...Our focus was on the informal sector with particular interest on two groups of traders, Moha, who specializes in ladies’ shoes and Desire DresCode Fashion who sell female clothes. Both the groups are situated at Adams Arcade off Ng’ong Road, near Our Lady of Guadalupe Church. Moha began his business as an intern two years ago after trying out jobs as a driver and a chef. He learnt through apprenticeship which involved observation of how his mentor acquired, prepared and priced his goods as well as how he treated his customers. At first, capital was very hard to come by and he had to use the skills that he had learnt from apprenticeship to start off. Moha decided to take up this line of business because he wanted to be his own boss. This was because he found that being employed has restrictions and limits returns. Having his own business gives him the flexibility he needs. He buys his stock from ‘Gikomba’ open air market where he has to handpick shoes of his interest and negotiate for the price. Desire DresCode Fashion is a group of young men who purchase and sell second hand clothes for women. They started their business about a year ago to empower the youth of the area through self-employment. This group has a schedule where every Thursday, they buy stock in bulk as bales and sort them out for sale. In order to meet the Thursday deadline they employ various methods of persuasion so as to get rid of the current stock and maximize sales. Mission This is to sell quality...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol.2. No.1 August 2006 pp.1-14 An Evaluation of SME Development in Malaysia Ali Salman Saleh∗ and Nelson Oly Ndubisi∗∗ Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in play a vital role in the Malaysian economy and are considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. However, few studies examined their development, challenges and future prospects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and analyse the role of SMEs in different sectors as well as their major contribution to the economy. The paper goes further to review the existing literature as well as the empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges (domestically and globally) that face this sector. The key messages from the studies examined in this paper are that Malaysian SMEs still face many domestic and global challenges in achieving economies of scale and competing internationally. Among the challenges are the low level of technological capabilities and limited skilled human capital resources, a low level of technology and ICT penetration, low levels of research and development (R&D), a substantial orientation towards domestic markets, a high level of international competition (for example, from China and India), a high level of bureaucracy in government agencies, and internal sourcing of funds. These characteristics suggest that government programs and incentives are either insufficient or not delivered effectively...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol.2. No.1 August 2006 pp.1-14 An Evaluation of SME Development in Malaysia Ali Salman Saleh∗ and Nelson Oly Ndubisi∗∗ Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in play a vital role in the Malaysian economy and are considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. However, few studies examined their development, challenges and future prospects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and analyse the role of SMEs in different sectors as well as their major contribution to the economy. The paper goes further to review the existing literature as well as the empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges (domestically and globally) that face this sector. The key messages from the studies examined in this paper are that Malaysian SMEs still face many domestic and global challenges in achieving economies of scale and competing internationally. Among the challenges are the low level of technological capabilities and limited skilled human capital resources, a low level of technology and ICT penetration, low levels of research and development (R&D), a substantial orientation towards domestic markets, a high level of international competition (for example, from China and India), a high level of bureaucracy in government agencies, and internal sourcing of funds. These characteristics suggest that government programs and incentives are either insufficient or not delivered effectively...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol.2. No.1 August 2006 pp.1-14 An Evaluation of SME Development in Malaysia Ali Salman Saleh∗ and Nelson Oly Ndubisi∗∗ Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in play a vital role in the Malaysian economy and are considered to be the backbone of industrial development in the country. However, few studies examined their development, challenges and future prospects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine and analyse the role of SMEs in different sectors as well as their major contribution to the economy. The paper goes further to review the existing literature as well as the empirical studies in order to identify the major challenges (domestically and globally) that face this sector. The key messages from the studies examined in this paper are that Malaysian SMEs still face many domestic and global challenges in achieving economies of scale and competing internationally. Among the challenges are the low level of technological capabilities and limited skilled human capital resources, a low level of technology and ICT penetration, low levels of research and development (R&D), a substantial orientation towards domestic markets, a high level of international competition (for example, from China and India), a high level of bureaucracy in government agencies, and internal sourcing of funds. These characteristics suggest that government programs and incentives are either insufficient or not delivered effectively enough to overcome...
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...FACULTY OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (IMD 102) INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT: UiTM kELANTAN TENGKU ANIS LIBRARY TOUR REPORT PREPARED FOR: PUAN NOOR RAHMAWATI BINTI ALIAS PREPARED BY: NIK FARIS HEZRIE B. NIK ISHAK 2010352163 GROUP: D1IM11O1A SUBMISSION DATE: 30 MARCH 2011 ACKNOWLEGEMENT BISMILLAHIRAHMANIRRAHIM ASSALAMUALAIKUM W.B.T. Thanks to Allah S.W.T for giving me good health to complete this assignment. I took a few days to do the research for this assignment, I finally able to finish up this project successfully. First of all, I would like to thanks to my respected lecturer Pn. Noor Rahmawati Bt. Alia who has gave us a lot of guidelines in order to complete this assignment. Thanks also for her suggestion on how to find the sources. Without her, I am not sure if can complete this assignment. Last but not least my friends and clazmates whom i work together with to finish the task in hand.Not forgetting also the staffs of Perpustakaan Tengku Anis who gave us the tour of the library. TABLE OF CONTENT SUBJECT | PAGE | Acknowledgement | 2 | Table of content | 3 | Introduction | 4 | Mission, Vision, Objectives | 5 | Organizational Structure | 6 | Various Department & Services | 7, 8 | Collection | 9 | Events & Activities | 10, 11 & 12 | INTRODUCTION UiTM Kelantan Library was established in 1985 at Kem Kijang and was moved to its permanent campus at Bukit Ilmu in 1996.UiTM Kelantan...
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...International Review of Business Research Papers Vol. 4 No.5 October-November 2008 Pp.20-33 The Strategic Issues, Business Plan and Implementation from Situational and Industry Analysis: A Discussion on a Specific Case Moha Asri Abdullah A business strategy is the focal point of the business practices and competitive strategies in the operational management. It is used to strike out a market position, conduct operations, attract customers, compete and achieve organizational objective. Thus, whether a company wins or loses in the marketplace, it is directly attributable to the calibers of a company’s strategy and the proficiency with which the strategy is implemented and executed. This paper attempts to analyse the overall situation of an accountant company in the wine industry known as Moss Adams whose company is facing the problems with strategy and execution in the specific market place of the northern California. To critically analyse this, a number of process involve; First, the use of the situational analysis and SWOT. Then, the Porter’s Five Forces model is also used to illustrate the nature of accounting industry of wineries businesses before strategic issues for Moss Adams’s company will be discussed in relation to the crafting alternative business solutions and predicting the outcomes of the plan. Filed of Research: Business strategy, situational analysis, Porter Five Forces 1. Introduction Strategic business plan and its implementation are the ‘heart and...
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...44. MINERAL WATER 44-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. II. III. SUMMARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTION & APPLICATION MARKET STUDY AND PLANT CAPACITY A. MARKET STUDY B. PLANT CAPACITY & PRODUCTION PROGRAMME IV. RAW MATERIALS AND INPUTS A. RAW MATERIALS B. UTILITIES V. TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING A. TECHNOLOGY B. ENGINEERING VI. MANPOWER & TRAINING REQUIREMENT A. MANPOWER REQUIREMENT B. TRAINING REQUIREMENT VII. FINANCIAL ANLYSIS A. TOTAL INITIAL INVESTMENT COST B. PRODUCTION COST C. FINANCIAL EVALUATION D. ECONOMIC BENEFITS 44-3 44-3 44-3 44-3 44-5 44-6 44-6 44-7 44-8 44-8 44-9 44-11 44-11 44-12 44-13 44-13 44-14 44-14 44-15 44-3 I. SUMMARY This profile envisages the establishment of a plant for the production of Mineral Water with a capacity of 14.4 million liters per annum. The present demand for the proposed product is estimated at 32 million liters per annum. The demand is expected to reach at 108 million liters by the year 2010. The plant will create employment opportunities for 54 persons. The total investment requirement is estimated at Birr 16.4 million, out of which Birr 1.8 million is required for plant and machinery. The project is financially viable with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 13.46% and a net present value (NPV) of Birr 6.1 million, discounted at 8.5 %. II. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATION The simple definition of water is that it is the liquid that descents from the cloud as rain, forms streams, lakes and seas, issues from the ground in form of springs and...
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...MINERAL WATER 44-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. II. III. SUMMARY PRODUCT DESCRIPTION & APPLICATION MARKET STUDY AND PLANT CAPACITY A. MARKET STUDY B. PLANT CAPACITY & PRODUCTION PROGRAMME IV. RAW MATERIALS AND INPUTS A. RAW MATERIALS B. UTILITIES V. TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING A. TECHNOLOGY B. ENGINEERING VI. MANPOWER & TRAINING REQUIREMENT A. MANPOWER REQUIREMENT B. TRAINING REQUIREMENT VII. FINANCIAL ANLYSIS A. TOTAL INITIAL INVESTMENT COST B. PRODUCTION COST C. FINANCIAL EVALUATION D. ECONOMIC BENEFITS 44-3 44-3 44-3 44-3 44-5 44-6 44-6 44-7 44-8 44-8 44-9 44-11 44-11 44-12 44-13 44-13 44-14 44-14 44-15 44-3 I. SUMMARY This profile envisages the establishment of a plant for the production of Mineral Water with a capacity of 14.4 million liters per annum. The present demand for the proposed product is estimated at 32 million liters per annum. The demand is expected to reach at 108 million liters by the year 2010. The plant will create employment opportunities for 54 persons. The total investment requirement is estimated at Birr 16.4 million, out of which Birr 1.8 million is required for plant and machinery. The project is financially viable with an internal rate of return (IRR) of 13.46% and a net present value (NPV) of Birr 6.1 million, discounted at 8.5 %. II. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATION The simple definition of water is that it is the liquid that descents from the cloud as rain, forms streams, lakes and seas, issues from the ground in form of springs and is...
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...1.0 INTRODUCTION Presently, in order for small medium enterprises (SMEs) to be competitive in the global economy, the quality of their products and services cannot be under estimated. Therefore in today's economic climate, SMEs competitions are greater than ever may in local or global. The quality of goods and services are most important thing for SMEs to continue for grow and survive. We can see that, many SMEs in Malaysia lack the resources and knowledge to practice the quality management in their operations. The immediate goal for any small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) is to survive and maintain in the economic growth. According to the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has been one of the major engines of growth of Malaysia’s economy. With globalization and the accompanying liberalized trading environment, trade is expected to intensity, the more integrated global market also presents new opportunities and greater market access for Malaysia SMEs. It is acknowledge that small and medium enterprise play a great role in develop the world, unlike in developed where the benefits through high cost such as lost of scale production, inefficiency and appalling employment conditions. In this facet of a country’s economy, labor plays a great role which is for most SMEs are labor intensive in developing the world. 2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Productivity is an important aspect of the construction industry that may be used as an index...
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...A PROJECT REPORT ON CAUSES OF LOW MARKET DEMAND OF RUPALI BANK LTD. AND MEASURES TO CHANGE THIS SITUATION . Dear Sir, We Take pleasure, in accordance the class project of Business Communication, submitting the class project on the CAUSES OF LOW MARKET DEMAND OF RUPALI BANK LTD. AND MEASURES TO CHANGE THIS SITUATION Submitted by the EMBA students, 20th batch. Yours sincerely, Rajib Das – EMB0001 MObarak Hossain Chowdhury- EMB000 Washington Dey- EMB000 4 Al-Jobaier Ahmed – EMB0005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide ( Mr. Tarafder Mohammad Mehedi Al- Masud ) for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this report. The blessing, help and guidance given by him time to time shall carry us a long way in the journey of life on which we are about to embark. We also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Abdul Halim, FAVP, First Security Islami Bank, for his cordial support, valuable information and guidance, which helped us in completing this task through various stages. We are obliged to staff members of ( Rupali Bank Ltd. ), for the valuable information provided by them in their respective fields. We are grateful for their cooperation during the period of my assignment. Lastly, we thank almighty, Our parents, and friends for their constant encouragement without which this assignment would not be possible...
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...Threats on the Existing Lakes/ Water Bodies in Dhaka Ishrat Islam (PhD) Associate Professor Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology September 26, 2012 “The ‘environment’ is where we live; and development is what we all do in attempting to improve our lot within that abode. The two are inseparable.” • Our Common Future • The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) • Click to edit Master text styles – Second level • Third level – Fourth level » Fifth level CONTENT Brief Introduction to Dhaka Value of Wetlands of Dhaka Threats on Water Bodies of Dhaka Dhaka: Planning & Development Control Prospects and Constraints Click to edit Master text styles Click to edit Master text styles to edit Master text styles Click Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Introduction to Dhaka 9th largest mega City with growth rate 4.2% Area :1528 sq.km The area of Dhaka expanded 17.88 times from 1951. And population had increased 25.09 folds. Climate change Impact (i) Floods/ drainage congestion (ii) Heat stress Dhaka Metro Area Click to edit Master text styles Why Water Bodies Like Lakes Flood Flow Zones Retention Areas are Valuable??? Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Total Economic Value of Wetland Use Value Direct Use Value Non-renewable/...
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...Analyzing Anti-pattern Detection Southern Methodist University Abstract A design pattern is a well-understood, reusable design fragment used to solve a commonly occurring problem in software development. Whereas, antipatterns are common design pitfalls that provide poor solutions to recurring design problems. Developers may unwillingly introduce anti-patterns in their software systems due to time pressure, lack of skills, communication or understanding. Anti-patterns have a negative effect on the comprehension and maintainability of a software system, and thus, understanding and detecting Anti-patterns provides the knowledge to prevent or recover from them. This paper discusses the anti-patterns of object oriented design, their symptoms, and consequences and issues related to their detection. This study also discusses some of the tools and approaches that are currently being developed and used in the software industry to detect anti-pattern. Towards the end, this paper also highlights some of the problems that are still open, to drive future research direction in this field. 1. Introduction Now-a-days, most of the software projects deal with large number of components that make the software more complicated and hard for novice designers to design. A design pattern is one of the most simple and powerful techniques used to improve the software design. Unfortunately, due to a number of market/customers constraints, anti-patterns may get introduced...
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...Bhajagovindam or Moha Mudgara of Adi Shankaracharya A Layman's Commentary This layman’s commentary on Bhajagovindam is made so that those who have not read the great work of the most revered Jagat Guru Sri Sankara Bhagavatpada would be prompted to do so and study it with the help of an authoritative commentary. Prayer: “Om Sthaapakaaya cha dharmasya sarva dharma swaroopine Avataara varishthaya Ramakrishnaayate namah” ("I bow to Sri Ramakrishna, the most Supreme among all Incarnations of God, who established Dharma (religion) and who is the embodiment of all dharmas") ******************************************************************************************* Let us start with what the great Rajaji (C.Rajagopalachari) said about Bhajagovindam: RAJAJI’S INTRODUCTION “Adi Sankaracharya wrote a number of Vedantic works for imparting knowledge of the Self and the Universal Spirit. He also composed a number of hymns to foster Bhakti in the hearts of men. One of these hymns is the famous Bhajagovindam. The way of devotion is not different from the way of knowledge or Jnana. When intelligence matures and lodges securely in the mind, it becomes wisdom. When wisdom is integrated with life, and issues out in action, it becomes Bhakti. Knowledge, when it becomes fully mature, is Bhakti. If it does not get transformed into Bhakti, such knowledge is useless tinsel. To believe that Jnana and Bhakti, knowledge and devotion, are different from each other, is ignorance...
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...PENCEMARAN ALAM SEKITAR KHAMIS, 5 NOVEMBER 2009 Label: ISU -ISU UTK KARANGAN ISU PENCEMARAN ALAM SEKITAR MERUPAKAN SATU ISU GLOBAL YANG MEMERLUKAN PENELITIAN BERSAMA DI PERINGKAT ANTARABANGSA . BINCANGKAN . PENGENALAN Jika kita lihat tajuk perbincangan ini, ianya merupakan satu tajuk yang meluas dan banyak aspek boleh dibincangkan . Tetapi jika kita renung dan teliti dengan sedalam-dalamnya maka kita dapati satu perkara yang perlu diambil kira adalah pada perkataan 'memerlukan penelitian bersama' . Berdasarkan kepada isu yang hendak dibincangkan 'memerlukan penelitian bersama' membawa maksud bahawa , isu pencemaran yang merupakan isu global ini perlu dibincangkan, difikirkan dan ditangani bersama-sama di peringkat antarabangsa . Ini adalah kerana masalah pencemaran yang berlaku di seluruh dunia ini pernah, sedang dan akan dialami oleh semua negara . Jadi langkah-langkah bijak perlu dirancangkan bagi mengatasi masalah ini . Bagaimanakah cara kita hendak menyelesaikan masalah di atas ? Cara kita menjawab atau menyelesaikannya adalah bergantung kepada persepsi kita sendiri terhadap alam sekitar . Ia juga mendedahkan cara hidup kita; adakah cara hidup kita dapat membantu memulihara alam sekitar atau sebaliknya ? Unit Pendidikan Persatuan Pencinta Alam atau Malaysia Nature Society (MNS) sering menerima pertanyaan tentang apakah cara-cara memulihara alam sekitar yang sepatutnya dilakukan oleh semua pihak . Tidak kurang juga yang menanyakan adakah usaha seorang individu dapat...
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...AN INTERNSHIP REPORT On “CREDIT MANGEMENT OF SONALI BANK LTD. BANGLADESH, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MOTIHAR BRANCH, RAJSHAHI.” DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING & INFORMATION SYSTEMS This Report is submitted to the Department of Accounting & Information Systems, University of Rajshahi, for the Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) - 2014. |SUBMITTED TO | SUBMITTED BY | |MOHA. MANZUR MURSHEDUL ABEDIN |MOHI UDDIN | |Professor, |B.B.A. -2014 | |Department of Accounting and Information Systems |Examination Roll-10067058 | |University of Rajshahi |Registration No: 1750 | |Rajshahi |Session: 2009-2010 | | |Department of Accounting | | | | | ...
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