...of data and experience in analysts' long-term memory. The contents of memory form a continuous input into the analytical process, and anything that influences what information is remembered or retrieved from memory also influences the outcome of analysis. This chapter discusses the capabilities and limitations of several components of the memory system. Sensory information storage and short-term memory are beset by severe limitations of capacity, while long-term memory, for all practical purposes, has a virtually infinite capacity. With long-term memory, the problems concern getting information into it and retrieving information once it is there, not physical limits on the amount of information that may be stored. Understanding how memory works provides insight into several analytical strengths and weaknesses. ******************* Components of the Memory System What is commonly called memory is not a single, simple function. It is an extraordinarily complex system of diverse components and processes. There are at least three, and very likely more, distinct memory processes. The most important from the standpoint of this discussion and best documented by scientific research are sensory information storage (SIS), short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM).29 Each differs with respect to function, the form of information held, the length of time information is retained, and the amount of information-handling capacity. Memory researchers also posit the existence of an interpretive...
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...WORK Mike Hayler University of Brighton, UK Autoethnography, Self-Narrative and Teacher Education examines the professional life and work of teacher educators. In adopting an autoethnographic and life-history approach, Mike Hayler develops a theoretically informed discussion of how the professional identity of teacher educators is both formed and represented by narratives of experience. The book draws upon analytic autoethnography and life-history methods to explore the ways in which teacher educators construct and develop their conceptions and practice by engaging with memory through narrative, in order to negotiate some of the ambivalences and uncertainties of their work. The author’s own story of learning, embedded within the text, was shared with other teacher-educators, who following interviews wrote self-narratives around themes which emerged from discussion. The focus for analysis develops from how professional identity and pedagogy are influenced by changing perceptions and self-narratives of life and work experiences, and how this may influence professional culture, content and practice in this area. Autoethnography, Self-Narrative and Teacher Education Autoethnography, Self-Narrative and Teacher Education STUDIES IN PROFESSIONAL LIFE AND WORK The book includes an evaluation of how using this approach has allowed the author to investigate both the subject and method of the research with implications for educational research and the practice...
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...EUSEBIO AFRICANO DOS REIS VARELA Leadership Concepts, Theories And Issues CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF NELSON MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP STYLE 1. Introduction Leadership is a concept that has evolved over time. Individuals such as Mahatma Ghandi, Martin Luther King and Mother Theresa have emerged as defensors of the social issues of their time. This essay looks at one of the most prominent leaders of our time Nelson Mandela, from 1963 to 1999. First it will critically analyse Mandela’s Leadership style in the perspective of two leadership theories: Leadership as a Career, including its four stages of leadership: Formation, Accession, Incumbency and Divestiture. Then it will analyse it in terms of Transformational Leadership Theories, which was Mandela’s Leadership style during his governance. This will cover aspects of Idealised Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Simulation and Individualised Consideration. Ultimately, this review will show that Mandela’s chosen leadership style reveals both his successes and failures as a leader. 2. Nelson Mandela and his Social Context When the National Party achieved power in South Africa in 1948, the government usually composed by “white people” created a policy of racial segregation under a legislated system denominated by apartheid. According to this regime the black South Africans were forced to live in separate areas from whites and to use separate public facilities. Despite consistent struggles to defeat the apartheid...
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...My Life as a Dog In the film, My Life as a Dog (1985) directed by Lasse Hallstrom, we meet twelve-year-old Ingemar. Ingemar exists within and is influenced by an array of complex relationships and interacting environments as he deals with lack of control and loss in his life. This paper will explore the internal world and social environment of Ingemar and attempt to understand his world from several perspectives. Ingemar Ingemar is an early adolescent twelve-year-old boy with expressive eyes framed by strong eyebrows and a hair cowlick that rules his forehead. Although physically small for his age, Ingmar is athletic, intelligent, and emotionally resilient. As Ingemar confronts the loss of family members, home, and a beloved dog, he reads stories and tries to gain a perspective. He demonstrates the ability to reason about the social world but sometimes has difficulties with role taking and communication. Despite the chaos in his life, Ingemar is working hard to make sense of the world and actively construct this knowledge. Micro Analysis of Nuclear Family At the beginning of the film, Ingemar is living with his mother and older brother Eric, in an urban community. His father is gone; his mother, sick with tuberculosis is raising the two boys alone. A disorganized family apartment lacks warmth and is a window into their chaotic life. As a single parent, Ingemar’s mother has trouble dealing with the everyday responsibility of the boys. Ingemar and his brother...
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...Pinto Fires and Personal Ethics: A Script Analysis of Missed Opportunities Dennis A. Cioia ABSTRACT. This article details the personal involvement of the author in the early stages of the infamous Pinto fire case. The paper first presents an insider account of the context and decision environment within which he failed to initiate an early recall of defective vehicles. A cognitive script analysis of the personal experience is then offered as an explanation of factors that led to a decision that now is commonly seen as a definitive study in unethical corporate behavior. IThe main analytical thesis is that script schemas that were guiding cognition and action at the time pre.cluded consideration of issues in ethical terms because the scripts did not include ethical dimensions. In the summer of 1972 I made one of those important tran.sitions in life, the significance of vifhich becomes obvious only in retrospect. I left academe with a BS in Engineering Science and an MBA to enter the world of big business. I joined Ford Motor Company at World Headquarters in Dearborn Michigan, fulfilling a long-standing dream to work in the heart of the auto industry. I felt confident that I was in the right place at the right time to make a Dennis A. Gioia is Associate Professor of Organizational Behavior in the Department of Management and Organization, The Smeal College ofBusiness Administration, Pennsylvania State University. Professor Cioia's primary research and writing focus of...
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...Michael Anzilotti The Effects of Alcohol & Future Decision Making Through my Alcohol Awareness class, I learned some valuable information in statistics, such as Scientists once believed that human brains reached their maximum growth in childhood; however, recent research indicates that brain development continues until about age 25. The Consumption of alcohol during the adolescent years can affect brain development and may result in long-term negative effects. Alcohol can interfere with adolescents’ ability to form new, lasting, and explicit memories of facts and events. Additionally, I learned that the pharmacological effects of alcohol and other chemical substances most immediately interfere with optimal brain functioning. Continued use of alcohol and other drugs over time may keep youth from advancing to more complex stages of thinking and social interaction. In addition to this there are several neurological impacts that underage drinking can have on adolescents. Psychoactive substances such as alcohol produce pleasurable feelings and may diminish stress and emotional pain. These chemicals can turn on the brain’s reward system, which makes people want to repeat the use of substances to obtain the same feelings. Eventually, substance use can alter the structure and chemical makeup of the brain, leading to brain disorders. Some additional health risks that underage drinking incurs includes risky sexual behavior, alcohol poisoning and additional mental health disorders...
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...PSYCHOLOGY AQA A – UNIT 1 Attachment is an emotional bond between two people, it is a 2 way process that endures over time, serving the function of protecting the infant and leading to certain behaviours (seeking proximity, distress on separation, pleasure on reunion and general orientation of behaviour) There is a Primary attachment figure (PAF) EXPLANATIONS OF ATTACHMENT: LEARNING THEORY Learnt rather than inborn Classical: Association Proposes that food (UCS) naturally produces a feeling of pleasure (UCR). The feeder (NS) becomes associated with the food (UCS) when the infant is fed. The mother eventually produces the sense of pleasure associated with the food. Pleasure is now a Conditioned Response which causes attachment Operant: Reinforcement (DOLLARD AND MILLER 1950) When an infant if hungry, they feel uncomfortable and I drive is produced to reduce this discomfort. When the infant in fed, the drive is reduced and this produces a feeling of pleasure. The infant learns that the food is rewarding (Primary Reinforcer) and begins to recognise the person that provided the food (Secondary reinforcer). Attachment occurs because the infants seeks to be around the person that supplied the award. Evaluating learning theory Research by Harlow (1959) suggests attachment may not totally based upon the provision of food. Harlow removed baby rhesus monkeys from their mothers, and placed them into a cage. In the cage there were 2 wire mesh cylinders. One covered in towelling...
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...(1995), which won the Booker Prize, as well as the more recent novels Another World, Border Crossing and Double Vision. She lives in Durham. PAT BARKER _________________ REGENERATION PENGUIN BOOKS PENGUIN CELEBRATIONS For David, and in loving memory of Dr John Hawkings (1922–1987) PENGUIN BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi – 110017, India Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, Rosedale, North Shore 0632, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England www.penguin.com First published by Viking 1991 Published in Penguin Books 1992 Reissued in this edition 2007 I Copyright © Pat Barker, 1991 All rights reserved The moral right of the author has been asserted The publishers wish to thank the following for permission to reproduce copyright...
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...attached draft policy applicable to their own operations, to add information specific to their company, and to confer with drug and alcohol enforcement specialists and/or legal counsel in drafting a policy. 2. The sample policy and procedure are based upon accurate information available at the time it was prepared. 3. This sample is not prepared or intended to meet any particular company's needs. 4. A company alcohol and drug abuse policy may create legal rights or liabilities between the parties involved. 5. Legal advice regarding the development or review of this or any employment policy should be obtained. 6. No one should rely solely upon this sample policy outside its intended purpose without first obtaining the appropriate advice of legal counsel. 7. Notes printed in italics are for carrier's reference in drafting its own policy and should not be contained in a company's final policy. Motor Carrier Safety Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission 1300 S. Evergreen Park Dr. SW P O Box 47250 Olympia, WA 98504-7250 Phone: (360) 664-1232 ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE POLICY STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND POLICY Drivers are an extremely valuable resource for (insert name of company)_____'s business. Their health and safety is a serious Company concern. Drug or alcohol use may pose a serious threat to driver health and safety. It is, therefore, the policy of the Company to prevent substance use or abuse from having...
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...Design + Culture: New Directions for Interior Design Scholarship and Pedagogy Date: March 15-16, 2015 Fort Worth, Texas Guest Editor: Tasoulla Hadjiyanni Associate Professor, Interior Design University of Minnesota Title: Design as a malleable structure: Reframing the conceptual understanding of design and culture through George Kubler’s morphological approach to the history of things Author: Joori Suh, Assistant Professor, Interior Design Department, Iowa State University Under the banner of globalization and internationalization, what actually happens in design? Has today’s blended culture lost the identity unique to the context? What should be the interior design educator’s attitude toward teaching design and culture in the current age? We encounter dilemmas in global design, the results of which are sometimes almost identical regardless of unique settings because of our tendency to grasp design as a whole with respect to particular style or trend without fully apprehending the core and the deviation. Perceiving the entire design project as a mere symbolic expression also hinders our true understanding of design and culture. In this article, I attempt to answer fundamental questions regarding the complex, innate relationship between design and culture and suggest restructuring a conceptual framework applicable to related research and education that effectively reveals the multi faceted characteristics of design and culture in the present age. From the perspective of morphology...
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... description, history, design etc. It also includes their Applications, Future perspective and Conclusion etc. Index Terms— Introduction, Core chapters, Applications & Future perspective, Conclusion. I. INTRODUCTION A. Microprocessors A silicon chip that contains a CPU. In the world of personal computers, the terms microprocessor and CPU are used interchangeably. At the heart of all personal computers and most workstations sits a microprocessor. Microprocessors also control the logic of almost all digital devices, from clock radios to fuel-injection systems for automobiles. It is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. Intel introduced its first 4-bit microprocessor 4004 in 1971 and its 8-bit microprocessor 8008 in 1972. B. IBM POWER6 Microprocessors The POWER6 is a microprocessor developed by IBM that implemented the Power ISA v.2.03. When it became available in systems in 2007, it succeeded the POWER5+ as IBM's flagship Power microprocessor. The POWER6 processor is the latest generation in the POWER line of PowerPC processors. Fabricated using IBM’s 65 nm partially-depleted SOI process, the 341 mm POWER6 chip contains over 790 million transistors and 1953 signal I/Os connected using 4.5 km of wire on 10 copper metal layers (Fig. 1). Each chip includes two dual threaded SMT processor cores implemented in a 13 FO4 design capable of running...
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...Introduction This is a critical analysis paper using sociological literature to analyze the movie “Soul Food.” The topics I plan to analyze are coming to terms with death, family values during and after the death of a loved one and the ability to move past the hurt and pain after a death occurs. Soul Food depicts an African American family with many underlying issues for each child in relation to each other and also in relation to themselves individually. Mother Joe is the patriarch of the family who, despite her every effort to maintain peace and harmony, has her hands full with her daughters. Family is the thread of our society. Success for an individual is measured by the way he or she interacts with family. In relation to death and dying, the movie, Soul Food has every element that families encounter when attempting to grasp the concept of a loved one dying. The overall summary of this movie is about a matriarch, Mama Joe, who is adamant about family. She has three daughters, all with differing dramas in their lives, and issues with each other’s lives. Every Sunday, the family would gather at Mama Joe’s for Sunday dinner. There, family conflict would begin, be discussed and most times, end over dinner. Traditions are begun at the table and never forgotten because of Mama Joe. Children With Differing Personalities Dealing With A Major Life Change The daughters in this movie are seen in varying ways. In each of their respective ways, all daughters love their mother...
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...certain that firms with powerful brand image make a momentous progress in the marketplace. A strong brand will project a picture of superiority of a firm’s product or service. Apple Inc is an American multinational corporation that market and design personal computers, electronics and computer software. Apple Inc was founded in April 1976 in Cupertino California by the late Steve Jobs. Apple Inc is the largest technology company in the word by profit and revenue. Apple Inc has built a reputation as a consistent and trustworthy electronic company. Apple aspires to become the world leader in electronics, computer software and personal computer. RATIONALE FOR THE TOPIC: The rationale for my topic holds on the fact that brand is becoming the tool for absolute advantage for business in the twenty-first century. It is a challenge for organisation to survive in the constant and fierce battle of brands in the wallets, heart and mind of consumers. Though this study was premeditated for a course work, it will go beyond the purpose, the result of this study will assist existing organisation to reposition their market to gain brand awareness, loyalty. A clear understanding of consumer buying behaviour will be a decisive key to a successful marketing. PROBLEM STATEMENT: In our modern society brand has become the crucial asset of firms. Firms are searching for avenues to organise a strong poignant brand relationship with customers. This...
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...Chapter division are from the DVD. • Time shifts are indicated thus: F/B-W = wartime memories; F/B-PW = post war memories; H or D = dreams, hallucinations – though they are often mixed up, so it is an indication only • 'Clue': used to point out deliberate illogicalities etc. that may cause unease on first viewing but are really obvious only on subsequent viewings. S/T: 'sub-text' = things said that take on another layer of meaning on second viewing. • 'Teddy' is used for the Marshal persona, 'Andrew' for his real identity as a patient. Similarly Chuck / Dr Sheehan. • Abbreviations used: // = CUT; M = motif; A = allusion; F/S = foreshadowing (signposting); MS = Martin Scorsese narrative commentary 1. screen text: Boston Harbour Islands, 1954 fog; a ferry appears; a man (Chuck) stands at the bow // INT. HEAD - DAY: a man being sick "It's just water. It's a lot of water." SHALLOW FOCUS on manacles and handcuffs, PULL FOCUS as he emerges He joins a solicitous Chuck at the rail. They introduce themselves – he is Teddy Daniels, a "legend" in the US Marshalls. Teddy concedes that he used to be married Day 1 EST. the wider context; from here on, everything will be from Teddy's POV. Our first view of the protagonist is a double and ambiguous image: his black silhouette and his reflection in a mirror, water dripping off his face. Water will be a significant motif. Teddy's first view of Chuck is a back view, through a link-chain fence (M). Chuck's full name is...
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...Journal of American Studies, 45 (2011), 1, 113–129 f Cambridge University Press 2010 doi:10.1017/S0021875810001271 First published online 19 July 2010 Jazz as a Black American Art Form : Definitions of the Jazz Preservation Act JEFF FARLEY Jazz music and culture have experienced a surge in popularity after the passage of the Jazz Preservation Act (JPA) in 1987. This resolution defined jazz as a black American art form, thus using race, national identity, and cultural value as key aspects in making jazz one of the nation’s most subsidized arts. Led by new cultural institutions and educational programs, millions of Americans have engaged with the history and canon of jazz that represent the values endorsed by the JPA. Record companies, book publishers, archivists, academia, and private foundations have also contributed to the effort to preserve jazz music and history. Such preservation has not always been a simple process, especially in identifying jazz with black culture and with America as a whole. This has required a careful balancing of social and musical aspects of jazz. For instance, many consider two of the most important aspects of jazz to be the blues aesthetic, which inevitably expresses racist oppression in America, and the democratic ethic, wherein each musician’s individual expression equally contributes to the whole. Balanced explanations of race and nationality are useful not only for musicologists, but also for musicians and teachers wishing to use jazz as an example...
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