...Business leaders frequently face dilemmas, circumstances where whatever course of action they choose, something of important value will be offended. How can an organisation prepare its decision makers for such situations? This article presents a pedagogical approach to dilemma training for business leaders and managers. It has evolved through ten years of experience with human resource development, where ethics has been an integral part of programs designed to help individuals to become excellent in their professional roles. The core element in our approach is The Navigation Wheel, a figure used to keep track of relevant decision factors. Feedback from participants indicates that dilemma training has helped them to recognise the ethical dimension of leadership. They respond that the tools and concepts are highly relevant in relation to the challenges that occur in the working environment they return to after leadership training. Keywords: business ethics, leadership training, dilemma Introduction The purpose of this article is to present a pedagogical approach to dilemma training for business managers and leaders. In the past ten years we have been responsible for ethical training sessions in programs designed to help individuals develop their leadership skills. We have used elements from moral philosophy in attempts to cultivate the participants’ theoretical understanding of the morally challenging situations they can encounter in their practice as managers and...
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...about the fit between moral theory and moral reasoning in everyday life, the way in which moral problems are defined has rarely been questioned. This paper presents a qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with 15 general practitioners (GPs) in South Australia to argue that the way in which the bioethics literature defines an ethical dilemma captures only some of the range of lay views about the nature of ethical problems. The bioethics literature has defined ethical dilemmas in terms of conflict and choice between values, beliefs and options for action. While some of the views of some of the GPs in this study about the nature of their ethical dilemmas certainly accorded with this definition, other explanations of the ethical nature of their problems revolved around the publicity associated with the issues they were discussing, concern about their relationships with patients, and anxiety about threats to their integrity and reputation. The variety of views about what makes a problem a moral problem indicates that the moral domain is perhaps wider and richer than mainstream bioethics would generally allow. (Journal of Medical Ethics 2001;27:98–103) Keywords: Empirical ethics; general practice; qualitative research Introduction There has been a spirited debate in recent years about the relationship between real life moral decision making and the forms, styles and content of reasoning used in bioethics. On the one hand, moral theorists and, in particular...
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...developing a string of moral dilemmas that prevail within and among the characters to explore the conflict between ones own desires and the expectations of the restricted Jacobean society. Moral dilemmas are utilized to endeavor the individual human desires and passions and what society believes to be morally correct. Weare confronted with a main moral dilemma that splits the audience between societies views and modern perspectives of Susanna. Our consideration of the main thematic concerns of truth, love and duty are vested in Susanna as she is the dominant character in the play and through her knowledge and her actions, she is able to reconcile truth in love, passion and desire. The Jacobean setting and context of The Herbal Bed creates an amplified backdrop of conflict and illness. Illness is ever present to remind us of the fragility of life but also promotes a conscious reflection upon the necessary salvation and vitality of the soul, irrespective of religious beliefs, as you may not have control over death but you do have control of your soul. This sense of internal conflict experienced by the characters only acts to demonstrate the larger dilemmas at play, namely Susanna’s key dilemma which is whether to conform to the social and moral expectations of Jacobean society and being true to herself as an individual. The society of the time is shifting into puritan beliefs and the oppressive nature of this society is very much what has caused the moral dilemmas in most of the characters...
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...and Teacher Education 27 (2011) 648e656 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Teaching and Teacher Education journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tate Teachers’ critical incidents: Ethical dilemmas in teaching practice Orly Shapira-Lishchinsky 1 Department of Educational Administration, Leadership and Policy, School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Received 21 March 2010 Received in revised form 10 November 2010 Accepted 11 November 2010 The aim of this study is to explore ethical dilemmas in critical incidents and the emerged responses that these incidents elicit. Most teachers try to suppress these incidences because of the unpleasant feelings they evoke. Fifty teachers participated in the study. A three-stage coding process derived from grounded theory was utilized. A taxonomy of critical incidents by means of the ATLAS.ti 5.0 revealed a multifaceted model of ethical dilemmas, among them clashing with rules, standards, or norms in school, as well as a multitude of derived responses. The results encourage the development of educational programmes based on teachers’ critical incidents. Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Teaching Ethics Ethical knowledge Ethical dilemmas Schools 1. Introduction 2. Theoretical background Teachers deal with many ethical problems in their practice. They encounter issues such as inappropriate allocation of resources, situations in which...
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...Running head: ANALYSIS OF ETHICAL DILEMMA FROM CURRENT EVENTS Analysis of Ethical Dilemma from Current Events Lilly Fernandus Grand Canyon University Ethical Decision Making in Health Care NRS 437 V July 16, 2011 Analysis of Ethical Dilemma from Current Events Nowadays, ethical dilemmas are an integral part of the health care system. It takes place when there are different opinions on moral claims. We get to a conflict when there is good evidence to indicate that a certain act is morally wrong or right but neither the evidence is definite (Beauchamp and Childress 1994). Health care settings have ethical dilemmas arise at any time due to different opinions. The article, “Ethical dilemma due to man’s kidney transplant”, which was published in Shanghai daily on March 17, 2011(China.org.cn) is an example of an ethical dilemma situation. The incident narrated was at a hospital in China. A 35 year old man is diagnosed with kidney failure due to uremia. In his family, the patient is the main earning member in the family. It consists of an old father and a mother who has cancer and three other brothers. Thus he had to give up his job for the treatment of his kidney problem. At that point, the patient is in a desperate need of a kidney transplant. The published news states that “the father is too old, mother is sick and two brothers are married and has family” and that none of them can donate their kidney to their son. The family decided to use the last brothers...
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...especially in a business world where the moral, values, and ethics are acceptable only after the profit is ensure. A valuable professional would make the difference and face the situations taking in to consideration ethics first. The ethics simulation game would provide two different dilemmas that would help the students to practice their managerial skills trying to make the best ethical decisions possible. In the simulation game, two dilemmas were presented. First the laboratory communicated to Quality Management that the analysis has shown that there is contaminant in the GBS – Fibranafren, which is an ingredient used in the majority of the company products. The results from the laboratory arrived after the products were already released and after taking into consideration the facts that everything indicates that the products are contaminated. However, the contamination is bellow FDA standards, and it would only affect a limited group of people with continued use of the product. The dilemma in this case is, whether the company should warn the consumers about the contamination and what kind of information should be provided to them. In the second scenario the FDA increased the official standards and under this new regulation the contaminated product no longer meets the stipulations required for the FDA. The company would not be able to distribute the products in the USA anymore. A new opportunity arises when the marketing analysis manager detailed, in an e-mail, that...
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...An Ethical Dilemma Every person has unique moral imperatives that force him or her to act in particular ways. A dilemma emerges when there is a conflict between individual opinions where one has to make choices. It may either be within a person or between two or more individuals. Ethical dilemmas are common in daily life experiences and workplaces, and they are accompanied by challenges of analyzing the problem critically and making effective decisions that do not harm others. At one point in time, I had to face an ethical dilemma in my life. To be more exact, I was compelled to choose between staying in my home country and working with parents to support the family or go to the USA and complete education at much higher level than I...
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...Running head: ANALYSIS OF AN ETHICAL DILEMMA Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma in Society Geana Terry Grand Canyon University NRS 437V May 8, 2011 Analysis of an Ethical Dilemma in Society Nurses and society are faced with ethical dilemmas on a daily basis. Ethical dilemmas are difficult situations that have conflicting moral claims and can cause great distress to those who face the problem. In dealing with ethical dilemmas we use a systematic process which aids us in determining a reasonable solution to the dilemma. It is important to use not only an emotional perspective but an objective and cognitive perspective as well. Combining our values and morals in our decision making will have a huge impact in the end result of our decision. A recent event that has happened in our society involves a parent who has given his toddler liquid cannabis without doctor knowledge. This situation was aired on ABC News on May 5, 2011. The article is titled “Montana Dad Gives Cancer-Stricken Boy Marijuana Behind Doctor’s Back” (James, 2011). A two year old child named Cash was diagnosed with a stage four brain tumor. He lived in Montana and was taken to Salt Lake City, Utah for extensive chemo therapy treatment. He suffered septic shock, a stroke, and a pulmonary hemorrhage. The child was extremely sick and went 40 days without eating. Due to the nature of his illness his body was shutting down and the family was frightened. Doctors were doing everything possible...
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...Analysis of an Ethical Conflict in Practice: Battlefield Nursing by Jonathan Wells A PAPER Submitted to the faculty of the Excelsior College, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing. ALBANY, NY 2012 Abstract In the legal world that we live in, we are constantly at risk of facing ethical dilemmas that may arise from conflicting legal obligations. If caring is important in nursing, then nurses will have to make a concerted effort to define a specific duty of care in clinical, administrative, educational, research and military environments. In order to fully preserve tradition and concept of caring within the profession of nursing, we must make every effort to understand its ethical implications and provide the guidance needed for navigating dilemmas that regularly arise in relation to it. Analysis of an Ethical Conflict in Practice: Battlefield Nursing This paper will provide a brief overview of a possible ethical dilemma that may arise within the field or nursing during war time. It will then move on to explain the multiple ethical issues within the overall situation, the decision making model that the author has chosen to apply to the dilemma, and the stakeholders with their possible interest in the decision making process. With this information defined, the paper will move on to state the author’s derived solution to the situation, as well as a moral justification for the plan of action to be implemented...
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...ECOCENTRISM AND ANTHROPOCENTRISM: MORAL REASONING ABOUT ECOLOGICAL COMMONS DILEMMAS KATHERINE V. KORTENKAMP AND COLLEEN F. MOORE University of WisconsinMadison Abstract When do humans extend their ethical scope to include nature? Anthropocentrism and ecocentrism are two ways of understanding an extension of ethics to nature. In an anthropocentric ethic nature deserves moral consideration because how nature is treated a¡ects humans. In an ecocentric ethic nature deserves moral consideration because nature has intrinsic value. In two experiments participants (n=91 and 84) generated moral reasoning responses to ecological moral dilemmas. The reasoning was coded as ecocentric, anthropocentric, or nonenvironmental (i.e., social contracts, truthfulness). Individual di¡erences and situational variables were examined in relation to moral reasoning about ecological dilemmas. Pro-environmental attitudes were related to more ecocentrica nd anthropocentrica nd less nonenvironmental reasoning. The presence of information about the impact of ecological damage on the environment, especially a more ‘‘wild’’ environment, elicited more ecocentric reasoning, while the presence of a social commitment elicited more nonenvironmental moral reasoning. The implications of the research for con£icts over environmental commons dilemmas are discussed. # 2001 Academic Press Ecocentrism and Anthropocentrism: Moral Reasoning about Ecological Dilemmas There is as yet no ethicd ealing with...
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...New York, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to examine the ethical dilemmas that emerge when offering microfinance services in BOP markets. Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing the ethical lenses of deontology, teleology, virtue ethics and moral relativism, the paper builds on prior research on ethical issues in BOP markets and the ethics of microfinance to highlight the specific stakeholder impacts facing MFIs. Relevant literature and examples from practice are utilized to illustrate the different ethical perspectives. Findings – In general, many of the key dilemmas represent themselves in the extreme poverty segment of the BOP where commercial business models have the least traction. Research limitations/implications – Propositions are developed for the corrective actions in the paper which might allow future research to uncover differences in intervention success in different BOP markets. Practical implications – The discussion of potential interventions for the various stakeholders may ameliorate criticisms of MFIs, suggest opportunities for cross-sectoral partnerships and improve outreach to the poorest of the poor. Social implications – For each issue addressed, this paper looks at the types of corrections that are made or called for through markets, government actions and civil society to respond to the negative impacts uncovered through our analysis. Originality/value – The analysis in this paper contributes to the theoretical ethical literature with a very...
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...(2010). Encompassing multiple moral paradigms: a challenge for nursing educators. Nursing Ethics 17(2), 189-199. Retrieved August3, 2010, from Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition Database. Aim: As society becomes increasingly globalised, it is imperative to include international educational perspectives in the nursing profession (Robinson, Sportsman, Eschiti, Bradshaw and Bol, (2006). Caldwell, Lu & Harding (2010) argue that the quality of nursing care necessitates nurses to reflect on nursing ethics in relation to their individual principled way of life. Cadwell, Lu & Harding (2010) paper explores these ideas. Summary: The fundamental nature of professional development implies personal development (Glen, 2005). ‘Encompassing multiple moral paradigms: a challenge for nursing educators’, is an in-depth analysis of nursing ethical dilemmas; the efforts that are undertaken to implement professional development through reflection, self-monitoring and self-control; and the challenges for nurse educators to integrate the syllabus into real-life clinical practice situations. Caldwell, Lu & Harding (2010) study analyses nursing ethics, Chinese ethical philosophies, and Judeo/Christian traditions as they endeavour to demonstrate the real-life issues of morally conflicting situations in nursing practice within these groups and the possible legal consequences. Relevant to topic yes/no? This paper clearly outlines ethico-legal nursing dilemmas in nursing practice, and the difficulties...
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...Executive Summary This report will introduce Toyota company of business ethics, in the first part, the report described the definition of business ethics, and then introduced the environmental scanning method and PEST and concretely introduces the Toyota company's ethical dilemma, how to solve this problem, from the Angle of moral evaluation, the whole situation based on different kinds of ethical theory, business ethics from the perspective of moral comprehensive understanding of the problem, and then to carry on the analysis. Making companies in the society, the government, and people’s hearts set up a better image, which is beneficial to the development of the company and have more income. Hope this report from every Angle analysis Toyota company pedal events, brake event. Let the Toyota Company remember the lesson. And effectively solve it. 1.0What is business ethic? Have a lot about what is the business ethics idea, or is simple; some people think is right or wrong. Essentially, business ethics is the pursuit of truth. Can and should be regarded as for $5 and $5 $10 is equal to the initial level, the simple truth. Therefore, the businessman must provide good quality goods and service, with reasonable price to consumers' normal supply. They must avoid addicted to like adulterate unfair trade practices, promoting misleading advertising, cheating weights and measures, such as the black market, they must give fair wages and their workers provide good working conditions....
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...(Erwin 2011). . Ethical issues in business will occur but can be solved and avoided in many cases that can help a company continue to be successful. Using an ethical decision making process will guide companies and its employees in the right direction to success and respect within the communities they serve. Most people involved in business whether functioning as a small business owner, employee, or chief executive officer of a multination company eventually face ethical or moral dilemmas in the workplace. Such dilemmas are usually complex, for they force the person making the decision to weigh the benefits that various business decisions impart on individuals including him or herself and groups with the negative repercussion that those same decisions usually have on other individuals or groups. What is Ethics? Business ethics is a subject that can be difficult to define. Any discussion of business ethics is a subjective one, for everyone brings different concepts of ethical behavior to the table. These moral standards are shaped by all sorts of things, from home environment to religious upbringing to cultural traditions. In any light ethics involves defining, evaluating and understanding concepts of right and wrong behavior. Contrary to popular opinion, what is ethical and what is legal are not always the same thing. Ethics often outline conduct that exceeds what many be the legal requirements of society. Ethics are usually divided into three aspects: metaethics,...
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...Ethics The American Nurses Association relates as part of its Code of Ethics that “The nurse, in all professional relationships, practices with compassion and respect for the dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems” (ANA, 2010). Given this, all nurses should be practicing their profession equally regardless of their own beliefs, values, or morals. As nurses come from many backgrounds and view each situation differently, that is not always a possibility. Such things as gender, religion, culture, traditions, and family are integral in shaping a system of beliefs or values that influence morality (Navran, 2010) and thus influences how nurses practice their profession. In accepting nursing as a profession, nurses vow to make the patient their chief commitment and must honor that commitment by giving unbiased care that is not influenced by personal values, morals, or beliefs. Personal Moral Compass There are many variables guiding a nurse in his or her everyday practice. Whether one is aware of the constant weighing of values and beliefs through critical thinking as they complete each shift or not, those intrinsic basics for their morality are what is guiding them to make these ethical decisions. The groundwork for the standards of professional behavior were laid in nursing school (Jane, 2010) and were meant to be continued throughout each student’s...
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