...parenting styles, and sometimes the lack of rest (George, 2009). Around 43% of children live within a single parent home that is at or below the national poverty level (George, 2009). Due to not being financially stable, some single parents are forced to live in low-income neighborhoods which result into poor schooling systems. More children are likely to drop out of school and to be raised in poverty. Consequently there are more like to be teen pregnancies. Around 60% of are raised by young single parents who are less likely to get married (Feldman, 2011). In addition to teenagers are more likely to raised their child without the help and support of the father, as a result most teenagers abandon their education and have to rely on minimum wage jobs for a source of income (Feldman, 2011). According to Feldman, “ The consequences of living in a single parent families depends on the financial condition of the family and, if there had been two- parents, the level of hostility that existed between them” (Feldman 2011). the majority of people think the cause is whether there were two parents at first and situation changed leaving one parent to raise the child. Additionally the economic status is a very important aspect on determining what types of consequences the child will grow up with. Consistent with Bramlett &...
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...unequal income distribution. But for the United States, it has examining percentile distributions. The US is using five groups to show the percentage of income received. As we can see from the table U.S. Census Bureau, the proportion received by the poorest Americans has remained virtually unchanged. Most of the observed changes occurred between 1929-1970, probably reflecting the impact of the great depression and new government programs in the 1930s, as well as World War II from 1950-1980, so there was a little change in the overall distribution (from textbook). Therefore, many things can influence the income distribution, such as wage payment systems change, tax laws change, transfer payment systems change, property rights change, economic systems change and general economic conditions change. b) As we know, the income for workers, it might be wages or salaries for a month. The dividend is the income for stock owners. Interest is the income for holders of savings accounts. Individuals will have several sources of income, but labor income is the main source of income for many individuals and families. The labor income could affect by age, skill and human capital, worker preferences, and job preferences. Younger people with few skills tend to make little income when...
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...apply cost cutting measures and cut down the numbers of non-core staff to maintain a profitable situation. Based on the economic forecast -optimum but fragile- the company could operate on a profitable level which indicates the company wants to maintain a level of production which it used to, but is worried about the future in this fragile economy. So the company decided to hire temporary / limited term staff. The headquarters of the North American branch of Schukra Inc. could not be properly operated without the support of the technical and engineering expertise of top management. So they trying to accommodate them their best in order to maintain the core function of the company. This decision is implied by two commitments: maintaining the wage rate and health and welfare benefits, and job security. To coordinate the decisions which benefit the core workers, the company decided to increase the production level by hiring temporary workers who are introduced by an outside agency. Most of the temporary...
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...Next month, people in SeaTac will vote on Proposition 1-- it would lift the minimum wage to $15 an hour for workers at the airport and its nearby hotels, parking lots and car-rental agencies. That’s a 63 percent increase over Washington’s current minimum wage of $9.19 an hour, the highest of any state. A year ago, Jorge Sanchez of Long Beach, California was struggling to support his family on $9.75/hour as a dishwasher at a hotel. Sanchez, 56, threw his support behind hiking the minimum wage to $13 an hour for hotel workers in this city just south of Los Angeles. But the Colombia native soon experienced an unintended consequence: The same month he got a $3.25-an-hour bump in pay, Sanchez’s employer cut his workweek from 40 to 30 hours. “Measure N was good because it raised our wages. But what the hotel did was cut our hours, so it hasn’t made a change,” he said. Unlike Sanchez, Hilton bellman Donald Blackwood still works a 40-hour week and pulls in an extra $800 a month thanks to the city’s “living wage” law. “Now, I have enough money saved up to buy a car,” he said. Both the SeaTac and Long Beach measures are part of a stepped-up effort by labor and community activists nationwide to end what they call poverty-wage jobs. In Seattle, both mayoral candidates are plugging an hourly minimum standard of $15 or more. Prop. 1 proponents say it would lift low-wage workers out of poverty and give them more money to spend at local businesses, pumping an additional $54 million...
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...At Commerzbank this theory could be put under scrutiny as every worker may have their own epitome of ‘one best way” to perform a task . His other theory of a ‘fair days of work’ ,may not be successful at Commerzbank as a workers wage depends upon his performance in monetary terms . However, this principle must be viewed with a degree of caution, as the notion of this theory would exclude payments being made to new/untrained employees and trainees. As they may not generate any revenue at all or an insignificant amount for Commerzbank. According to this theory this may lead to a salary which is below the minimum wage .If this was to happen Commerzbank would be breaking the law. It is worth considering that due to the drastic change in the volatile economy employers have rights unlike in Taylor’s Industrialised time . Some people may disagree and state that due to Taylor believing that it is a mangers role ,to do the thinking and the workers to the physical aspect of the job .If a worker was slow it would be the managers duty to use their initiative, and do part of the job to pick up the pace . Instead of the manger doing the mental aspect of the task they are also doing the physical at this point. If a worker generated a vast amount of revenue for Commerzbank, but was not paid accordingly this would lead to predicaments .The firm may be unable to match the X amount of revenue to a workers salary, thus resulting in underpayments being made . Money is not the only...
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...how employees respond when they are not satisfied with their jobs. Understanding the responses helps companies to identify that discontent and hopefully address it before it goes too far. Causes Of Job Dissatisfaction There are a number of specific causes for job dissatisfaction, but it is understood there are four main areas that reside in this issue. These areas are: Being underpaid: Not being paid what you are worth is called being underpaid. This one issue is the most challenging one to work with because it can be driven by interpretation or perspective that is very personal or individually focused. If a person does not think they are being paid enough to do their job, then they perceive themselves to be underpaid - even if the wages they make are in line with that position. If they research...
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...Mrs. Bailey Speech-2 8 January 2014 Bibliography Carney, Timothy P. "Increasing the Minimum Wage Favors Megastores Like Wal-Mart." The Minimum Wage. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from "Wal-Mart, Costco Back Minimum Wage That Could Hurt Small Rivals." Washington Examiner 20 Apr. 2007. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013. De Coster, Karen. "Wal-Mart Benefits Americans." Ethics. Ed. Laurie DiMauro and Tina Grant. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from "The Case for Wal-Mart." www.mises.org. 2003. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013. Longo, Don. "Wal-Mart Supports Communities." Are Chain Stores Ruining America? Ed. Kirsten Engdahl. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2007. At Issue. Rpt. from "Fighting a Bad Rap: Wal-Mart's Positive Contributions to Retailing and Local Communities Are Often Overlooked by Sensation-seeking Press and Special Interests." Retail Merchandiser (2004). Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013. Longworth, Richard. "The Urban Poor Need Supermarkets, Not Urban Agriculture." Urban Agriculture. Ed. Nancy Dziedzic and Lynn Zott. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from "Forget Urban Farms. We Need a Wal-Mart." Good Inc. 2011. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 16 Dec. 2013. Vedder, Richard, and Wendell Cox. "Wal-Mart's Anti-Union Business Model Is Good for Workers." The Wal-Mart Revolution: How Big-Box Stores Benefit Consumers...
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...The laws set for minimum wages protect unskilled workers from exploitation (Gorman, 2008) and provide them with a “living wage” (Livingston, 2011). The idea of a minimum wage was created in Australia and New Zealand to reduce poverty (Gorman, 2008). Maximum rents for housing was created to protect tenants from increased monthly rent cost by landlords (Block, 2008). Formally, rent control is known as the Emergency Tenant Protection Act; which was created during World War II in New York City (Block, 2008). b. Why are there no laws setting maximum wages for workers or minimum rents for housing? Setting a maximum wage law will not only hinder the economy but hurt high wage workers purchasing power. When the economy is booming, most workers receive raises, however if there is a cap placed on the wages, workers would max out their earnings. If workers production levels in one hour is 10 times what they receive in compensation, the only party benefiting in the transactions in the company. Maximum wages would also hurt the market for luxury items. Workers may be reluctant in purchasing certain luxury items because once they have reach there max wage; there is no room for wage increases. A price control for rent was created in an effort to aid low-income families. However, placing a minimum rent would directly affect those families that have very low or no income, which can not afford a monthly rent but need a home to live in. There are rental properties that are subsidized by...
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...when it comes to work and relationships. There would be no judging a person because they are of a different religion, race or sex. Unlike the society we currently live in there would be no wage difference because the person happened to be a female. Wages would be based on the person’s ability and education level. I would encourage all businesses to be family oriented giving their employees ample time to spend with the loved ones by having a four-day workweek and a living wage that would support this. If employees are happy with their place of employment they will certainly be more productive. There would be no racism or bullying, people would be free to do as they see fit for themselves and their family as long as they stay within the boundaries of the law. Also, in order to teach young people the importance of working and supporting family they would start doing community service projects in high school so they can learn the value of their education and it would also help to keep young people out of trouble. The economic structure would be based mostly on natural resources and balancing between the rich and the poor. There wouldn’t be low tax for the wealthy and high tax for the middle class and CEO’s would not be making millions of dollars a year while the single parent is making minimum wage and living in a shelter because they can’t afford the rent. The next area to discuss would naturally be the law of the land. In this Utopian Society there would be no punitive law instead...
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...financial payments (wages, salaries, incentives, commissions, and bonuses) and indirect financial payments (financial benefits like employer-paid insurance and vacations). Two basic ways to make direct financial payments to employees: 1. Time-based pay 2. Performance-based pay Legal Considerations in Compensation Various laws specify things like minimum wages, overtime rates, and benefits. For example: 1. 1931 Davis-Bacon Act allows the secretary of labor to set wage rates for labourers and mechanics employed by contractors working for the federal government 2. 1936 Walsh-Healey Public Contract Act sets basic labor standards for employees working on any government contract that amounts to more than $ 10.000 3. Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Acts makes it unlawful for employers to discriminate against any individual with respect to hiring, compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment because of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. 4. 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act contains minimum wage, maximum hours, overtime pay, equal pay, record-keeping, and child labor provisions that are familiar to most working people. One familiar provision governs overtime pay. It says employers must pay overtime at a rate of at least one-and-a-half times normal pay for any hours worked over 40 in a workweek. The FLSA also sets a minimum wage, which sets a floor for employees covered by the act (and usually bumps up wages for practically all...
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...no one wants to attempt. In one case that made it to, a Vietnamese court recently found a Korean supervisor guilty of beating workers and extradition may be sought for the accused sexual molester who fled. In Indonesia 24 discharged Nike workers are challenging the legality of their dismissal before the country’s Supreme Court (Saporito 3). These are major breakthroughs in the court systems to have someone tried and convicted in these distant countries whose courts are often corrupted. Factory conditions are consistently getting press here in the U.S., as many are angry with Nike for not providing for their overseas employees. The following account is of the conditions in a Chiniese factory: Twelve hour shifts several days a week; wages as low as 16 cents and hour; 16 workers to a dorm room; pregnant women fired. Workers are not allowed to talk. There is constant pressure to produce—workers are yelled at. If you don’t meet your high production quota you must stay until you do-without pay. The factory is noisy, filled with dust and fumes. Workers have fainted, overcome by the long hours...
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...work hard should be able to make a living. Working full-time in a minimum wage job pays $7.25 per hour. That's just $15,000 a year for full-time work. It's not enough to live on. A breadwinner for a family of four earning the minimum wage would be a full $7,000 below the federal poverty line. It is my opinion that minimum wages should at least cover the cost of living. There is such a large disparity in the way salaries are created. Some corporations’ continue to give their CEOs annual large raises and bonuses but claim they cannot afford to pay some of their employees enough to raise their standard of living above the poverty level. As of 1 January 2013 the following is a breakdown on the information about the minimum wages: § 23 states and VI have minimum wages the same as the federal minimum wage of $7.25. § 18 states and D.C. have minimum wages above the federal minimum wage. § 4 states and PR have minimum wages below the federal minimum wage (the federal minimum thus applies). § 5 states have not established a s state minimum wage. The lowest minimum wage is $5.15 and the highest minimum wage is $9.19. Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, South Carolina, and Tennessee do not have minimum wage laws. This does not mean they do not have minimum wages because there is a federal minimum wage that these states must still enforce. States can only choose to have higher minimum wages than the federal law or have no specific law at all and enforce the...
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...In my opinion, the minimum wage is designed to be just enough for an average family in the Philippines. With average family, I mean a family consisting of 2 parents, and maybe 2 to 3 children. Statistically, despite the population growth and the increase number of the people living in the lower classes, a family can still sustain its needs if each of the family members is earning the minimum wage. However, many factors should also be considered, like the number of jobs available and the state of the person whether he/she is just a child or incapable of working. In reality, regular families in the Philippines don’t really consist of strong educated man and women; they are merely regular people, who are mostly composed of children. Unless the government accepts this reality, no permanent solution can be made. Despite the problems faced by the country, there are still 2 solutions I have thought of to lessen the suffering of each Filipino family. First, the government could give a list or a guide to people on how they can spend their minimum wage salaries to sustain and support their families. For example: 2 cans of sardines/5 eggs in the morning, 1 kg of chicken for lunch and dinner, and the excess, keep it for emergencies and other expenses. With this, families could be wiser and smarter in managing their budgets. It could also give the people ideas to create their own sets of list to find possible alternatives depending on their situations. Second, there should be a fixed computation...
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...in the UK must get a minimum level of pay. This is called: The National Minimum Wage (NMW), you can be paid more than the national minimum wage but you must not be paid less. Although minimum wage laws are in effect for many years, there are some differences of opinion still existing about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage. The main aim of the national minimum wage is to reduce poverty and to reduce the level of pay differences between men and women. Other aims include reducing the exploitation of low paid workers and improving incentives for people to look for paid work in the market. While it is clear that socially and morally the NMW is a good thing, the economic benefits out of the NMW have been an issue for years. Many economists believe the minimum wage law costs the economy thousands of jobs, because they would be unable to afford to employ more people, and also because other workers would bid up their own wages in an attempt to maintain their differentials with the low-paid workers. Additionally, imposing a minimum price for anything will in general reduce the quantity that is traded. A minimum wage may improve the income of a few, but will deprive others of income. However, the government Officials in The Department of Trade and Industry say there is no evidence that the minimum wage will cost jobs, and the employment consequences of a minimum wage are not certain. An official spokesman said: "In the long run, the additional wage costs will be offset...
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...Introduction Minimum wage refers to the lowest hourly, daily or monthly wage an employee is legally entitled to when working. Minimum wage is in effect in a range of different jurisdictions with differences in the views on the advantages and disadvantages being disputed by people. Supporters claim minimum wage increases the standard of living for workers whilst reducing poverty. Opposite views are that if it is high enough to be effective then it increases unemployment, particularly among workers who are inexperienced or handicap, thus harming the lesser skilled workers to benefit the better skilled workers The effect on employment rates due to minimum wage rates is a highly contested policy within economics. The introduction of minimum wage into the market can lead to competitive employers cutting employment; this depends on the rate of the wage rises require to comply with the current minimum wage according to the “standard textbook model”. Other models have also been suggested in which a decline in the employment rate may not occur and in fact employment may increase. During my research I found a wide range of literature on minimum wages, particularly on the effects of a minimum wage policy in place. Though a lot of informative research was concluding I also found the argument between weather the effects and positive of negative on employment, both sides of the disagreement present a large amount of information supporting the theories. Research before the 1990’s mostly...
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