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Needs of Diverse Students

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Educating Special Needs Students
Identifying and providing for special needs children is essential to special education. Once a child has been diagnosis with a disability or multiple disabilities, a plan of care is initiated according to the severity of their condition and their needs. This plan is individualized; one child’s diagnosis is not a reflection of the wide range conditions that affect many children. Intellectual disabilities can be mild to profound, can be caused by different factors and can have a different impact on a student’s education and adult life. (Hardman, Drew, & Egan, 2013). Professionals have found many causes for disabilities from genetic to medical. Whatever the cause of these disabilities educators must identify areas of curriculum necessary for students with severe disabilities and/or multiple disabilities. Our local school district, like many public schools, has policies and procedures and programs to ensure appropriate education for students with intellectual disabilities. The degree of a person’s intellectual disability that can be described as mild to profound and the causes of the disability can play a major role in identifying the areas of curriculum necessary for students with disabilities.
Definitions, Causes and Impact According to AAIDD, intellectual disabilities is defined as “significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills.” (AAIDD, 2013) This type of disability originates before age 18 and can have many different causes. The most common causes of intellectual disabilities are genetic conditions, such as PKU or Down syndrome. Other causes are problems during pregnancy, (drinking mother or poor developing cells), problems during birth and health problems like whooping cough, measles or malnutrition. (NICHCY, 2011)

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