...studio He never had problems telling them apart - Sophia, Maude, Cassandra, Sinbad, Costello, Tatiana, Hamlet, Icarus, Jezebel or the dozen or so children by the secondary mothers. 'Lucrezia!' he'd call out, without turning his head. 'O mercy to myself I cried, if Lucy should be dead!' There he'd be at his easel, dressed in a spattered blue shirt like the one Kirk Douglas wore in Lust for Life, surrounded by the paintings that he turned out so effortlessly. Portraits mostly - not just of women, though these were his most famous. The faces of madmen and vagrants from his Dublin sketchbooks, and of his own children when they were young. Sometimes he even said she was named after Lucian Freud, that cold fish, just to tease her. Lucian Freud! The London establishment. To Ridley, painting was just a fragment of what he was about. His great enterprise was the gathering of hidden knowledge, and for him the true meaning of art transcended craftsmanship. All of his offspring were talented. Costello was playing Horatio at the Old Vic. Tatiana's first novel was on the Booker shortlist, while Cassandra was a furniture designer and Icarus a potter. Only Lucia had chosen a more conventional career. She taught at a school in a small town far away. She loved the bright eyes and the squirrelling bodies of the little children. Many of them arrived at reception class barely able to talk or answer to their own names. Most of them had never sat down at a table to eat. Yet she...
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...“Then the sea breathed again in a long, slow sigh, the water boiled white and pink over the rock; and when it went, sucking back again, the body of Piggy was gone” (Golding 181). Piggy, along with Jack, Ralph, Amnesic and Roger are all main characters from the novel The Lord of the Flies. This novel was written by William Golding during the world war two. British boys, aging from six to twelve, violently crashed into a hostile island. During impact the only known adult died and the children then had to fend for themselves. Order and democracy start to fade when savagery begins to engulf the island. By portraying violent behavior towards each other, it can result in the loss of civilization. The loss of civilization was sprinkled everywhere throughout the entire novel...
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...Published in 1860. The novel is almost an autobiographical novel for Charles Dickens since many of his early life's experiences are echoed in the novel. Like Dickens, Pip the main protagonist who lived in Kent, the marsh country,works at a job he hated and believes himself to be too good for his surroundings and expeirences material success at a very early age. Infact it portrays the conditions of the early nineteenth century. Great Expectations depicts a process, a journey of growing, maturation and self-discovery through experience and perceptions as the protagonist transcends from childhood to adulthood as experienced by Pip. Dickens' childhood experience, which included such episodes as the time he spent in the blacking factory, his life alone while his father was in debtor's prison and the neglect of his education, made him very aware of the vulnerability of childhood.Dickens has dramatized the importance of childhood perception within the social world of the early nineteenth century. As we look into the novel, Dicken has portrayed that the child is being wronged by the adult around him and ends with the child doing penance in the end according to the novel we have studied. It begins with Pip as the victim of adults and the societys' corruption and ignorance at large. Though the novel like "Great Expectations and "David Copperfield" are mostly a recollections by the narator in adulthood, Dicken has placed much importance on the perception of children and as well as accepts...
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...the evil of mankind during the holocaust. Wiesel believes it is important for people today to read this book because they need to be shown how important it is not to keep silent and let something like the holocaust happen again. Elie has some of the most marvelous figurative language throughout the novel, starting off with some metaphors. Elie and the rest of the block are running to a peculiar concentration camp, with no rest Elie starts having speculation of what will happened if he stops running. “ A great ideal wave of men came rolling onward and would have crushed me like an ant” (87). No analysis How does this relate to the author’s purpose? The next phase awkward phrase is about when there was two cauldrons of soup in the middle of the road with no one to guard it. “Two lambs with hundreds of wolves lying in the wait for them. Two lambs without a shepherd, free for the taking. But who would dare?” (59) Have you ever been so mad at someone that everytime you talk to them you questioned them with anger or say their name with a raucous tone? Well, Elie has when the block started praying, Elie started thinking why would he pray for someone that cause thousands of children to burn in His mass graves. “Why, but why would I bless Him? Every fiber in my rebelled.” (67) His the one that created Auschwitz, Birkenau, Buna, and so many other factories. “ How could I say to Him: Blessed be thou, Almighty,...
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...the characters' names or plots of the creations from the Bible directly. Sometimes they make some changes on the original stories. Sometimes they quote stories directly from the Bible as the writing materials. Second, they make use of symbolic meaning of the Bible by some technical such as simile, metaphor and symbolism, so that the stories could exert a great influence on contrasting with the new products. Third, they merge the plots of the Bible to give connotative efforts to the readers. Exploring the methods helps us know the western culture and consciousness, have a good appreciation and study for the English-American literature. key words: English-American literature ; the Bible; methods 《圣经》在英美文学作品中的影响 摘要 作为基督教的经典，《圣经》对英美文化影响深远，为英美文化创作提供了永恒的母题。英美作家化用《圣经》故事的主要方法有：直接引用《圣经》中的人名作为作品的人物名称，或直接引用《圣经》故事或对原型故事进行变形或处理，作为创作素材；通过比喻，隐喻或象征等手法，把《圣经》故事的寓意融汇到作品情节中或人物性格里，使这些故事发挥有力的陪衬作用；使作品中的人物，故事和情节与《圣经》故事大体对应，让《圣经》能穿越时空的限制，从而发挥隐含的参照作用。 探讨英美作家化用《圣经》的方法，有助于我们了解英美文化的思想意识，更好的学习，欣赏乃至研究英美文学作品。 关键词：英美文学；《圣经》；方式 Contents 1.Introduction………………………………………………………………..……1 2. The Bible's Influence on English-American literature 2.1 Quoting the Bible directly………………………………….………………2 2.2 Using the symbolic meaning of the Bible…………………..……………....3 2.3 Merging the plots of the Bible………………………………………….…..5 3. The reasons of the Bible’s influence on English-American literature………....7 4. Conclusion...
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...tragedies in the play, and many of the other characters in the novel are forced into similarly horrific circumstances as a result of Medea’s actions. These characters are often killed, or left distraught either by Medea’s hand or through related events. The knowledge of Medea being the cause of other’s harm and misfortune contributes to her role as a tragic hero, and to the overall tragic vision of the play. Throughout the play, there appears to be three different ways that Medea causes tragedy in the lives of others. One of such ways that Medea causes tragedy is through direct actions unto others....
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...Africans in Song of Solomon The central myth in Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon is that of flight. This myth ties directly into the Exodus story of the Bible, where flight is understood as escape from the oppression of slavery. The main purpose of this myth of flight in the novel is to give hope to African Americans during a time where racial tensions are very much a part of their everyday lives. In this essay, I will argue that the myth of flight plays both a positive and negative role throughout this novel. It plays a positive role in that it seems to give Milkman a sort of pride in his ancestors that he did not have before he learned of the myth of Solomon’s Leap. Milkman, after learning about his parents’ marriage from both his mother and father, seems to shun his family and lose interest in his people that came before him, but after hearing about his great grandfather, he becomes proud of his lineage and gains a sense of liberation from the life he has led up to this point. However, while this myth of flight enables Morrison’s male protagonist to thrive, there are also negative consequences that Morrison asks us to consider, namely the effects of this myth on the ones left behind, the women and children. The Exodus story tells of the Israelites, who were being held as slaves in Egypt until they were liberated from their oppression by Moses, who was sent by God. The story tells of their flight from Egypt into the wilderness and, after many years of wandering, their eventual...
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...How effectively does Golding anticipate de conflicting forces of good and evil at the beginning of the novel? In the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding permanently creates situations where good and evil are confronted. This contrast is made evident through different resources: behaviour of the characters, forces of nature, metaphors, contrasts and other literary devices. These dense forces flow within a primitive environment where leadership based on physical superiority will take over the ethical principles of civilisation. Conflicts between good and evil, represented through the contrasts of civilization versus savagery, order against chaos, and reason in opposition to impulse, will take over the island and pull the children apart. But how does the author introduce us to this rivarly and what is he trying to show us? I would say that Golding’s approach, so as to make the reader perceive the permanent parallel between good and evil, runs along three strategic lines or levels. The first way in which he approaches the conflicting forces involves actual behaviours of the children that bring forth good or evil ways. These are built upon the characters’ actions which are based on their values, morals and ethics. By doing this, Golding begins to expose the theory that there is always a power struggle present in human beings. This is firstly unmasked in pages 29 to 30. When the time arrives to choose a leader, Jack blurts, "I ought to be chief because I'm chapter chorister...
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...Synopsis Born on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, Toni Morrison is a Nobel Prize- and Pulitzer Prize-winning American novelist, editor and professor. Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue and richly detailed black characters. Among her best known novels are The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon and Beloved. Morrison has won nearly every book prize possible. She has also been awarded honorary degrees. Early Career Born Chloe Anthony Wofford on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, Toni Morrison was the second oldest of four children. Her father, George Wofford, worked primarily as a welder, but held several jobs at once to support the family. Her mother, Ramah, was a domestic worker. Morrison later credited her parents with instilling in her a love of reading, music, and folklore. Living in an integrated neighborhood, Morrison did not become fully aware of racial divisions until she was in her teens. "When I was in first grade, nobody thought I was inferior. I was the only black in the class and the only child who could read," she later told a reporter from The New York Times. Dedicated to her studies, Morrison took Latin in school, and read many great works of European literature. She graduated from Lorain High School with honors in 1949. At Howard University, Morrison continued to pursue her interest in literature. She majored in English, and chose the classics for her minor. After graduating from Howard in 1953, Morrison continued her education at Cornell...
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...Stephen Hissner ENG 208 April 28th 2014 Genital Jail: The Confinement of Chatterley’s At first glance, “Lady Chatterley’s Lover” isn’t just another novel about finding true love with a happy ending. D.H. Lawrence implemented his philosophy into it for the sole purpose for readers to experience and be aware of the world around them. A few of the major topics in the novel is the relationship between the body and the mind, and the sexual freedom of an individual. However, many problems arise between characters that consist of physical and internal conflicts. These conflicts cause characters to be unable to escape each other and themselves. In the novel, Constance and Clifford Chatterley are physically trapped within their marriage, their own bodies and pride. At times, there are characters that are pulled into the confinement causing more endless suffering with the Chatterley’s. Constance “Connie” Chatterley is a woman full of independence and free-will. Emma Wisniewski stated that Connie embodied “the quintessential modern woman: engaged entirely in the life of the mind, dwelling wholly in the upper realm Berry speaks of.” (Wisniewski). However, she is often depressed and trapped in a crumbling marriage. She feels stuck with her husband and desperately seeks a way out. Connie eventually falls into an affair with Oliver Mellors. She soon pleads with Clifford for divorce, which he detests. To Connie, Clifford makes “eternity sound like a lid or a long, long chain that...
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...childhood and her interaction with her mother (Precious Auntie).To the Young family healing is more than physical it is emotional. The conflict between mother to daughter fractures them like bones- shattered, broken, and painful; yet with those ruptured pieces, they heal and sculpt themselves into strong women. No matter how broken, they may be, they will always heal and come unit to become stronger than steel. The conflict happening in The Bonesetter’s Daughter revolves around all of the mistakes the family has made leaving them worried causing them to try to prevent the same mistake from occurring again. They are too fearful to even close their eyes because they fear their future generation will make the same mistake causing pressure to the children resulting in extreme and horrendous conflict. The conflict is crucial to the whole story because it shows character development, feelings, and how it sculpts the characters as a whole. Mistakes don’t explain the past, but tell the future instead “[y]ou should think about your character. Know where you are changing, how you will be changed, what cannot be changed again” (295), as Precious Auntie says this she explains that the mistakes made do not define them but the changes which are made from the mistakes do . The young family has had mistakes done by conflict for generations the main conflict began between LuLing and her real mother, Precious Auntie this is conveyed by displaying that LuLing's nursemaid, Precious Auntie, left with no...
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...Кафедра іноземної філології Literary and Social Concerns in the Novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens CONTENTS |INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………… |3 | |PART 1. A review of literary and social concerns in the novels of William Thackeray and Charles Dickens………………………………………………… | | |1.1. Social concerns as a mirror of current literature in the XIX century…. |4 | |1.2. Social and literary problems in “Vanity Fair” by William Thackeray... |4 | |1.3. Art, veracity and moral purpose in “Oliver Twist” by Charles Dickens |5 | |Conclusion ……….…………………………………………………………….. |7 | |PART 2. Approaches and manners of the social problems transmission………. |10 | |2.1. The problem of poverty and social inequalty in society. The authors’ approach to this |11 | |problem............................................................................... ...
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...The Bridge on the Drina By: Ivo Andric See how Mehmed Pasha, the greatest among the wise and great of his time, Mindful of the testament of his heart, by his care and toil Has built a bridge over the River Drina, Over this water, deep and swift-flowing. His predecessors had not been able to put up anything. I pray that by the Mercy of Allah this bridge will be firm And that its existence will be passed in happiness And that it will never know sorrow. For in his lifetime he poured out gold and silver for his bequest And no man can say that fortune has been wasted Which has been spent to such an end. Badi, who has seen this, when the bridge was completed gave this tarah. “May Allah bless this building, this wonderful and beautiful bridge.” (68) Published in 1945, the novel, The Bridge on the Drina, is a moving, semi-fictional account of a bridge over the river Drina in Bosnia. Set in the small village/town of Višegrad, the novel spans from the late sixteenth century to the beginning of the First World War. Written in anecdotal style, The Bridge on the Drina relates the suffering of various peoples in relation to the bridge. The extended metaphor of a decaying bridge, paralleled with a decaying Ottoman Empire is an extremely intriguing one, one that captures and retains the reader’s attention. At the book’s conclusion, the bridge is destroyed by the Austrians, who blow an enormous hole in the center of it at the beginning of World War I; much like the Ottoman...
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...Alternate History, History and Historical Elements in “Flight” Flight the novel by Sherman Alexie itself is a travel through time. Although the novelist makes references to historical events in the book, this work cannot be called as historical fiction. Rather it falls into the category of Alternate history. It belongs to the genre where the author alters events that really happened in the past and sets his plot in the resulting changes. In the case of Flight, the novel can be called speculative fiction with a heavy dose of history and historical elements. In this narrative of Zits’ story, the author makes the protagonist jump into different historical identities. Zits does this as he travels through time and revisits history. Zits understanding of violence changes as he travels through these different...
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...Art as Technique 1. Defamiliarization is stripping objects or subjects from their individual or “familiar” characteristics and giving them unusual or “unfamiliar” traits to allow the reader to see it in a whole new perspective. An example of this is in Tolstoy's defamiliarization of spanking, explaining the act as “to strip people who have broken the law, to hurl them to the floor, and to rap on their bottoms with switches.” The crude description removes the disciplinary context it had and creates a vicious and “savage” form of abuse. This continues with Tolstoy saying “Just why precisely this stupid, savage means of causing pain and not any other – why not prick the shoulders or any part of the body with needles, squeeze the hands or the feet in a vice, or anything like that?” The initial reaction to the latter quote is condemning its barbaric nature. However upon thinking that, it exposes several contradictions and hypocritical opinions as the only thing that changed in both scenarios was the form of punishment, not the infliction of pain on the child itself. Like Shklovsky said “the object isn’t important,” it is the connotations it conveys. 2. The concept is quite prevalent in feminist literature, specifically in the feminist critique in which most, if not all, the female characters are produced by men and male-oriented literature. However, gynocriticism isn’t immune to this technique as it could easily be exploited to further “radical feminism”. In the feminist...
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