...How far were Mao’s agricultural policies responsible for the scale of the great famine in China, 1958-65? Mao introduced collectivisation in 1956, two years before the beginning of the great famine. It lasted between the years of 1958 and 1961, where millions of peasants and industrial worker died due to a severe lack of food. Most historians argue that the scale of the famine was due to the agricultural reforms introduced by Mao in the Great Leap Forward, but Mao blamed other factors. Collectivisation involved the peasants joining together to farm collectively rather than individually. They then had to share the food produced with the rest of the community, as opposed to just their families, which had been the way the previous, traditional system worked. This, in theory, was a good idea; if the peasants worked together they could share knowledge and potentially grow more food. However, they didn’t like the policy as it meant, regardless of how much they grew individually, they would only get a set amount, and it was never enough to feed the whole family. Mao believed that many peasants were growing more food than necessary and keeping some for themselves, however this was proved not to be the case; production rate had fallen from 200million in 1958 to 143.5million in 1960, proving that they were innocent; Mao simply didn’t trust the peasants, believing they were ‘inherently capitalist’ and were against being a communist state. The policy of collectivisation contributed...
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...國立暨南國際大學102學年度第1學期 國際策略管理 【Term Project - Proposal】 一、研究動機－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.2 二、公司簡介－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.2 三、公司願景與使命－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.3 四、目標客群定位－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.3 五. 公司名稱由來－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.3 六、品牌歷史與塑造－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.4 七、產品和服務－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.4 八、財報分析－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.5 九、未來方向－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.6 十、結論－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.6 十一、附錄－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－P.7 一、研究動機 在世界成衣業的發展動向中，美國成衣市場扮演了一席之地。自2008年金融風暴之後，世界經濟進入不景氣的狀況，消費者對於消費方式的改變，使得成衣市場受到相當大的衝擊。以往採取大量製造、降低成本的生產模式，已不再合乎現代消費者的需求。 有別於其他業者，Abercrombie & Fitch (以下簡稱A&F)的目標客群鎖定「18歲到22歲，外貌與身材出眾的白人」，也堅持不賣大尺碼的衣服。商品定位在「休閒奢華」的運動服飾。此外，其廣告模特兒甚至店員全都是外貌出眾的年輕男女，一方面雖然成功的建立獨特的品牌文化，卻也招來許多批評和糾紛，其中包括種族歧視和員工待遇等問題，同為美國服飾品牌的Tommy Hilfiger就曾因為歧視華人而吃上官司，而2005年以前的蘋果也是強調市場區隔的經典個案。 但近年來，A&F積極在美國以外的地方開拓市場，甚至在亞洲開設分店。原先的品牌定位和市場區隔，似乎有了新的定位。而轉變背後的原因和過程以及未來的市場策略，包括消費者心態對於商品定位的影響等，成了我們主要研究的動機和方向。 二、公司簡介 A&F，美國休閒第一大牌，是當今年輕人最青睐的品牌，也是風靡美國大學生的品牌之一。1892年創立于美國紐約的A&F，已是美國本土的百年品牌，目前旗下共有Abercrombie & Fitch、Abercrombie Kids、Hollister、Gilly Hicks四個子品牌。 A&F的服裝在簡約的款式中做出有趣的創意設計，以高格調、高質量及超清新的美國街頭休閒風格為出發點，並站在年輕人的喜好角度，用音樂、運動及簡約款式來表現服裝的內涵，這樣的潮流由美加各地不斷漫延開來，深受歐美和亞洲青少年喜愛，其標誌性十足、誘惑力十足的美式形象風行全球，成為全球時尚的新指標。 Abercrombie & Fitch Co. (簡稱：A&F) | 創立時間及國家 | 1892年6月4日成立於美國紐約曼哈頓 | 代表人物 | David Abercrombie (大衛·亞伯克隆畢)─創立者Ezra Fitch (埃茲拉·費區)─共同創立者Michael Jeffries (麥克·傑佛瑞斯)─CEO兼總裁 | A&F公司總部 | 美國俄亥俄州新奧爾巴尼市 | 股票代號 | NYSE：ANF；為上市公司 | 產品類別 | 男、女休閒裝、運動裝、內衣 | 旗下四大品牌 | Abercrombie &...
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...expensive lesson. The decision to sell its 85 stores to German retoiler Metro AG will result in a $1 billion pretax loss during the second quarter, but the move is in keeping with WaIMart's renewed focus on achieving higher rates of return on its invested capital. Successful execution of that strategy, even if it means shedding pieces of its business, is viewed as a key to helping the company's long-suffering stock price break out of its six-year slump. "As we focus our efforts on where we can have the greatest impact on our growth and return-on-investment strategies, it has become increasingly clear that in Germany's business environment it would be difficult for us to obtain the scale and results we desire," said WalMart vice chairman Mike Duke in reference to the decision to exit Germany. Those comments are nearly identical to a statement in late May when Wal-Mart announced the sale of its 16 stores in South Korea. "As we continue to focus our efforts where we can have the greatest impact on our growth strategy, it became increasingly clear that in South Korea's current environment it would be difficult for us to reach the scale we desired," Duke said. Both decisions were viewed positively by financial analysts who saw the moves as evidence that Wal-Mart is serious about improving its returns and a possible indication of an eventual slowdown of square-footage growth in the United States. The decisions to exit Germany and South Korea are part of a major reshuffling...
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...(RIM) is a multi-award-winning company that designs and produces hardware, software, and service solutions for wireless communications used by worldwide business and consumer markets. These state-of-the-art products and services provide customers with immediate access to information in order to make sound business decisions 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Whether you use the Blackberry device or the Pearl “smart” phone, you can be assured that you have purchased a quality product connecting people either at work or at play, designed and built by one of the most innovative Canadian companies of all time. Background RIM is a Waterloo-based company founded in 1984 by two University of Waterloo engineering students, Mike Lazaridis and Douglas Fregin. Today, Mike Lazaradis and Jim Balsillie, who joined the company in 1992, share the leadership role in the company as co-CEOs. The first Blackberry device came to market in 1999. Since then, RIM has consistently introduced many new and innovative products and services that are used by businesses and consumers around the world. The wireless solutions industry is an extremely competitive one, and, in 2002, RIM was sued for patent infringement by an American company, NTP. The case was finally settled in 2006, with RIM paying NTP $612.5 million.1 RIM has offices in North America, Europe and the Asia-Pacific. It is traded on the NASDAQ stock market and the Toronto Stock Exchange. In 2006, RIM had revenues of over $2 billion and a...
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...Coach Knight and Coach K [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institute] Coach Knight and Coach K Introduction Robert Montgomery Knight or Coach Knight and his student Mike Krzyzewski, also known as Coach Knight and Coach K, are the 2 top celebrated coaches in the history of American college basketball. They share a number of records that remained unbeatable for a long time and even now it is considered as a huge achievement. Following is a brief account of their leadership styles and how effective they were so that one can understand the list achievements they share for a period of 30 years. Discussion Coach Knight began his career in the Army as coach to west point team. Later on his career took him to Indiana where at Indiana University; he coached his way to stardom. His recorf of 31-1 wins-losses was a straight record for the 1975 and in 1976, his team won every game of the season. What made him such a successful coach were his principles on discipline and hard work. He had a reputation of cursing and shouting at his players and even man-handle them at few occasions which landed him into trouble as well. In February 2003, he earned his 800th victory and that placed him in the hall of fame for best coaches of all times. If we look at his leadership style, his ability to handle stress as well as to instil it in his players was a factor that put him on the top. He was task oriented according to the fielder’s contingency model and derived success out of players...
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...A Team's Purpose Whether it’s in academia, in business, in sports or in family, teams can play a significant role in the success of a purpose. In academia, teams come together to complete learning projects. In sports, teams are formed to win championships. In business, teams may be created to meet a specific objective. Men and women marry, have children and become teams within their community with goals specific to their core values. One common denominator that all these teams require for success is effective communication. In business, the benefits of a successful team are many. Projects gain the benefit of expertise and strength of several instead of one. Teams can come together and offer brainstorming solutions – something a single individual cannot provide. Flaws in ideas and design are more likely to be discovered in groups. Teams can bond workers together in a common goal, thereby improving loyalty and moral for a company. According to best selling authors Peters and Waterman (2004) In Search of Excellence the true power of small groups in business lie in their flexibility. Teams can be formed for specific purposes and do not need to fit into any one specific division, and this lack of formality allows them to become an effective problem-solving tool. They have the empowerment necessary to make change and provide implementation without the bureaucratic overhead found elsewhere. Men and women come together with a common purpose, but rather than using words like...
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...Rhetorical analysis of Mitt Romney´s republican victory speech On the 7th November 2012 the presidential in America ended. Two candidates, one from each party, the Republican and the Democratic Party participated in the race. The results were as followed; Obama was re-elected for another 4 years in the White House. The participant from the Republican Party was the former governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney. Even though he didn´t win the election as he had hoped, his road to the top of the Republican Party is also very interesting to follow. For example the Super Tuesday Victory Speech he gave on March 6th 2012 after having won the Republican presidential candidacy on Super Tuesday. Perhaps if this speech had been different he would have been elected president in America? To look closer into this speech, will at first use the SOAPSTONE model to analyse it. The speaker of the text is of course the one delivering it, Mitt Romney. The speech where given as said before on Super Tuesday after having won the Republican presidential candidacy, which is the occasion for it. Especially the occasion is very important for Mitt Romney and his speech, since it will be showed on national television, where his audience most likely will be millions of republican voters, both those who supported him and those who didn´t. Which means that Romney will get the change to convince the republican voters, who supported other candidates in the run, to keep their vote republican in the presidential...
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...Michael Gerard "Mike" Tyson (born June 30, 1966) is an American retired professional boxer. Tyson is a former undisputed heavyweight champion of the world and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win the WBC, WBA and IBF heavyweight titles at 20 years, 4 months, and 22 days old. Tyson won his first 19 professional bouts by knockout, 12 of them in the first round. He won the WBC title in 1986 after defeating Trevor Berbick by a TKO in the second round. In 1987, Tyson added the WBA and IBF titles after defeating James Smith and Tony Tucker. He was the first heavyweight boxer to simultaneously hold the WBA, WBC and IBF titles, and the only heavyweight to successively unify them. In 1988, Tyson became the lineal champion when he knocked out Michael Spinks after 91 seconds. Tyson successfully defended the world heavyweight championship nine times, including victories over Larry Holmes and Frank Bruno. In 1990, he lost his titles to underdog James "Buster" Douglas, by a knockout in round 10. Attempting to regain the titles, he defeated Donovan Ruddock twice in 1991, but he pulled out of a fight with undisputed heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield due to injury. In 1992, Tyson was convicted of raping Desiree Washington and sentenced to six years in prison but was released after serving three years. After his release, he engaged in a series of comeback fights. In 1996, he won the WBC and WBA titles after defeating Frank Bruno and Bruce Seldon by knockout. With his defeat of...
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...A Day in the Life of a Bug A day in the life of a bug is good. They walk around eating leaves and branches. This of course is a good diet and is what keeps them alive in their small size. Another thing that keeps the species alive is their sheer numbers. Most species of bugs live in swarms. These swarms on average in size can grow up to 10 million bugs. A day in the life of a bug is good. They walk around eating leaves and branches. This of course is a good diet and is what keeps them alive in their small size. Another thing that keeps the species alive is their sheer numbers. Most species of bugs live in swarms. These swarms on average in size can grow up to 10 million bugs. A day in the life of a bug is good. They walk around eating leaves and branches. This of course is a good diet and is what keeps them alive in their small size. Another thing that keeps the species alive is their sheer numbers. Most species of bugs live in swarms. These swarms on average in size can grow up to 10 million bugs. A day in the life of a bug is good. They walk around eating leaves and branches. This of course is a good diet and is what keeps them alive in their small size. Another thing that keeps the species alive is their sheer numbers. Most species of bugs live in swarms. These swarms on average in size can grow up to 10 million...
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...Running head: STRATEGIES Diversification Strategies Pamela L. McGhee Dr. Kimberly Anthony The Business Enterprise – BUS 508 Strayer University, Savannah Campus 30 October 2011 Diversification IBM a Fortune 500 company celebrated its 100th birthday this past June. IBM employs over 400,000 employees and is considered to be a $100 billion dollar or more giant in e-business global marketing technology. With the inception of the computer, IBM’s core business was mainframe computers, which almost bought the company to its knees in bankruptcy. IBM looked at the PC as just a gadget and with any gadget over time would fade into oblivion. IBM would find out the hard way that the PC would rapidly transform the world into the Information Age in the business arena and in that of our personal lives. IBM quickly moved into software, hardware and other services. IBM has been a Fortune 500 company since the 1970’s, and has survived, whereas over a-third of those in the Fortune 500 during that era have either merged, been acquired, sold in pieces, or just completely disappeared off the face of the earth. IBM launched an extensive e-business marketing campaign using its own initials Internet Business Machines during the 1990’s. IBM informed businesses that the Internet would be the new way to conduct business. By 1997 IBM had well over 10,000 e-business customers. IBM’s global e-business has expanded to Russia, China, Brazil and India. (Savov, 2011) Abercrombie...
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...Ethics and Compliance: Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Wal-Mart CEO Mike Duke wrote this statement on ethics."Wal-Mart started out with a single discount store in Northwest Arkansas and in less than 50 years grew to become the world’s largest retailer, with thousands of stores and clubs and millions of associates. Our culture of ethics and integrity has been a constant throughout that transformation. From the beginning, it has defined who we are as a company, and how we as associates treat each other, our suppliers and our customers” (Wal-Mart Statement of Ethics). Therefore, Wal-Mart representatives are responsible for making sure their personal financial activities do not conflict with their responsibilities to the company. Financial conduct can happen when employee judgment is influenced by personal financial gain. If the representative has a financial interest in a vendor, have substantial financial interest in a competitor, get personal compensation from a vendor and using confidential company information. The ENRON collapse in November 2001 is an example of employee ethics gone wrong. ENRON had one of their employee’s audit company audit ENRON. This is a huge example of how ethics did not play a role in the compliance of the company financial environment. The ENRON scandal made the business and financial world rethink the laws or lack thereof, in place for businesses and their finances. ENRON was so far ahead of the game they were named America’s Most Innovative Company...
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...I was walking one day and noticed something about the path had changed. I looked around and saw that a piece of the right side wall had disappeared. Nobody had ever been on the other side of the wall. There had also never been a hole in the wall. I wanted to investigate but I also had to go to school first so I covered up the hole with ivy growing on the 30 foot wall. Then I ran off to school. On my way home from school I went to the hole in the wall and peeked out. It was all darkness except for one tiny light in the distance. I finally gathered up the courage to step out into the darkness. Covering the hole behind me I slowly made my way to the light. It took me what seemed to be ten minutes to get there. The light seemed to be a portal of some kind. I had read about them in stories but never thought they actually existed. Stepping through the portal I covered my eyes the light was so bright. The brightness suddenly disappeared and I was standing in a round circular room with thousands or maybe millions of portals lining the wall. You could look up and as far as the eye could see were portals. There were platforms so I stepped on one and it said to me which way you would like to go. Up I replied. So the platform started to move up, it was getting so high I was starting to get dizzy from the never ending sight of portals. On the other side of the room (if you could even call it that) I saw something that caught my...
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...One night I was at work and one of my clients came in the shelter intoxicated, so I asked her to go upstairs to her room and don’t come out until she was sober. A few hours later I heard arguing, yelling and screaming coming from upstairs. I went upstairs to find two of the residents arguing. One of who was intoxicated that I sent upstairs earlier. I asked the ladies to stop over and over again and finally I told them that if they did not stop that I would call the police and have them escorted out of the building. They still did not stop. They went on and on, so I called the police because they were being disruptive. There were also five other residents and their children in the shelter at the time. The factors that I had to consider was that if the two women would have went to jail their children would have went to DCFS. I had no choice because when I asked them to stop, they did not listen. I could not let them put themselves or the other residents in danger. The values that led me to make my decision was that I was always taught to do what is right and that if someone is in danger to get help. The ladies was impacted by my decision because when the police arrived he told them that if they continued, and he had to come back again that he would arrest both of them. The outcome was that the ladies were not arrested, they calmed down and went to their rooms and the rest of the night went...
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...Individual Project 1 PSYC120-1201A-35: Psychology and Understanding Human Behavior: The Individual June 10, 2014 For the purposes of this assignment and the ones that follow, I have chosen to select Mike Tyson as my subject. It is my belief that his troubled childhood, meteoric rise to fame and fortune, and his often-controversial behavior in and out of the ring makes for an interesting character worthy of analysis. Michael Gerard Tyson was born June 30, 1966 in Brooklyn, New York. He was only two years old when his father, Jimmy Kirkpatrick abandoned the family, leaving his mother, Lorna Tyson to take care of Mike and his two siblings, Rodney and Denise. She had a great deal of financial difficulty in supporting her family, and eight years later, she was forced to move her family into the tough, crime-ridden Brownsville neighborhood of Brooklyn. Tyson, small and shy, was often the target of bullying. To combat this, young Michael began developing his own style of street fighting, and graduated from this to criminal activity. His gang, known as the Jolly Stompers, assigned him to clean out cash registers while older members held victims at gunpoint. He was only 11 at the time. He frequently ran into trouble with police over his petty criminal activities, and by the age of 13 he had been arrested more than 30 times. (Biography, 2012) His behavior eventually landed him in Tryon School for Boys, a tough reform school in upstate New York. It was here that he was introduced...
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...MIKE TYSON PSYCHOANALYTIC REPORT PSYCHOLOGY DR WHITELY QUINISE CAMPBELL August 26, 2014 I chose for my subject Michael Gerard “Mike” Tyson. Mike Tyson is an American retired professional boxer. What attracted me to pick Mike Tyson was that I felt that he was a gentle giant that has been misunderstood in this life. So with this psychoanalytic study we are going to break down the myths that people think about him. I know this is not supposed to be a biography about the life of Mike Tyson; but to give some insight on which of the 7 psychology’s major perspectives I chose you have to know a little about his background. At an early age Tyson’s parent separated, leaving him to be raised by a single mother, he witnessed a horrific and gruesome atmosphere of crime, drugs, and violence. He had never had a physical altercation at that point in his life, but after continually being bullied Tyson finally stood up for himself when another boy grabbed his pet pigeon and broke its neck. Tyson describes that as his first fight, and it was the one that started his continual fighting in the streets and also the development of his criminal behavior. I think that the early stages of his life fall under the Socioculture perspective level. The values and beliefs transmitted from his social and cultural environment played a huge part in all of the trouble that he got into as a child and as adolescent. John Locke once proposed that humans are born with a blank slate (tabula rasa) into the...
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