...------------------------------------------------- French culture and civilization ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Theme: 5 pages on a person or note (artist, writer, poet, politician or military) who came to France and because of that visit had their life, views or art changed. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Mehdi Ben barka ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Mehdi Ben Barka was a Moroccan politician, head of the left-wing National Union of Popular Forces (UNPF) and secretary of the Tricontinental Conference. An opponent of Hassan II, he "disappeared" in Paris in 1965. Despite countless theories attempting to explain what really happened to him, the exact circumstances of his disappearance have never been established, and as of 2009, investigations are on-going. ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- To understand who Mehdi Ben Barka was and how France changed his life, we must understand the situation of morocco at this time and his relationship with a king who was subject to controversy. ...
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...Al Qaeda Aims at the American Homeland “Jihad against the Americans,” Bin Laden addressed in the 9/11 Commission Report. It is the official report of the events leading up to the September 11, 2001 attacks. Bin Ladin was not the first to introduce this plan to attack the twin towers; the organization and origins of the 9/11 plot was created by three subordinate commanders: Khalid Sheikh Mohammed (KSM), Riduan Isamuddin (known as Hambali), and Abd al Rahim al Nashiri. Most of the attention and ideas were from the chief manager of the “planes operation,” Khalid Sheikh Mohammad. Khalid Sheikh Mohammad (KSM) was the principal designer of the September 11th attacks. He followed a tortuous path and eventually became a member of Al Qaeda. He has plenty of tortuous ideas that included; conventional car bombing, political assassinations, aircraft bombing, hijacking, reservoir poisoning and ultimately, the use of aircraft as missiles guided by suicide operatives. KSM was born on March 1, 1964 or April 1, 1965 in the Baluchistan region of Pakistan. KSM was raised in Kuwait and joined the Muslim Brotherhood at age 16. He was highly educated and pursued a degree in mechanical engineering from North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University in 1986. After graduation, KSM and his brother went to Afghanistan to resist the Soviet Invasion in the late 1980s. During this time, he began anti-American terrorist operations. Between 1988 and 1992, KSM helped run a nongovernmental organization...
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...Social media’s role in 2011 Egyptian revolution Egyptian revolution in 2011 was part of Arab Spring, a series of demonstrations, protests and revolutions. All of those revolts have one thing in common and it is the important role of social media. This essay is going to investigate the social media’s effect on Arab Spring, particularly on the revolution in Egypt. Social media have a great power, because thanks to them, people can share their thoughts in every single minute of their life. Even though there are other ways of communication, social media, such as blogs, Twitter or Facebook, had a great impact on Egyptian revolution in 2011 because people could organize their dissidence fast and could easily share their ideas of the free Egypt. When Hosni Mubarak became a president in 1981, he became suppressing all his opponents. People were not happy, but they were not united in order to oppose Mubarak. Everyone trying to oppose Mubarak without the support of the people put his life and lives of his family into the risk. There was no simple nor easy way to connect with people who shared the same opinion about the government, because having such a discussion at any public place was dangerous at that time. Although it was possible to find people with the same political views, the idea of making any non-violent protest was unrealistic. To make such a protest many people need to join the demonstration, but without internet, people couldn’t share the information about the demonstration...
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...Read the assigned article and explain the main point of the article and whether you agree or disagree with the author and why? Did reading this article raise any questions in your mind? If so, share them with your group and try to find an answer From my perspective the article main point was based on equality between Muslim men and women. When reading the article I found it interesting when the author states, “We do not speak of ‘women’ in general and thus exclude her from the legal discourse describing a Muslim’s duties.” From my stand point, many individuals from the Western Countries believe Muslim women are excluded in many possessions like higher education, employment, and political actions but in reality they have equal rights just as men do. Hawa, I like your interpretation of the article and agree with you when you stated Islam does not discriminate women, and they have a God given rights that no one can deny. <<< Replied to message below >>> Authored by: Hawa Ali Authored on: Sep 30, 2013 8:55 PM Subject: Political Competence of Women in Islamic Law In this article, the author describes well the role of political participation of the women in Islam. There is no question that women took a big role in Islamic societies in the past and the present time. Beside, Islam does not discriminate women, and they have a God given rights that no one can deny them. When God created men, He did not favor them over the women. He says, “We have created...
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...The paparazzi are photographers who will certainly do anything to achieve their aim, gaining the profit from the photos of famous people and their families. They sell the photos to tabloids or anyone else who is willing to pay them a high price. (** Thesis Statement) This report will discuss and examine an opportunity of whether paparazzi could be seen one day in Thailand. Firstly, it will remind us the significant power of media in the present world and explain how people who relate to the process of generating the media unexpectedly support the paparazzi initiation in the media world. Furthermore the report will reveal the origin of the word “paparazzi” that was released first time in Italy and shortly expanded across the country in the negative terms. Then it will refer to some of apparently violent cases from the celebrities who became unfortunate victims of paparazzi; Princess Diana and Catherine Zeta Jones with her husband – Michael Douglas. It will then talk about the media ethics, moral, the definition of privacy and human rights, including show the conflict of celebrities privacy and public rights to know the celebrities lives. Lastly this report will offer the idea of the paparazzi motivation of who support their actions; the readers, the media commercial agency and paparazzi themselves. The Media Power in the Present World In the modern world we are undeniable against the media power in the present world which nearly absolutely influence on our life and society. Everyday...
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...Thesis Statement The controversial life led by Princess Diana as well as her tragic death is a direct consequence of the pressures laid by fame and the pressures of royalty. A lot was expected of her as the Princess of Wales. Her elevation to royalty placed undue demands on a lady who could not bear being on the limelight. Her newly found matrimony did not help as her husband, Prince Charles became a philanderer. The Prince openly carried on his affair with an old flame, Camilla Parker. Any sensible woman should have deserted her husband but Diana was no ordinary woman. She was a mother to princes, one of whom was an heir to the British monarchy. Moreover, Diana had a public responsibility to the people of England to behave as the model princess and initially divorce was out of the question. Consequently she decided to put on a façade of happiness in order to fulfill her role as the peoples’ princess and proud wife. Beneath her superficial glamorous veneer, was a hurting woman who lacked an outlet to vent her gradually growing emotional turmoil. Unfortunately Diana had to live by the chauvinistic protocol of royalty. Just like the predecessors, Charles carried on with an affair in the full glare of the public and his wife was expected to tolerate his behavior. A good example is the infamous Tudor King, Henry VIII. Henry had numerous affairs but his wives did not object as it was indeed a man’s world. Apparently such norms are in play as exhibited by Prince Charles. Her...
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...POLITICAL ASPECTS OF ALIGARH MOVEMENT ALI RAZA I13-0292 POLITICAL ASPECTS OF ALIGARH MOVEMENT ALI RAZA I13-0292 Background After the war of independence Muslims suffered the most. They lost everything they had and they were held sole responsible for that. It is not wrong to say that they actually lost their identity. At that time Sir Syed was the person who realized that in order to gain the lost reputation and to uplift the Muslims, they should be strong enough to have political rights and that is only possible if they had enough modern education. Like Hindus who have their own political party due to which they are enjoying their political rights and they had good jobs, it require Muslims to strive hard if they want to exist that is acquisition of modern education. He said that “All the socio-political ills of India may be cured by education: cure the root, the tree will flourish”. Sir Syed’s work for Muslims was a movement called Aligarh movement. Aligarh movement was all about the betterment of Muslims from every point of view. It was the first step towards the creation of a new state for the Muslims of India (Pakistan). It was a huge step taken by Sir Syed and actually he had some long term plan for Muslims. After Urdu-Hindi controversy (Hindu wanted Hindi as official language and to replace ) in 1867 it was clear that Hindus are not in favor of Muslims in any way and they had no soft side for Muslims and they want to crush the Muslims by any means. In...
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...Black Hawk Down: Battle of Mogadishu “War was ugly and evil, for sure, but it was still the way things got done on most of the planet.” (Bowden 1999) Mark Bowden’s book, Black Hawk Down, is a great novel. This book portrays the struggles and triumphs of the men who fought over in Mogadishu, Somalia in 1993. In this book, we are able to see firsthand experiences of the men of the U.S. Rangers and Delta Force. Their main objective is to capture a Somali drug lord, Mohamed Farrah Aidid. However, things take a turn for the worst throughout the book, and the reader gets to see what it’s like to fight a modern battle. I choose this book because I love learning about military events that have happened in our nation’s existence. Military novels allow me to get a feel for what it’s like to fight and defend our country. I feel like more military events need to be taught in school to help people understand the sacrifices that our armed forces take every day. Overall, Black Hawk Down is a great novel that gives great insight to the Battle of Mogadishu in 1993. The book is broken up into five main parts. First, it starts out with the initial assault from the U.S. Rangers and Delta Force. In this chapter, we learn about the entire plot to go into the city of Mogadishu and retrieve someone of importance to the U.S. in regards to the drug cartel. Everything is going great until one of the Rangers falls out of the helicopter and get severely hurt. This mishap causes the entire mission to...
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...Ahmed Zaki Yamani Ahmed Zaki Yamani is a specialist in law and Islamic law. He was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. He attended Cairo University, New York University Law School and Harvard University School. He received his LL.M from Harvard. Yamani later went on to serve as advisor to the Saudi government in 1958. In 1962 he became Saudi Arabia’s minister of petroleum until 1986 and became OPEC’s first secretary General. Yamani is known as the founder of many of the kingdom’s modern laws and regulations. His article “the Political Competence of Women and Law” he discusses the controversial topic of women participating in public life in Islamic societies. He believes that “men and women are equal in their human value, their social rights, their responsibilities and their subjection to reward and punishment. (pg 171)” He says that when speaking of political competence in Islam we need to distinct it from the western concept. Westerners see political competence it as a right, while in Islam it is seen as action. An action has to be performed while a right does not have to be performed. However a political action in Islam does not have to be performed by every citizen, just by a sufficient amount of citizens so that the others are relieved of it. This action includes women. As long as a woman is educated and is aware of the current politics then he sees here no different from a man. Yamani believes that Islam does not prohibit nor try to minimize the participation of women in...
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...position of the Muslims in the Sub-continent was quite pathetic and Muslims were going through a social and financial crisis, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan came to the forefront and created awareness amongst Muslims about the importance of education and a lifestyle which was closer to the British. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan made sure that the Muslims understood the importance of the modern education and science, so that they could compete with the Hindus and could claim their rights for the job opportunities and a better lifestyle. Sir Syed started Aligarh Movement, which had a motto of promoting education amongst the Muslims after the revolt of 1857. He fought against the Hindu conspiracies against Urdu. Risala-dar-Asbab-i-Bhagawati-i-Hind, Ahkam-i-Ta’am-i-Ahl-i-Kitab and Loyal Mohammadans of India were some of his best works. He started various schools and colleges where English language was taught with Urdu and Persian. He founded a Scientific Society where he started the periodical which was first called Scientific Society Papers and later, the Aligarh Institute Gazette. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan played a significant role in reshaping the public opinion amongst the Muslims. After 1857, Sir Syed had realized that it is very hard for Muslims to survive with the Hindus but still he was in favour of the United India until the Urdu-Hindi controversy. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan would always be remembered in the history books as a revolutionary leader who gave a new direction to the Muslims of the Sub-continent...
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...15 years ago, Westminster Abbey was surrounded by millions of people, whom were praying for her. Flowers fully covered 77 miles’ road to let her coffin pass through. Even after she dead 10 years, thousands of people still coming to Wembley Stadium to commemorate her. And her name was Diana Spencer, the legendary princess of Wales. Although her death haves been pass 15 years, nobody has forgot that beautiful prince that wore Cartier crown, Valentino dress and who were caring about the populace. Diana Frances was born in 1st of July, 1961, in Sandringham, east of England. She was the youngest child of her family, her brith made her father disappointed, because he have two daughter already, in family’s tradition, he can only pass his title and properties to his son. In 1967, Diana’s parents’ relationship was broken due to her mother’s disloyalty. So she had to look after her younger brother. When she was 9 years old, she had been forced to go to a private girls’ school (Riddles-worth Hall). She was very sad, and she was begging her father to let her stay with her brother, but her father rejected her. After a few years she had many friends in the school, although she was popular, she was not good at study, her grades were not so good. In 1975 her family moved to Althorp, and she became Lady Diana Spencer (Spencer was her family name before she married), and her younger brother became Lord Spencer. When she was 18 years old, she started to work. Diana and Charles was...
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...1. In October 1993, American forces went into Somalia to begin assisting relief operations to help the citizens of Mogadishu. “They had come close to grabbing Aidid several times but that was not their only goal” (22). Their main mission on October 3, 1993, for the seventh time, was to capture Aidid and his men. Unfortunately, the intent of this mission was not successful due intervention by civilian solders. 2. In the early moments of the Battle of Mogadishu, the “US Army Rangers and Delta Force operators who were about to drop in uninvited on a gathering of Habr Gidr clan leaders” (3) that were holding a meeting caused the mission to take a turn in the wrong direction. This uninvited drop in had an impact on the mission because “this clan was led by a warlord Mohammed Farrah Aldid,” who was known to have attempted to kill US Army soldiers before “had picked a fight with the United States and it was no doubt going down”(3). 3. Eversmann was made the leader of his chalk because he was experienced and had known all of his “chalk” members “so well they were like brother.” (3). Also two other “men in front of him had been sent home due to illness and seizure” (10). A majority of the men under Eversmann were shot, however Eversmann had escaped any injury. 4. Chief Officer Wolcott was the pilot of the Black Hawk Super Six One. He was a well-liked pilot. “His unflappable cool had earned him the nickname ‘Elvis’, that and his dead on impression of the late rock...
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...The woman I chose to write about that I believe was a great leader and a positive influence to society is Princess Diana. Throughout her lifetime, Princess Diana was always in the spot light. She captured the world with her beauty, grace, and compassion. Millions of people could identify with her and, when she died, they felt as though they had lost a best friend. More than a year after the sudden end of her life, Princess Diana's charity work still motivates many others to donate their own time in hopes to help the lives of others. Through the vigorous fund raising and campaigning Princess Diana has greatly affected the lives of the patients she has reached out to. Diana Frances Spencer was born on July 1, 1961 near Sandringham, England. Her father announced at the time of her birth, she was nothing less than a "perfect physical specimen." (Smith) She was the third surviving child of her parents. In 1967 her parents, Johnnie and Frances separated, then in 1969 their divorce became final. Johnnie Spencer won custody of their four children. She later became Lady Diana Spencer after her father inherited the title of Earl Spencer in 1975. On February 24, 1981, Princess Diana's life changed forever. Her engagement to Prince Charles, the heir to the British throne, was announced. They were married in Saint Paul's Cathedral on July 29, 1981. The ceremony was internationally televised. People all over the world tuned in to watch. Princess Diana was married into one of the most...
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...Introduction The first thing to consider, a person is to be a Muslim is the sincere declaration of faith with which involves accepting oneness of Allah and Prophet Mohamed is a messenger of Allah. The correct acceptance of Mohamed as a messenger is to believe what he brought to us. One of the fundamental article of faith in Islam is believing Messengers. Therefore it is very important to know finality of prophethood and messengership for all muslims. Prophet Mohamed It is clear that the Prophet Mohamed was the Last and the final messenger of Allah from Quran and Sunnah. Glorious Quran mentioned about Prophet Mohamed “Rather he is Allah’s messenger and the last of prophets” (Chapter 33, Verse 40). “There will be no prophet after me, but there will be Caliphs who will increase in number." [al-Bukhari 4.661] Allah's Apostle set out for Tabuk. appointing 'Ali as his deputy (in Medina). 'Ali said, "Do you want to leave me with the children and women?" The Prophet said, "Will you not be pleased that you will be to me like Aaron to Moses? But there will be no prophet after me." [al-Bukhari 5.700] Furthermore, there are many other authentic hadiths providing clear evidences that Prophet Mohamed is the final prophet of Allah. However some deviant sects claim that the above verse only mentioned that he is the final Prophet not the final messenger of Allah by using improper definitions of Prophethood and Messengership. Finality of Prophethood and Messengership ...
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...Natural Disaster Natural disaster is the consequence when a natural hazard (e.g., volcanic eruption or earthquake or hurricanes ) affects humans. Human vulnerability, caused by the lack of appropriate emergency management, leads to financial, environmental, or human impact. The term natural has consequently been disputed because the events simply are not hazards or disasters without human involvement. Justification of the problem : The resulting loss depends on the capacity of the population to support or resist the disaster: their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation: "disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability". A natural hazard will hence never result in a natural disaster in areas without vulnerability, e.g., strong earthquakes in uninhabited areas. List of Alternatives : 1. The disaster affected population actively participate in the assessment , design , implementation , monitoring and evaluating of the assistance program 2. We hold ourselves accountable to both those we seek to assist and those from whom we accept resources 3. Request implementing organizations to ensure , to the greatest possible to extend , adequate involvement of beneficiaries in the design , implementation , monitoring and evaluation of humanitarian response Evaluate Alternatives: First alternative :each CEO or the responsible of taking the decision must be careful of the decision which he takes to avoid any...
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