like that with devotion and compassion, but when I see it, it blows me away, I read his poem “The Wound Dresser” and felt like that many times. And finally for the...
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...the nursing profession, publishes “Notes on Nursing: “What it is and what it is not.” 1861 - Sally Louisa Thompkins opened a confederate soldier’s hospital in which she was the first female officer in the United States Army. 1873 – Linda Richards graduates from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and becomes America’s first trained nurse. 1879 – Mary Eliza Mahoney graduates from the New England Hospital for Women and Children Training School for Nurses and becomes the first black American nurse. 1881 – Clara Barton established the American Red Cross. 1893 – Lillian Wald, founded the Visiting Nurse Service in New York. 1896 – The American Nurses Association (ANA) was founded. 1901 – The establishment of the United States Army Nursing Corps (NC). 1908 – The establishment of the United States Navy Nurse Corps. 1923 - The Yale School of Nursing was the first school in the United States with autonomy by having their own dean, faculty, budget, and degree standards. The Yale School of Nursing curriculum was based on an educational plan. 1949 – Mary Elizabeth Carnegie was the first black person elected to the Florida Nurses Association (FNA) with the right to speak and vote. 1952 – Hildegard Peplau, introduced the Interpersonal Relations Theory. 1961 – Ida Jean Orlando formulated the nursing process. 1970 – Martha E. Rogers identified the basic science of nursing as the science of...
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...2012 Doing business in a more transparent world C O M PA R I N G R E G U L AT I O N F O R D O M E S T I C F I R M S I N 1 8 3 E C O N O M I E S © 2012 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www.worldbank.org All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 08 07 06 05 A copublication of The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation. This volume is a product of the staff of the World Bank Group. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818...
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