...Task 5 A. Explain what the methyl red test determines. Methyl red test is used to determine whether bacteria can perform mixed-acid fermentations when supplied with glucose (Ramakrishnan, & Sulochana, 2012). Methyl red test shows positive when the culture medium turns red after methyl red is added, because of a pH level of 4.4 or below from the fermentation of glucose. On the other hand, methyl red test is negative when the culture medium remains yellow, which occurs when little acid is produced due to the glucose being fermented i.e. high pH level of 6.0 or above. B. Explain what the Voges-Proskauer test determines. Voges-Proskauer test is used to identify enteric bacteria based on how they metabolize glucose. The enteric bacteria’s that produce neutral end-products, such as acetoin are detected by VP test (Ramakrishnan, & Sulochana, 2012). Positive test: acetoin + alpha-naphthol + KOH = red color. Negative test: alpha-naphthol +KOH = copper color (Ramakrishnan, & Sulochana, 2012). C. Discuss which of your organisms, if any, fermented glucose. S. epidermidis came out positive for glucose fermentation. D. Discuss which of your organisms, if any, produced measurable acidic by-products. Escherichia coli and s. epidermidis was tested and produced measurable acidic by-products from the experiment performed. E. Explain why organisms...
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...Methyl Red Voges-Proskauer Test Lab Tetia Richardson Microbiology DL3: Instructor Newton 3/29/2015 PURPOSE This experiment is designed to become familiar with and perform the MR-VP biochemical test, learn variations in how different organisms metabolize glucose, and to become familiar with and perform the catalase biochemical test. Materials Used 10% bleach solution Hydrogen peroxide Paper towels Saved E. coli culture Stock culture: S. epidermidis Gloves Candle used for a flame source Test Tube Test Tube rack Pipet Slide-Box-MBK with blank slides 2 Broth, MR-VP - 5 mL 1 Barritt’s A Reagent - 3 mL in Pipet 1 Barritt’s B Reagent - 3 mL in Pipet Methyl Red Reagent, 0.1% - 1 mL in Pipet 1 Inoculation Loop, Plastic 1 Mask with Earloops PROCEDURE Exercise 1 Procedural Steps The saved E. coli culture and S. epidermidis stock culture was incubated 12-24 hours prior to the start of the experiment. The work area was disinfected with 10% bleach solution. The MR-VP tubes were labeled: one E coli and the other S epidermidis. Each MR-VP broth tube was inoculated with the corresponding organism using aseptic techniques. The tubes were incubated for 48 hours at 35oC-37oC The reagents were allowed to warm to room temperature Two test tubes were labeled E. coli and two test tubes were labeled S. Epidermidis Half (2.5 mL) of the incubated MR-VP broth labeled E. coli was transferred into the two corresponding test tubes. This was repeated for the...
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...Medication Critique Tammy Beaty Grand Canyon University NUR-641 September 24, 2013 Medication Critique Pepto Bismol (Pepto) is a popular gastrointestinal medication that has been around since the early 1900s (History of Pepto Bismoth, 2013). It is an over the counter medication that is found in many households. Proctor and Gamble is the pharmaceutical company behind this medication. The company has presented many catchy advertisements over the years. The marketing team began with advertising the claims that Pepto is the stomach first aid medication, and aids in relief of most stomach issues (2013). An active ingredient in Pepto is bismuth. This was used in as a salve as early as 1733, and in digested form in Europe in the 1700’s (Bierer, 1990). In the early twentieth century a doctor came up with a mixture of pepsin, zinc salts, salol, wintergreen oil, and a pink color, and promoted it as an agent to treat Cholera Infantum (History of Pepto Bismoth, 2013). The added wintergreen flavor, and pink color was chosen to be appealing to children, as this was the targeted population (1990). This was an illness that affected infants, resulting in diarrhea, vomiting that could be fatal (2013). Following the promotion of this medication, evidence showed that this illness was caused by a bacteria that was treatable with antibiotics (2013). The pink liquid known as Pepto Bismoth in 1919 (2013) changed slightly since this time, however it still claims to provide relief from the same...
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...On the night December 3rd, one of the worst industrial accidents in history occurred in Bhopal, India. A gas leak spread throughout the streets of Bhopal and devastated all of the inhabitants in the area; at least 3800 of the residents were immediately killed. The gas that leaked was known as methyl isocyanate (MIC). An estimate of forty tons of the gas was leaked. The death toll quickly rose to the tens of thousands in the following days. The total count of people affected is close to half million people. Many questions arose from this incident, such as how and why it happened and how it could avoided. The Indian government had hopes in industrializing the nation. The Indian government implemented policies that would attract foreign companies to invest in local industry. One of the companies that invested was a large chemical producing company called the Union Carbide Corporation (UCC). The company built a plant that produced a commonly used pesticide, Sevin, in Bhopal. The...
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...The Imperial Sugar Company was once known for the vast amounts of sugar they produced, but they are now equally known for the explosion that occurred in 2008. The two main contributing factors of the explosion were poor maintenance and human error. Due to lack of maintenance, the building caught fire, taking fourteen lives and injuring thirty-six. On February 7, 2008, in Port Wentworth, Georgia, an explosion erupted which caused a chain reaction of explosions at the Imperial Sugar Company. This explosion took the lives of fourteen workers. As this explosion was investigated, CSB (Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board) found that this explosion was building up over time without anyone knowing it. This company wasn’t very good at keeping the floor and workstations clean. Sugar was spilled on the floor daily. The workers also used an airbrush to clean off the workstation, which would send sugar dust particles everywhere. They didn’t have proper ventilation systems to circulate this dust so it just built up. Over time the fine sugar particles packed into tight places such as on top of beams or light fixtures. This process was a major cause in the secondary explosion but it’s not what caused the initial ignition. The main cause happened on a conveyor belt under the sugar silos in a tunnel. This conveyor belt would sometimes get clogged with sugar blocks and cause sugar to fall to the ground and push the particles into the air. This wasn’t a problem for a while because the...
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...binds to erythrocytes in the bloodstream, inorganic lead is distributed through blood, soft tissue, bones and teeth. Organic forms of Pb are fat-soluble. The half-lives for lead in blood, soft tissue and bone are approximately. (7) 25 days, 40 days and, 25 years respectively. It accrues over a period time, being released very slowly. In the blood, Pb is mostly associated with erythrocytes. The image above shows basophilic granules in RBCs, resulting from the interference of Pb with the sulphydryl groups responsible for the correct (7) function of the enzymes responsible for synthesizing haemoglobin. (PBG Synthase, Porphobilinogen Deaminase, and others) It’s most adverse effects occur in the nervous system, where Pb blocks the receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate, in the maturation of brain plasticity. The toxicity of Pb plays a vital role in the communication between neurons and endothelial cells. By passing over the blood-brain barrier, it can cause encephalitis and oedema that (3) primarily affects the cerebellum. Foetal neurons in utero are at an exceptionally high risk of Pb poisoning because the immature endothelial cells provide minimal protection to Pb and thus allowing Pb to enter the brain. Intracellularly, Pb substitutes calcium as a second messenger, binding with calmodulin more eagerly than calcium, causing a modification in protein conformation. This varied conformation leads protein kinases to phosphorylate and activate substrate-molecules, which modify various cellular...
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...Analyzing Poem At first the only aspect that really stood out to me in the poem, I Shall Paint My Nails Red, was the acts of a woman talking about feminine things that woman like to do to change up their appearance. After thoroughly analyzing this poem I came to the realization that it was much deeper than that. Every line of this poem is a distinct statement filled with self-expression and confidence. I Shall Paint My Nails Red by Carole Satyamurti, takes the simple act of painting your nails and shows the meaning behind it. This poem hits home to me because painting my nails is something I enjoy doing with my grandmother. My grandmother has never gone a day without having her nails painted, and after reading this poem I understand why. To me, womanism is the main theme that Satyamurti is trying to portray in this poem and it is being shown through beauty, strength, and passion. Beauty can represent a numerous amount of things, and in this poem Satyamurti does a remarkable job at capturing the true meaning of beauty. “Because I am proud of my hands” (Satyamurti 2), after I broke this poem down piece by piece, the imagery in this line caught my eye. I relate the pride she takes in her hands after painting them to my grandmother and how I never see her go a day without having her nails painted. Although painting your nails is a simple thing, it makes you feel good about yourself. My grandmother walks with confidence every day and though it may not be just because of her nails...
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...Carole Satymurti’s “I Shall Paint my Nails Red” is a wonderful poem which I found myself closely relating to. I feel that in this poem she reflects many sides of a woman’s life. It may be understood to have two separate messages, the direct and the hidden message. Satymurti does this through showing both the complexity of a woman’s life, and the simplicity that also exists within. At first glance, “I Shall Paint My Nails Red” gives a more obvious and direct amusing message in which she states different reasons why she would paint her nails red. Each line puts the reader in a different situation which may even be applied to our own daily lives. Satymurti does this by using every day examples and using them to suggest often absurd reasons for her to paint her nails red, adding a bit of comedy throughout the poem. Underlying each idea, however, Satymurti implies a deeper message about women and the many roles that they play in society, and the way that they view themselves. The first idea Satymurti suggests in the poem is, “Because a bit of colour is public service”. Here, she is implying that in painting her nails red she is in fact doing others a favor. This line makes me think of a woman loading her groceries onto the cash register before paying, showing off her bright red nails and provoking a smile on the cashiers face. She seems to believe that anywhere she were to go with these red nails, the world would see them and appreciate them. Underlying this main idea however...
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...The problem of this case is that, as in the financial report for the most fiscal recent year, the overall profitability of Classic Pen company goes down despite of the introducing of its new two products, RED and PURPLE pens, which show more profitable than the traditional BLUE and BLACK product. These two new products are expected to be sold at premium selling prices about 3% and 10% respectively in the order and the new line, particularly PURPLE, in fact, showed much higher margin over the others. The problem was addressed is that the production technology required for the RED and the PURPLE pens demand specifications. Especially, making the RED color needs more changeovers, which leads to waste lots of time on purchasing and scheduling and management activities as well as money. In order to come up with a management decision under this situation, the controller is considering of using the activity-based costing (ACB) system to create the financial statement instead of using the traditional, job order costing system. Unlike the job order costing which maintains records and allocate cost on top of direct labor, ABC focuses on activities. Therefore, it leads more cost pools to be used to assign overhead costs to products. Four cost drivers which directly related to activity cost pools to assign overhead costs could be used for this case. As a result, costs are assigned more directly on the basis of the cost drivers used to produce each product. II. Strengths, Weaknesses,...
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...Cp8, Coordination Compound, Synthesis & Product Yield Observation, Description & Questions 1. Compound 1 was initially a light blue color. After adding the oxalic acid and heating it changed to a yellow color. Once the saturated potassium oxalate solution was added it changed to a red color. Once most of the hydrogen peroxide was added it changed colors again to murky brown. Finally it changed to a green color after the solution was brought to a boil and more oxalic acid was added. Compound 3 were crystals that of the same green color. 2. We started with: 10.000 g Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 • 6 H2O / 392.14 g/mol = .02550 mol. We ended with 6.557 g K3Fe(C2O4)3 • 3 H2O / 491.24 g/mol = .01335 mol. .01335 mol / .02550 mol * 100% = 52.35% yield. 3. If the yield had been greater than 100% percent the likely reason would be that some liquid from the washing process hadn’t been allowed enough time to dry and caused the final weight measurement to be off. 4. Since the yield of the final solid crystals was about half of the starting amount it is likely because the solution didn’t have enough time to completely form into the solid compound. Also, in there may have been a limiting reagent that wasn’t taken into consideration. 5. Charge on iron in reagent I (Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 • 6 H2O) = 2+ 6. Charge on iron in product III (K3Fe(C2O4)3 • 3 H2O) = 3+ 7. K3Fe(C2O4)3 • 3 H2O = potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)...
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...normally a movie is shot in full color, Sin City is shot in black and white, and then color is later added. The use of color in Sin City is used to differentiate characters, foreshadow events, and to set the mood for scenes to come. Out of all the colors used in the film, the most common is red. It is used to show a variety of things from violence to blood, to differentiating the heroes from the villains. Furthermore, one of the most interesting uses of red, and probably one with the deepest meaning, is seen in the scene between Marv and Lucille when they are trapped inside Kevin’s bunker. Marv’s face is completely scathed, due to the fight he has with Kevin, and the only color the audience sees is the red blood on his face. During the scene Marv approaches Lucile and gives her his jacket, and that is when the audience first see’s the blood on his face. The only color is red. It has a variety of meanings in the film, such as violence and murder, but in this scene it means something else. Red shows the courage and the warrior inside Marv. He’s doing whatever he can to get them out and eventually does. Throughout Marv’s story the marks never go away and his blood is always shown by red. The significance of it is to show that although Marv is a...
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...The Shades of Red By Angela Yohey We were children pushed together by marriage. We became sisters by choice much later in life as adults. Colleen Michelle was born August 28, 1971 in the Bloomsburg hospital just nine months after me to a woman not yet my mother. Her birth was just like her, in a hurry to start living life. She decided to leap into the world a whole 19 days early; no one, not even a doctor was going to tell her she needed to wait one more second to do what she was ready to do. She has continued to live her life with enthusiasm and energy. She was raised as an only child in a family that now has three daughters. I was raised with my biological sister Stephanie by our mother in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania. Our parents divorced when I was five and Stef was eight. Colleen was four when her parents divorced. Her mother and my father married, and soon after they moved to Pittsburgh where Colleen would be raised. I always thought she had the best of him, and for that I was envious. I did not know their relationship had struggles from so far away. It would take years before a child would become a daughter and a stranger would become a father. Her very nature is flamboyant, as are the many shades of red in her personality. When she enters a room, the door flings open with a flurry of activity and chatter. It is straight to kisses and hugs that are not your average embrace. She takes you into the fullness of her...
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...maintenance c. Energy to operate machines Direct labor= 20,000+8000 (fringe benefits) = 28000 Indirect labor= 20,000+8000 (fringe) =28000 See Excel file for product costs calculations and new profit margins Comparing two profit margins Traditional vs. ABC Blue Black Red Purple Total Traditional 13.6% 13.3% 14.8% 18.2% 13.5% Profit Margin ABC 21.6% 22.67% -44% -200% 14% 2. Looking at the new product costs per unit (using ABC) the cost per unit for each product is much different then found under traditional. The cost per unit found under the ABC method was different than what the unit price for each product was being sold for. For blue and black pens the company was making a profit on each pen there were selling (comparing $1.18 product cost for blue and $1.16 for black which were each being sold for 1.50). Red pens cost $2.23 each to make and were being sold for 1.55 each which resulted in a loss. Purple pens were losing the company even more money with costing 4.95 to produce but were only being sold for 1.65 per pen. Under further calculations using the ABC method it was found that blue was the most profitable followed by Black, but that Red and purple were causing the company to lose money, Red was losing the most in dollars with around $6000 while purple was losing a little over $3300. The profit margin was also different than what the traditional product costing found. ABC revealed that Blue and Black pens were actually more profitable than what the company originally...
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...Gogh has depicted himself in Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear. In Self Portrait, Affandi has characterised himself as a semi-abstracted figure against a plain background, with the highly detailed face in stark contrast with his torso, which as suggested by its dark green contour only (without any colouring within), appears to only be vaguely apparent. Affandi also seems to be placing extreme focus on the human emotions or mood, presumably meant to be conveyed by the extremely detailed expression on the face that he has painted. In fact,everything is lumped together (in fact, most of the colours used) on the face in his painting. Upon closer examination, one would find that Affandi’s face as depicted in this work is actually more of a mass of red rather than anything else, and lined with blobs of different colours (namely yellow and green) presumably to represent the hair. Details on the face are not clearly made out, rather only a faint outline of the eyebrows, eyes and nose is apparent. This is as opposed to Self Portrait with Bandaged Ear in which van Gogh has similarly depicted himself, albeit in a far more realistic manner, where all his facial features are clearly visible and modelled. Close attention is also paid to his body, clothing (as evidenced by the precise and exacting brushstrokes that make up his coat), and background as well. Unlike the unevenly distributed blobs of paint that are characteristic in Affandi’s Self Portrait, van Gogh’s usage of the...
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...TermPaperWarehouse.com - Free Term Papers, Essays and Research Documents The Research Paper Factory JoinSearchBrowseSaved Papers Home Page » English and Literature Red from Green In: English and Literature Red from Green Red from Green Red from Green is a short story written by Maile Meloy. The story is from 2006. It consists four people: Sam, who is the main character, her father, her uncle, Harry, and his client, Layton. The story takes place at a river, where these four people are on a float trip down the river. Through the trip Layton is getting more and more interested in Sam. Sam is not sure about her being interested, but as time goes, she let him seduce her. They go for walk and Layton teaches Sam how to shoot with a gun. And at the same evening things get a bit heated up, as Sam gives him massage. But nothing serious happens. The main theme in this short story is “growing up” and “being a teenager”. Sam is about to go from being a child to being a grown up adult and this transition brings a lot of confusing to Sam. When you are a teenager you suddenly get an identity crisis, because you are lost in the middle of being a child and adult. This is seen when we hear about Sam’s feelings about her soon being a sophomore “In the fall, she would soon be a sophomore, which sounded very old to her.” (P.8 L. 4-5). Besides the identity crises, you will face a frustration over your sexuality. You suddenly realize that someone is interested in you as a woman – or...
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