...of Decorative Mosquito trap. This trap aims to eliminate mosquitoes without the health risks from chemical sprays and the electrocutions from other trap. The Decorative Mosquito Trap is made of UV Light that can attract mosquitoes and Fan to trap those mosquitoes and Electric Rod Shock net to kill mosquitoes. This Decorative mosquito trap is easy and it is rechargeable type that you can use even there is no electricity. This Decorative Mosquito...
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...8- Headache. 9- Bloody stools. 10- Coma. 11- Fatigue. 12- Convulsions. Methods of transmission/Infection? "causes" The most common mode of transmission of malaria is by mosquito bites. A) Mosquito transmission cycle: 1- Uninfected mosquito: a mosquito is not infected but it become infected by feeding on a person who has malaria. 2- Transmission parasite: the second person this mosquito bites, the malaria parasites can be transmitted to him. 3- In the liver: the parasites travel through blood and live in the liver where some types of malaria can be dormant for a long time up to year. 4- In the bloodstream: when the parasites become mature, they leave the liver and begin to infect the red blood cells. 5- On the next person: if the uninfected mosquito bites the person at this cycle, it becomes infected by his malaria parasites and then can spread them to the next person by bites. B) Other modes of transmission: People can infected by malaria through the exposure to infected blood as: 1- In blood transfusion. 2- From the pregnant woman to her fetus. 3- By sharing needles or syringes that are used t inject...
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...Disease/Viruses As of September 7, 2012 there has been a total of 95 cases of West Nile and 5 deaths in the state of Michigan alone. Out of the 44 states that were involved in a breakdown of statewide reported infections, there were a total of 1,992 cases and 87 deaths reported. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) stated that there is a fatality rate that ranges from 3 to 15% and the first case reported of human infection was in 1999. The topics will discuss history, transmission, treatment, and prevention of the virus. West Nile Virus (WNV) is a virus that is normally seen in the Middle East, Africa, and West Asia through a patient located in Uganda (Henley, 2003). WNV can infect dogs, birds, horses, squirrels, mosquitos, humans, and other mammals. It was thought to have evolved from Israel, and has spread swiftly throughout the United States. The numbers of cases reported were from 20 to 60 per year, until in 2002 when the number rose to above 4,000 (Henley, 2003). The virus exhibits in various ways such as asymptomatic, mild, and severe infections that demonstrate specific outcomes. When the individual is asymptomatic there are no signs or symptoms of the virus. Mild infection or West Nile Fever carries symptoms of nausea and emesis, rash, muscle pain, enlarged lymph nodes, headaches, anorexia, and discomfort (Google, 2012). According to the Journal of Family Practice approximately 20% of individuals that are infected show these symptoms and a gestation...
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...Effectiveness of Lemon and Orange Peel as Insect Repellent CHAPTER I Introduction There are many plants that can be used for making an insect repellant that is highly branded. The researcher wanted to make lemon and orange peel as an insect repellant main ingredient because we can also get them the fruit in our own tree or backyard and get only the peel. The researcher chose lemon and orange peel because it is also good for our body and skin. The lemon peel contains Vitamin C and citric acid which are good for our skin. While an orange peel also contains Vitamin C. The peels can ward off mosquitoes. It’s said that mosquitoes and gnats are totally repulsed by either scent. The essential oils that can be extracted from lemon and orange peel are the one that makes the mosquitoes fly away. Lemon and orange is basically known as a fruit that we can eat. We can also make other product with its citric acid and their peel in whitening skin and an insect repellant. An insect repellent is a substance applied to skin, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages insects (and arthropods in general) from landing or climbing on that surface. Effective insect repellents can protect you from serious mosquito- and tick-borne diseases. In the United States, mosquitoes can transmit diseases like St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile virus. Ticks can transmit serious diseases like Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and Ehrlichiosis. I. Background of the study ...
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...Audibility Capacity of Mosquitoes Male mosquitoes have a highly developed sense of hearing, though it is much different from that of humans. Male mosquitoes rely on their sense of hearing for breeding purposes. Because of the link between hearing and mating behavior, as well as their impact on human health, the hearing abilities of mosquitoes has been the subject of much study. The limit of mosquito hearing is approximately 2,000 Hertz. Mosquito Hearing Mosquitoes are equipped with two feathery antennae on their head, and they use these to hear. The antennae are attached at the base to circular structures called Johnston’s organs. Mosquitoes engage in an active, metabolically driven hearing; the antennae filaments are tuned, and adjusted to various frequencies and sound levels. For a long time, females were thought to be deaf, but a 2006 study by Gabriella Gibson and Ian Russell, published in “Current Biology,” demonstrated that females can hear. Flight Tones The buzzing sound of mosquitoes is caused by the vibration of their wings, and is termed a flight tone. The flight tone of female mosquitoes is about 400 Hertz, and males have hearing that is tuned selectively to the frequency range of 300 to 400 Hertz. When a male perceives a female’s flight tone, he actively pursues her for mating. Courtship Mosquitoes have exquisite control over their wings, and by changing the rate they beat their wings, they can change the frequency of the buzzing. The study by Gibson and...
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... Culture and Disease – West Nile Virus West Nile virus is a mosquito borne virus that was considered a minor risk to humans until the early 1990’s and according to Wikipedia (2013), by 2012 was considered an endemic pathogen in Africa, Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Europe, and the United States, which has experiences one of its worst epidemics with West Nile virus. West Nile virus has an incubation period of 2 to 15 days and symptoms may include fever, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, nausea, and vomiting. West Nile virus can cause West Nile encephalitis and West Nile meningitis in the elderly population. Ages 50 and over are more susceptible to the neurological disorders associated with West Nile virus. Even though anyone can be affected by West Nile virus, the elderly have a higher rate of contracting the virus because they tend to have more pre-existing health concerns and tend to take less precautionary steps to protect themselves against the virus. There is no vaccination available for West Nile virus and the best methods of prevention are insect repellant and eliminating possible mosquito breeding grounds around the home and community. Environmental Factors and Transmission Methods Environmental factors play a large role in the spread of West Nile virus. Areas specifically that experience mild winters and hot summers are perfect breeding grounds for the disease carrying mosquito populations. In the past few years the United States has experienced warmer...
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...Epidemic Paper name SCI/163 date teacher Epidemic Paper Sometimes families take that dream vacation without even thinking about what diseases or illnesses are present in that area or region. Sometimes the symptoms for those illnesses are basic ones that will not raise a flag, until is too late. Before we visit a new area or region, we need to make sure we check everything that is going on, from politics to weather to epidemics and diseases, I am writing about an epidemic that is currently happening in the island of Hispaniola, Chikungunya virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or CDC, this virus is transmitted to people by two species of mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. These species of mosquitoes are found in the tropical and subtropical of the world and are found in the southeastern part of the United States as well. The disease was discover in East Africa in the early 1950s and so far, it was found in Asia, Europe and other areas. In 2013, the first cases of the virus were confirm in the Americas, on Islands in the Caribbean. Since that date, there has been more than 570,000 confirm or suspected cases throughout the Americas. There has been cases with local infections in Florida. In 2015, chikungunya virus disease became a nationally notifiable condition and as of December 8, 2015, a total of 629 cases have been reported from 43 states. All reported cases occurred in travelers returning from affected areas. There was not...
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...television expose. You are the head of a citizen task force and have been asked to make recommendations for improved food safety. The members of the task force are at odds over which approach to food safety best serves the interests of the community. Please provide a response to the following questions: A. Explain which of the following two approaches to enhance food safety would be more effective in the long run - a stronger enforcement program by the local health department, or a mandatory food safety training requirement for all restaurant employees. b. Describe worker behaviors that may promote or compromise food safety. Please provide, at least, two examples. Question 2: Recently there have been numerous reports on increased mosquito bites in several neighborhoods in your community. Your staff has investigated these reports and has found them to be justified. As a matter of fact, there have been an increasing number of complaints that mosquitoes are preventing people from staying out in the early mornings and evenings. Additionally, the local health department has informed you that there has been an increase in reported cases of encephalitis and a few deaths related to West Nile Virus. Unfortunately, your health department is very limited in its personnel and its financial resources and so therefore, you have to choose the most efficient methods to control this problem. Based on the information concerning mosquitoes in this scenario, respond to the following: ...
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...West Nile Presentation Comm110 9/27/2012 West Nile Presentation As of Wednesday September 12th 2012 the CDC reported the worst outbreak of West Nile virus ever to hit the United States. The current total of 2,636 cases is still growing. Of those reported cases there have been 118 deaths. These are the highest totals since it was first detected in the United States in 1999. It was first identified in Uganda in eastern Africa in 1937. Nearly all fifty states have reported cases, but the majority (2/3) was reported in Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, South Dakota, Michigan, and Oklahoma. Texas has by far been the hardest hit, accounting for 40% of the total. As of September 09,2012 in Texas there were 1219 reported cases, and 57 deaths. Vermont, Alaska, and Hawaii are the only states with no reported cases. These numbers are expected to grow until sometime in October. Past records show that late august is usually the peak for the season. So at this time the worst is behind us. Those most at risk to developing a severe form of the virus are: • Those with weakened immune systems (transplant or chemo patients, people with HIV) • Pregnant women • If over 50 years of age, you are in a higher risk group. • Adults with health issues such as cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, or kidney disease • Very young children Of the people infected, about 80% show few or no symptoms. Some 20% develop minor symptoms like: • headaches • abdominal pain • sore...
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...Introduction Ⅰ.How to kill mosquitos? Harmless UV light triggers photocatalyst produces carbon dioxide and moist air.Fan generates breeze,lamp produces spectra which tempts the mosquito and temperature completely imitates the human’s breath.These conditions become to be a bionic trap to attract mosquitos.And the captured mosquitos also send out information to attract other ones. Moreover,photo catalyst can absorb formaldehyde and other toxic gases,is a new generation of environmentally-friendly and efficient mosquito killer. Ⅱ. Advantages 1.Low Noise: Ultra-quiet fan to minimize the noise .Mosquitoes are attracted to the repository and are air-dried and dehydrated to death. There is no “Pa-pa” sounds like using electroshock mosquitoes catchers, and there is no high voltage, so its very safe and quiet. 2. Purifying air: High concentrations of photocatalyst can absorb more harmful gases. 3. Disinfection:UV light can kill harmful bacteria in the air. 4.Super anti-mosquito effect: Live mosquito which was captured in the mosquitoes storeroom will send out chemical information to attract the same, can continuously capture the surrounding blood-sucking female mosquitoes,To interrupt the mosquito breeding cycle group, completely eliminate mosquitoes. 5.Long life:This device use long-life CCFL tube. Soft light does not affect sleep, and may also offering nightlight. Ⅲ.How to use? 1.Plug the electrical plug into the power socket,connect the power to use this product...
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...Chapter I: The Introduction A. Introduction Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that has become a major international public health concern. Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world, predominantly in urban and semi-urban areas. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), a potentially lethal complication, was first recognized in the 1950’s during dengue epidemics in the Philippines and Thailand. DHF affects most Asian countries and has become a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children. There are four distinct, but closely related, viruses that cause dengue. Recovery from infection by one provides lifelong immunity against that virus but confers only partial and transient protection against subsequent infection by the other three viruses. Sequential infection increases the risk of developing DHF.1 1 “Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever,” World Health Organization, March 2009, 15 Oct. 2011 <http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en>. 2 There is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat DHF. For typical dengue, the immediate concern is the relief of symptoms. Adequate fluid intake for proper body hydration and rest is important. All else will depend on the person’s immune system. However, since the Philippines is abundant with herbal medicines, the Tawa Tawa is being touted as an alternative cure to DHF. The Tawa Tawa is described as having numerous flowers which measures about 5 to 8 centimeters each with...
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...html"OvicideHYPERLINK "http://sip-mnhs.blogspot.com/2011/10/makahiya-mimosa-pudica-root-extract-as.html" against Dengue Mosquito (HYPERLINK "http://sip-mnhs.blogspot.com/2011/10/makahiya-mimosa-pudica-root-extract-as.html"AedesHYPERLINK "http://sip-mnhs.blogspot.com/2011/10/makahiya-mimosa-pudica-root-extract-as.html" HYPERLINK "http://sip-mnhs.blogspot.com/2011/10/makahiya-mimosa-pudica-root-extract-as.html"aegyptiHYPERLINK "http://sip-mnhs.blogspot.com/2011/10/makahiya-mimosa-pudica-root-extract-as.html") Eggs ------------------------------------------------- Submitted to: Myrna H. Conol SSR-III Caraga Regional Science High School San Juan, Surigao City ------------------------------------------------- In partial fullfilment of the requirements of Advanced Statistics Research ------------------------------------------------- Mary Ladyniel O. Apalisok III-Newton Introdution The incidence of dengue has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades. Over 2.5 billion people – over 40% of the world's population – are now at risk from dengue. Recently the number of reported cases has continued to increase. Dengue is caused by any one of four related viruses transmitted by mosquitoes. There are not yet any vaccines to prevent infection with dengue virus and the most effective protective measures are those that avoid mosquito...
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...period (time from infection to illness) can be 2-12 days, but is usually 3-7 days. "Silent" CHIKV infections (infections without illness) do occur; but how commonly this happens is not yet known. Acute chikungunya fever typically lasts a few days to a couple of weeks, but some patients have prolonged fatigue lasting several weeks. Additionally, some patients have reported incapacitating joint pain, or arthritis which may last for weeks or months. No deaths, neuro-invasive cases, or hemorrhagic cases related to CHIKV infection have been conclusively documented in the scientific literature. CHIKV infection (whether clinical or silent) is thought to confer life-long immunity. Spread of Chikungunya CHIKV is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on a person infected with CHIKV. Monkeys, and possibly other wild animals, may also serve as reservoirs of the virus. Infected mosquitoes can then spread the virus to other humans when they bite. Aedes aegypti (the yellow fever...
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...TOLEDO CITY SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL IPIL-IPIL (Leucaena leucocephala) LEAVES AS AN ALTERNATIVE MOSQUITO LARVICIDE An Investigatory Project Presented to the FACULTY MEMBERS Of TOLEDO CITY SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL Ilihan Heights, Toledo City In Partial Fulfillment of the Coarse Requirements in Reseach II by: Rhenzon Alpas Eduardo Habon Llahona Fajardo Researchers TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement…………………………………………………..v Abstract…………………………………………………………….vi-vii I. Introduction a. Background of the Study …………………………….2 b. Statement of the Problem…………………………….2 c. Significance of the Study…………………………….3 d. Scope and Limitation…………………………………3 e. Review of Related Literature…………………………3-5 II. Materials and Methodology a. Materials……………………………………………...6 b. Procedure……………………………………………..6 III. Results and Discussion……………………………………7-8 IV. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation a. Summary……………………………………………...9 b. Conclusion…………………………………………….9 c. Recommendation……………………………………..10 V. Bibliography……………………………………………….11 Vi. Appendix……………………………………………………..12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research paper is made possible through the continuous tributes, support and advice that people generally gave the researchers. First and foremost, they would like to thank God above all for his guidance to help the researchers. Thanks for the protection you gave for them to be able to conduct their experiment, and for them to think well in...
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...OBJECTIVE 9.6 Transmission and control of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Gonorrhea. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human . Virus (HIV) which can only survive in body fluids. AIDS is said to have originated in Central Africa. It is transmitted by blood or semen during any activity which results in blood or semen of an infected person mixing with the body fluids of another person. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome can be controlled by: 1) Ensuring not to have any sexual relationships with an infected person. 2) Keep to one sexual partner. 3) Use condom during sex 4) Education about the disease. Gonorrhea is a contagious disease transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person. Gonorrhea may also be spread by contact with infected bodily fluids. For example, a mother could pass on the infection to her newborn during childbirth. Both men and women can get gonorrhea. The infection is easily spread and occurs most often in people who have many sex partners. Gonorrhea can be controlled by: 1) Keeping to one sexual partner 2) Treatment by using antibiotics e.g. penicillin. 3) Abstain from engaging in any form of sexual activity until your doctor has told you that the gonorrhea infection has cleared up. 4) Remain in close communication with your doctor throughout the treatment process. Implications of Sexually Transmitted Infections People with AIDS may be scorned and alienated from society. The family...
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